PopulationDefinition 1:

A population is all the organisms that both belong to the same species and live in the same geographical area.[1]

In sociology, a collection of human beings. Statistical study of human populations occurs within the discipline of demography. [1]

Definition 2:

The people living within a political or geographical boundary; The people living in a single place; A collection of organisms of a particular species, sharing a particular characteristic of interest, most often that of living in a given area. [2]

Definition 3:

A group of organisms of the same species inhabiting a given area; "they hired hunters to keep down the deer population" [3]

Definition 4:A group of individuals or items that share one or more characteristics from which data can be gathered and analyzed. [4]

Definition 5:

The whole number of people, or inhabitants, in a country, or portion of a country; as, a population of ten millions. [5]

Population densityDefinition 1:

Population density (in agriculture standing stock and standing crop) is a measurement of population per unit area or unit volume. It is frequently applied to living organisms, and particularly to humans. It is a key geographic term. [6]

Human population density

For humans, population density is the number of people per unit of area usually per square kilometer or mile (which may include or exclude cultivated or potentially productive area). Commonly this may be calculated for a county, city, country, another territory, or the entire world. [6]

Definition 2:

The average number of people who live on each square mile (or kilometer) of land. [7]

Definition 3:

The concentration of people within a specific portion of a defined area. [8]

Definition 4:

The total number of individuals of a species per unit area. Using density instead of total number gives a basis for comparison between numbers in different places or from time to time in the same place. [9]

Definition 5:

The total number of people living in a defined area such as a community, district, capital city, country, region, or square kilometer or square mile. [10]

Population growthDefinition 1:

Population growth is the change in a population over time, and can be quantified as the change in the number of individuals of any species in a population using "per unit time" for measurement. In biology, the term population growth is likely to refer to any known organism, but this article deals mostly with the application of the term to human populations in demography. [11]

Definition 2:

Population growth is the increase in the number of members of a population over a given time. A typical time frame for calculating growth is yearly. In the United States, the census tracks population growth over a 10-year span. [12]

Definition 3:

Population growth is the main driving force of adverse impacts on the environment. Increase in the number of people in an area leads to higher pressures on the environment. More people need more space, require more energy, water, and natural resources, which inevitably leads to higher pressure on land, air, water, and natural resources. They also produce more waste, which again has an impact on land, waters, and air. Rising economy and industry also contribute to generating more pressure on the environment. [13]

Definition 4:

The increase in a population that occurs when the birth rate is higher than the death rate, or when immigration exceeds emigration, or when a combination of these factors is present. A growth curve, obtained by plotting population size against time, is typically S-shaped (sigmoid) or J-shaped (see graph). A sigmoid growth curve shows an initial phase of exponential growth. [14]

Definition 5:

Increase in the number of people who inhabit a territory or state [15]

Pakistan's estimated population in 2010 is over 170 million [1] making it the world's sixth most-populous country, behind Brazil and ahead of Russia. During 1950-2008, Pakistan's urban population expanded over sevenfold, while the total population increased by over fourfold. In the past, the country's population had a relatively high growth rate that has, however, been moderated by declining fertility and birth rates. The population growth rate now stands at 1.6%[2]

Pakistan’s population policy

Family planning was introduced in Pakistan in 1953, and it became part of the government’s health service in the 1960s, although funding has been inconsistent. The government perceives the population growth rate to be too high and aims to pursue policies to reduce the growth rate. The government is also concerned with mortality levels, especially those of infants and children under five and women of childbearing age.

Factors related to high fertility rates in Pakistan include high illiteracy and low educational attainment, low status of women, high mortality, conservatism, fatalism, and religious conservatism. These factors combine to limit the effectiveness of family planning services.

