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POLYURETHANE FOAM/GRAPHENE NANOCOMPOSITES Lorena Ugarte , Sandra Gómez-Fernández, Marian Corcuera, Arantxa Eceiza GMT “Materials + Technologies” Research Group Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU)

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Page 1: POLYURETHANE FOAM/GRAPHENE NANOCOMPOSITES...POLYURETHANE FOAM/GRAPHENE NANOCOMPOSITES Lorena Ugarte, Sandra Gómez-Fernández, Marian Corcuera, Arantxa Eceiza GMT “Materials + Technologies”

POLYURETHANE FOAM/GRAPHENE NANOCOMPOSITES

Lorena Ugarte, Sandra Gómez-Fernández, Marian Corcuera, Arantxa Eceiza

GMT “Materials + Technologies” Research Group

Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of the Basque

Country (UPV/EHU)

Page 2: POLYURETHANE FOAM/GRAPHENE NANOCOMPOSITES...POLYURETHANE FOAM/GRAPHENE NANOCOMPOSITES Lorena Ugarte, Sandra Gómez-Fernández, Marian Corcuera, Arantxa Eceiza GMT “Materials + Technologies”

INDEX

- INTRODUCTION

- LIQUID EXFOLIATION AND SIZE SELECTION OF GRAPHENE

- CHARACTERIZATION OF GRAPHENE

- PREPARATION OF NANOCOMPOSITES

- CHARACTERIZATION OF NANOCOMPOSITES

- CONCLUSIONS

Page 3: POLYURETHANE FOAM/GRAPHENE NANOCOMPOSITES...POLYURETHANE FOAM/GRAPHENE NANOCOMPOSITES Lorena Ugarte, Sandra Gómez-Fernández, Marian Corcuera, Arantxa Eceiza GMT “Materials + Technologies”

Triglycerides

Ricionleic acid

Vegetable oils Sugars

Glucose Sorbitol

POLYURETHANES

Renewable raw materials

POLYURETHANE NANOCOMPOSITES

Cellulose nanocrystals

Graphene

INTRODUCTION

Page 4: POLYURETHANE FOAM/GRAPHENE NANOCOMPOSITES...POLYURETHANE FOAM/GRAPHENE NANOCOMPOSITES Lorena Ugarte, Sandra Gómez-Fernández, Marian Corcuera, Arantxa Eceiza GMT “Materials + Technologies”

POLYURETHANE FOAM/GRAPHENE NANOCOMPOSITES

Graphene Flexible polyurethane foams

CHARACTERISTICS - Lightweight - Flexibility, compressibility and stretchability - Simplicity of preparation process - Elastic conductor, flexible electrode and pressure sensor

INTRODUCTION

Page 5: POLYURETHANE FOAM/GRAPHENE NANOCOMPOSITES...POLYURETHANE FOAM/GRAPHENE NANOCOMPOSITES Lorena Ugarte, Sandra Gómez-Fernández, Marian Corcuera, Arantxa Eceiza GMT “Materials + Technologies”

LIQUID EXFOLIATION AND SIZE SELECTION OF GRAPHENE

Exfoliation of graphite

Centrifugation (4000-500 rpm)

Supernatant

Redispersion + 50 mL NMP

Sediment

20 g graphite 1.5 L NMP

100 h

Centrifugation rate (rpm)

Designation

4000 S1

3000 S2

2000 S3

1000 S4

500 S5

Filtration + washing

Page 6: POLYURETHANE FOAM/GRAPHENE NANOCOMPOSITES...POLYURETHANE FOAM/GRAPHENE NANOCOMPOSITES Lorena Ugarte, Sandra Gómez-Fernández, Marian Corcuera, Arantxa Eceiza GMT “Materials + Technologies”

