pollution its causes and remedies
DESCRIPTION
pollution is a major threat to present environmental statusTRANSCRIPT
POLLUTION – CAUSES AND REMEDIES
Presented by,M.Uma Maheshwari,
II M.Sc Botany,St.Mary’s college (Autonomous),
Thoothukudi
Pollution Pollution is defined as an unwanted change in the environment
It can be natural or manmade
Types of pollution7 types of pollution in modern world
Water pollutionAir pollution Thermal pollutionNoise pollutionSoil pollutionRadioactive pollutionLight pollutionVisual pollution
What is Water pollution?Water pollution is the contamination of
natural water bodies by chemical, physical, radioactive or pathogenic microbial substances.
Sources Industrial waste
Eutrophication
Pathogens
Organic wastes
Oil spills
Natural disasters
Remedies Stabilization of eco systemsDo not throw industrial, farm or other waste and
sewage into rivers. Boil water before drinking. Recycling of waste City water should be treated properly. Oil spills should be prevented. Dead bodies should not thrown in water bodies. Trees should be planted along the rivers. Awareness should be created among the people.
What is Air pollution?Air pollution is defined as any contamination
of the atmosphere that disturbs the natural composition and chemistry of the air
Causes GLOBALISATION
POPULATION
Sulphur dioxide and carbon monoxide
Burning plastic, wood and rubber
Effects of air pollutionAcid rainOzone layer depletionGreenhouse effect & Global warming
Acid rainWhen fossil fuels are burned, they let out oxides
into the air. When these oxides mix with water in the atmosphere, they make acid, which fall as precipitation
Green house effect and global warming
The pollutants like Carbon dioxide, Nitrous oxide can trap heat radiations from solar radiations and they do not allow the heat to escape to outer surface. Thus increases the temperature causing Global warming. This frequently leads to melting of polar ice bergs and the sea level increases
Ozone layer depletionOzone is a pale blue gas which protects our
Earth from ultraviolet rays coming from the sun. This gas is mainly formed in stratosphere.
Absorption of UV radiations by the molecules of Sulphur oxide, Nitrous oxide, aldehydes forms the Ozone gas and causes depletion of ozone layer and the UV rays enters the earth and causes severe effects in the earth
What is Soil pollution?Accumulation of man-made toxic substances
in soil that has a negative effect of plant and animal life.
Poor cultivation or farming practices, industrial waste dumping and mineral utilization
Sources Insecticides, pesticides
Mining
Overcrowded landfills
Effects Decrease in soil fertilityDisturbance in the balance of flora and faunaIncrease in salinity of the soilCreation of toxic dustFoul smell due to industrial chemicalsAlteration in the soil structure
Remedies 1.sewage treatment before dumping wastes. 2.spraying of pesticides must be reduced. 3.using of compost instead of fertilizers. 4.reduce combustion of fuels as the fumes
result in acid rain when combined with rain that pollute the soil.
5.reduce use of plastic. 6.do not litter. 7.use dustbin.
What is Thermal pollution?Thermal pollution is excess heat that creates
undesirable effects over long periods of time.
Sources Power plantsUrban sprawlAir pollution particulates that trap heatDeforestration
RemediesReduce mechanical frictionBurn less coal, oil or gas.Plant as many trees as possibleCool the water before they put it back in the
ocean.
What is Noise pollution?The noise pollution is defined as the
unwanted sound which is released into the environment.
Causes Traffic
Railway Stations
Industrial noise
Construction Equipments
Remedies Automobile ServicingTree PlantationSoundproof HomesFactory LocationWhite Noise Machine: The latest technology for
overcoming the effects of noise pollution is using white noise machine. It is a device meant for converting unbearable noise into pleasant sound
What is Radioactive pollutionRadioactive pollution is rare but extremely
detrimental, and even deadly, when it occurs
Sources Nuclear power plant accidents or leakageImproper nuclear waste disposalUranium mining operations
Effects Birth defects, Cancer, Sterilization, and Other health problems for human and wildlife
populations.
Remedies stoppage of leakage from the radioactive
materialsThe disposal of radioactive material must be
safe and secureThe protective garments must be worn The natural radiation must be at the
permissible limits
What is light pollution?Bright lighting in functions, big cities, etc.
causes “Light Pollution”.
Sources Large citiesBillboards and advertisingNighttime sporting events and other
nighttime entertainment
Effects Degrade the quality of lifediscomfort in the eyes
Remedies Shield and lower the wattage of all outdoor
lighting—both municipal and private.Use only the light you need to get the job
done.Work with your neighbors and local
government to keep the light on the ground and the skies natural.
Use light emitting diodes (LED)
What is visual pollution?Visual pollution - eyesores - can be caused by
other pollution or just by undesirable, unattractive views
Sources Power linesConstruction areasBillboards and advertisingNeglected areas or objects such as polluted
vacant fields or abandoned buildings
Effects Some immediate health and environmental
problemsLess effective than other pollution
ConclusionIt is our duty to save our beloved planet.Plant more trees Each drop of water also countsUse eco – friendly products