Social attitudes are a serious impediment to the use of contraception in Pakistan. In 1991 only a quarter of Pakistani women could go unaccompanied to a clinic because of purdah, or the practice of female seclusion. Poor communication between spouses adds to the problem: in families with three children, more than 50 percent of the women want no more children. While non-governmental organizations have run some family planning programs, they suffered from lack of funds since the U.S. discontinued aid to Pakistan in 1993. [3]

Population History

In 1951 Pakistan had a population of 34 million. The population growth rate now stands at 1.6%.The majority of southern Pakistan's population live along the Indus River. By population size, Karachi is the largest city of Pakistan. In the northern half, most of the population live in an arc formed by the cities of Lahore, Faisalabad, Rawalpindi, Islamabad, Gujranwala, Sialkot, Gujrat, Jhelum, Sargodha and Sheikhupura[4]

In early 1994, the population of Pakistan was estimated to be 126 million, making it the ninth most populous country in the world. Its land area, however, ranks thirty-second among nations. Thus Pakistan has about 2 percent of the world's population living on less than 0.7 percent of the world's land. The population growth rate is among the world's highest, officially estimated at 3.1 percent per year, but privately thought to be closer to 3.3 percent per year by many planners involved in population programs. Pakistan's population is expected to reach 150 million by 2000 and to account for 4 percent of the world's population growth between 1994 and 2004. [5]

Population and growth [6] Population: 172,800,000 (July 2008 best estimation) Growth rate: 2.2% (2008 estimation) Birth rate: 31 births/1,000 population (2008 est.) Death rate: 8 deaths/1,000 population (2008 est.) Net migration rate: -1.0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2008 est.)

Pakistanis around the world [7]

 Saudi Arabia 1,500,000 United Kingdom 1,400,000 United Arab Emirates 700,000  – 1,000,000 United States 600,410 – 1,000,000 Canada 350,000 Kuwait 100,000 Oman 85,000 Germany 52,668 Qatar 52,500 France 50,000 Norway 35,000

Historical populations

Census Population Urban

1951 33,816,000 17.80%

1961 42,978,000 22.46%

1972 65,321,000 25.40%

1981 84,254,000 28.28%

1998 130,580,000 32.51%

2008 172,800,000 32.34%

Pakistan’s yearly population:[8]

Year Population Absolute Increase Percentage Increase1950 39,448,2321951 40,382,206 933,974 2.371952 41,346,560 964,354 2.391953 42,342,412 995,852 2.411954 43,372,063 1,029,651 2.431955 44,434,445 1,062,382 2.451956 45,535,711 1,101,266 2.481957 46,679,944 1,144,233 2.511958 47,868,932 1,188,988 2.551959 49,104,112 1,235,180 2.581960 50,386,898 1,282,786 2.611961 51,718,581 1,331,683 2.641962 53,100,671 1,382,090 2.671963 54,524,471 1,423,800 2.681964 55,988,385 1,463,914 2.681965 57,494,940 1,506,555 2.691966 59,046,203 1,551,263 2.701967 60,641,899 1,595,696 2.701968 62,282,496 1,640,597 2.711969 63,969,987 1,687,491 2.711970 65,705,964 1,735,977 2.711971 67,491,369 1,785,405 2.721972 69,325,921 1,834,552 2.721973 71,121,085 1,795,164 2.591974 72,911,780 1,790,695 2.521975 74,711,541 1,799,761 2.471976 76,456,121 1,744,580 2.341977 78,152,686 1,696,565 2.221978 80,051,300 1,898,614 2.431979 82,374,302 2,323,002 2.901980 85,219,117 2,844,815 3.45Year Population Absolute Increase Percentage Increase

1981 88,417,079 3,197,962 3.751982 91,465,209 3,048,130 3.451983 94,154,723 2,689,514 2.941984 96,501,806 2,347,083 2.491985 99,076,266 2,574,460 2.67

1986 102,065,710 2,989,444 3.021987 105,208,431 3,142,721 3.081988 108,407,786 3,199,355 3.041989 111,528,381 3,120,595 2.881990 114,606,690 3,078,309 2.761991 117,684,292 3,077,602 2.691992 120,098,197 2,413,905 2.051993 122,523,650 2,425,453 2.021994 125,531,448 3,007,798 2.451995 128,733,657 3,202,209 2.551996 132,194,115 3,460,458 2.691997 135,616,310 3,422,195 2.591998 139,062,987 3,446,677 2.541999 142,520,124 3,457,137 2.492000 146,404,914 3,884,790 2.732001 150,399,566 3,994,652 2.732002 153,470,779 3,071,213 2.042003 156,196,488 2,725,709 1.782004 159,266,367 3,069,879 1.972005 162,490,385 3,224,018 2.022006 165,873,928 3,383,543 2.082007 169,340,538 3,466,610 2.092008 172,800,051 3,459,513 2.042009 174,579,000 1,778,949 1.60

