polymers - summary a polymer is a large molecule formed by the covalent bonding of repeating smaller...

20

Polymers - Summary • A polymer is a large molecule formed by the covalent bonding of repeating smaller molecules. • The smaller molecules that combine to form a polymer are called monomers. 23.4

Upload: christine-baker

Post on 11-Jan-2016

217 views

Category:

Documents

0 download

Report

Download

Embed Size (px):

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: Polymers - Summary A polymer is a large molecule formed by the covalent bonding of repeating smaller molecules. The smaller molecules that combine to form

Polymers - Summary• A polymer is a large molecule formed by the covalent bonding

of repeating smaller molecules. • The smaller molecules that combine to form a polymer are

called monomers.

23.4

Page 2: Polymers - Summary A polymer is a large molecule formed by the covalent bonding of repeating smaller molecules. The smaller molecules that combine to form

Polymers Summary• Two Types of Polymers• Addition Polymers - An addition polymer forms when

unsaturated monomers react to form a polymer• Condensation Polymers - Condensation polymers are formed by

the head-to-tail joining of monomer units.

23.4

Page 3: Polymers - Summary A polymer is a large molecule formed by the covalent bonding of repeating smaller molecules. The smaller molecules that combine to form

Polyethylene

Page 4: Polymers - Summary A polymer is a large molecule formed by the covalent bonding of repeating smaller molecules. The smaller molecules that combine to form

Polypropylene

Page 5: Polymers - Summary A polymer is a large molecule formed by the covalent bonding of repeating smaller molecules. The smaller molecules that combine to form

Polyamides23.4

Page 6: Polymers - Summary A polymer is a large molecule formed by the covalent bonding of repeating smaller molecules. The smaller molecules that combine to form

Polysaccharides Summary• Glucose and fructose are monosaccharides• Glucose + fructose → sucrose (disaccharides)

• Starch and cellulose are polymers of monosaccharides

Page 7: Polymers - Summary A polymer is a large molecule formed by the covalent bonding of repeating smaller molecules. The smaller molecules that combine to form

Glucose

Page 8: Polymers - Summary A polymer is a large molecule formed by the covalent bonding of repeating smaller molecules. The smaller molecules that combine to form

Fructose

Page 9: Polymers - Summary A polymer is a large molecule formed by the covalent bonding of repeating smaller molecules. The smaller molecules that combine to form

Disaccharides

Page 10: Polymers - Summary A polymer is a large molecule formed by the covalent bonding of repeating smaller molecules. The smaller molecules that combine to form

Polysaccharides24.2

Page 11: Polymers - Summary A polymer is a large molecule formed by the covalent bonding of repeating smaller molecules. The smaller molecules that combine to form

Protein Summary• Amino acid is any compound that contains an amino group (-NH2) and a carboxyl group (-COOH)

• A peptide is any combination of amino acids (2 or more) where the amino group of one amino acid combined with the carboxyl group of another.

Amino Acid + Amino Acid = Peptide• Protein is a peptide with more than 100 amino acids

Page 12: Polymers - Summary A polymer is a large molecule formed by the covalent bonding of repeating smaller molecules. The smaller molecules that combine to form

Amino Acids

Page 13: Polymers - Summary A polymer is a large molecule formed by the covalent bonding of repeating smaller molecules. The smaller molecules that combine to form

Peptides

Page 14: Polymers - Summary A polymer is a large molecule formed by the covalent bonding of repeating smaller molecules. The smaller molecules that combine to form

Proteins

Page 15: Polymers - Summary A polymer is a large molecule formed by the covalent bonding of repeating smaller molecules. The smaller molecules that combine to form

Proteins

Page 16: Polymers - Summary A polymer is a large molecule formed by the covalent bonding of repeating smaller molecules. The smaller molecules that combine to form

Proteins

Page 17: Polymers - Summary A polymer is a large molecule formed by the covalent bonding of repeating smaller molecules. The smaller molecules that combine to form

DNA and RNA Summary• DNA and RNA store genetic information• Nucleotides is the monomer of DNA and RNA.• A nucleotides is made up of a phosphate, sugar and a nitrogen

base.