CHARACTERIZATION OF GRAPHENE

S5

S4

S3

S1

S4

S3

S5

S1

l 4-5 µm t 8 nm

l 4-5 µm t 6 nm

l 500 nm t 5 nm

l 400 nm t 1.5 nm

S2

Page 7: POLYURETHANE FOAM/GRAPHENE NANOCOMPOSITES...POLYURETHANE FOAM/GRAPHENE NANOCOMPOSITES Lorena Ugarte, Sandra Gómez-Fernández, Marian Corcuera, Arantxa Eceiza GMT “Materials + Technologies”

CHARACTERIZATION OF GRAPHENE

5 layers

9 layers

1 layer

S1 fraction

Page 8: POLYURETHANE FOAM/GRAPHENE NANOCOMPOSITES...POLYURETHANE FOAM/GRAPHENE NANOCOMPOSITES Lorena Ugarte, Sandra Gómez-Fernández, Marian Corcuera, Arantxa Eceiza GMT “Materials + Technologies”

CHARACTERIZATION OF GRAPHENE

0 V

-6 V

6 V

Topography of sample has no influence on results

Dark contrast Attractive forces

Bright contrast Repulsive forces

Page 9: POLYURETHANE FOAM/GRAPHENE NANOCOMPOSITES...POLYURETHANE FOAM/GRAPHENE NANOCOMPOSITES Lorena Ugarte, Sandra Gómez-Fernández, Marian Corcuera, Arantxa Eceiza GMT “Materials + Technologies”

PREPARATION OF POLYURETHANE FOAM/GRAPHENE NANOCOMPOSITES

Sample Sonication time (min)

Graphene (wt%)

FG1 15 3.3

FG2 10 2.8

FG3 5 2.5

Polyurethane foam

S1 (1mg/mL in cyclohexane)

FG

((

((

))

))

((

((

))

))

FG1 FG2 FG3

Page 10: POLYURETHANE FOAM/GRAPHENE NANOCOMPOSITES...POLYURETHANE FOAM/GRAPHENE NANOCOMPOSITES Lorena Ugarte, Sandra Gómez-Fernández, Marian Corcuera, Arantxa Eceiza GMT “Materials + Technologies”

CHARACTERIZATION OF NANOCOMPOSITES

FG1

FG2

FG3

Page 11: POLYURETHANE FOAM/GRAPHENE NANOCOMPOSITES...POLYURETHANE FOAM/GRAPHENE NANOCOMPOSITES Lorena Ugarte, Sandra Gómez-Fernández, Marian Corcuera, Arantxa Eceiza GMT “Materials + Technologies”

CONCLUSIONS

• Graphene was obtained by liquid exfoliation of graphite. By centrifugation, graphene fractions were separated according to flake size

• Small flakes with low number of layers were obtained in the fraction separated at the highest centrifugation rate

• Ultasound assisted impregnation method was suitable for the preparation of polyurethane foam/graphene nanocomposites

• Graphene confered electrical conductivity to the nanocomposites

• The electrical resistance of the nanocomposites was sensitive to mechanical deformation

• The elastic bending of cells and the structure created after cell collpase favored the contact between graphene flakes

Page 12: POLYURETHANE FOAM/GRAPHENE NANOCOMPOSITES...POLYURETHANE FOAM/GRAPHENE NANOCOMPOSITES Lorena Ugarte, Sandra Gómez-Fernández, Marian Corcuera, Arantxa Eceiza GMT “Materials + Technologies”

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

SGIKer

UPV/EHU University of the Basque Country

(PIFUPV047/2011 y Ayudas de Incorporación de Doctores Recientes)

Basque Government Grupos Consolidados (IT-776-13)

Page 13: POLYURETHANE FOAM/GRAPHENE NANOCOMPOSITES...POLYURETHANE FOAM/GRAPHENE NANOCOMPOSITES Lorena Ugarte, Sandra Gómez-Fernández, Marian Corcuera, Arantxa Eceiza GMT “Materials + Technologies”

http://www.ehu.eus/es/web/gmt/home

GMT Research Group

POLYURETHANE FOAM/GRAPHENE NANOCOMPOSITES

Lorena Ugarte, Sandra Gómez-Fernández, Marian Corcuera, Arantxa Eceiza