Page 18: Polymers - Summary A polymer is a large molecule formed by the covalent bonding of repeating smaller molecules. The smaller molecules that combine to form

Nucleotides

Page 19: Polymers - Summary A polymer is a large molecule formed by the covalent bonding of repeating smaller molecules. The smaller molecules that combine to form

DNA

Page 20: Polymers - Summary A polymer is a large molecule formed by the covalent bonding of repeating smaller molecules. The smaller molecules that combine to form

DNA

AP Biology Chapter 5 Smaller organic molecules join together to form larger molecules macromolecules 4 major classes of macromolecules: carbohydrates

CONTENTS · 2020-07-10 · 5 • Petroleum Refining: “Catalysts enriched in REEs are essential to cracking (breaking down) heavy hydrocarbon molecules into smaller molecules”

What are polymers? Polymer: very long molecules made by linking together smaller molecules called monomers Monomer Polymer

Metabolism & Molecules of Life Hot Seat. Many organic molecules are made of repeating units of individual molecules called __________. Monomers

Testing for Organic Macromolecules. What are Macromolecules? Large molecules made of smaller molecules Or Small molecules Or Macromolecule

THE MACROMOLECULES OF LIFE Macromolecules are polymers (many units) ; molecules built from one or a few kinds smaller molecules called monomers. POLYMERS

Digestive System Human Digestive System has two key functions: –Breaking down of large food into smaller, usable molecules –Absorbing these smaller molecules

Warm-up Synthesis vs. Decomposition reactions Synthesis reactions- take smaller molecules and combine…

Marvelous Macromolecules Chapter 5 Macromolecules Large molecules formed by joining smaller organic molecules Four Major Classes Carbohydrates Lipids

DIFFUSION · 2020-04-30 · RESTRICTED DIFFUSION = OSMOSIS Smaller molecules reach a uniform distribution Larger molecules remain in the compartment. 3. Special wall (SEMIPERMEABLE)

AP Biology 2005-2006 Chapter 5. Macromolecules. AP Biology 2005-2006 Macromolecules Smaller organic molecules join together to form larger molecules

Synthetic Polymers. Introduction A polymer is a large molecule composed of many smaller repeating units. First synthetic polymers: Polyvinyl chloride

Properties of Macromolecules. Smaller Molecules Large Molecule POLYMERMONOMERS linkage

Topic: Polymerization. Polymerization Reaction that produces very large molecules (poly = many) consisting of many small, repeating structural (monomers)

Catalytic cracking Catalytic cracking uses heat, pressure and a catalyst to break larger hydrocarbon molecules into smaller, lighter molecules. Feed stocks

DNA The Molecule of Heredity Chapter 11.1. DNA - Deoxyribonucleic Acid Contains genetic information (genes) Strands of repeating molecules that make

Large biologically significant molecules, usually composed ...€¦ · Biomacromolecules Large biologically significant molecules, usually composed of repeating subunits Four categories:

CHEMISTRY. Decomposition—breaks molecules into smaller pieces Synthesis—build smaller pieces into larger one Exchange—shuffles pieces between molecules

Nucleic Acids. Bio-molecules are compounds composed of repeating units of their building blocks i.e. monomers. There are four major classes of biomolecules

Digestive System. 2 types: Mechanical: Organs physically break food into smaller pieces Chemical: Enzymes break large molecules into smaller molecules

Organic Chem: Biochemistry. Biochemistry Study of chem of living organisms Most: large, complex molecules complex molecules: biopolymers smaller, simpler

Permeability Of Lipid Bilayer Smaller and more hydrophobic molecules diffuse across membrane more rapidly

Cellular Respiration & Protein Synthesis. Anabolism Anabolism (add) Large molecules are synthesized from smaller molecules Dehydration Synthesis – H 2

Biological Molecules Many organic compounds are large molecules called MACROMOLECULES. Macromolecules are usually polymers – molecules made up of repeating

Temperature dependent rheology of surfactant-hydroxypropyl ... › ark: › 67531 › metadc...Polymers are long chain molecules that are composed of smaller repeating units called

Biological Molecules ‘what you need to know!’. MONOMER – single repeating units that…… ……are joined together to form POLYMER

Metabolism Metabolism - Cellular chemical processes Catabolism – breaking down larger molecules into smaller ones Anabolism – building up larger molecules

SPECIMEN H - North Leamington School · Cracking converts large hydrocarbon molecules into more useful smaller hydrocarbon molecules . Look at the displayed formula for hexadecane

Molecules of Life Biomolecules. Monomers: simplest subunits, building blocks Polymers: repeating monomers

Chapter 2 Biomolecules. Macromolecules Biological macromolecules are defined as large molecules made up of smaller molecules. There are 4 classes of macromolecules:

Structure and Function of Macromolecules Four Main Types of Macromolecules Macromolecules are constructed of smaller units repeating units called monomers

AP Biology Macromolecules. AP Biology Macromolecules Smaller organic molecules join together to form larger molecules Macromolecules 4 major classes

Molecular Crystals. Molecular Crystals: Consist of repeating arrays of molecules and/or ions

Polymers are large molecules composed of many similar smaller molecules linked together. The individual smaller molecules are called monomers. When

Condensation Reactions Two molecules combine with the generation of a smaller molecule