Population According to Religions [9]

Pakistan is the second-most populous Muslim-majority country and also has the second-largest Shi'a population in the world. About 97% of the Pakistanis are Muslim. The majority are Sunni, with an estimated 5-20% Shi'a, 2.3% are Ahmadis

Religious population In Pakistan [10]

Muslims: 175,376,000 (Sunnis are the majority while Shi'as are minority who make up 5-20%

Hindus: 3,200,000 (approx. 1.6% Christians: 2,800,000 (approx. 1.6% Buddhists: 20,000 Sikhs: 20,000 Zoroastrian/Parsis: 5,000 Others (included Animists, Atheists, Jews, etc.): unknown

Population According to Ethnic groups [10]

About 98% of languages spoken in Pakistan are Indo-Iranian (sub-branches: 75% Indo-Aryan and 20% pure Iranian), a branch of Indo-European family of languages. Most languages of Pakistan are written in the Perso-Arabic script, with significant vocabulary derived from Arabic and Persian. Punjabi (Shahmukhi), Seraiki, Sindhi, Pashto, Urdu, Balochi, Kashmiri (Koshur), etc. are the general languages spoken within Pakistan. The majority of Pakistanis belong to various Indo-Aryan-speaking ethnic groups, while a large minority are various Iranic peoples and Dardic language groups. In addition, small groups language isolates such as Burusho and Brahui-speaking peoples also live in the country. The major ethnic groups of Pakistan in numerical size include: Punjabis, Pashtuns, Sindhis, Seraikis, Muhajirs, Balochis, Hindkowans, Chitralis and other smaller groups.

The population comprises several main ethnic groups (20090 [11]

1. Punjabis (44.15%) 78.7 million2. Pashtuns (15.42%) 27.2 million3. Sindhis (14.1%) 24.8 million4. Seraikis (10.53%) 14.8 million5. Muhajirs (7.57%) 13.3 million6. Balochs is (3.57%) 6.3 million7. Others (4.66%) 11.1 million

Population according to cities [12]

Cities by population (2010 estimate) Rank City Location Population Rank City Location Population

Karachi, Sindh

Lahore, Punjab

1 Karachi Sindh 13,205,339 11 Sargodha Punjab 600,5012 Lahore Punjab 7,129,609 12 Bahawalpur Punjab 543,9293 Faisalabad Punjab 2,880,675 13 Sialkot Punjab 510,8634 Rawalpindi Punjab 1,991,656 14 Sukkur Sindh 493,4385 Multan Punjab 1,606,481 15 Larkana Sindh 456,5446 Hyderabad Sindh 1,578,367 16 Sheikhupura Punjab 426,9807 Gujranwala Punjab 1,569,090 17 Jhang Punjab 372,645

8 Peshawar KP 1,439,205 18Rahim Yar Khan

Punjab 353,112

9 Quetta Balochistan 896,090 19 Mardan KP 352,135

10 IslamabadCapital

Territory689,249 20 Gujrat Punjab 336,727

Age structure [13]

0–14 years: 42% (male 33,293,428; female 31,434,314) 15–64 years: 54.9% (male 48,214,298; female 46,062,933) 65 years and over: 4.1% (male 3,256,065; female 3,542,522) (2006 est.)

0–14 years: 36.7% (male 33,037,943/female 31,092,572) 15–64 years: 59.1% (male 53,658,173/female 49,500,786) 65 years and over: 4.2% (male 3,495,350/female 3,793,734) (2009 est.)

Gender ratios [13]

Sex ratio at birth: 1.00 male(s)/female Under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 15–64 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.82 male(s)/female total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2006 est.)

Literacy [14]

Definition: aged 10 and over and can read and write Total population: 57% Male: 69% Female: 45% (2009 est.)

References

Definition

1. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Population#Notes 2. en.wiktionary.org/wiki/population3. wordnetweb.princeton.edu/perl/webwn 4. http://www.investorwords.com/3738/population.html#ixzz16bVC94bK 5. http://thinkexist.com/dictionary/meaning/population/ 6. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Population_density 7. en.wiktionary.org/wiki/population_density 8. www.newberry.org/K12maps/glossary/index.html 9. www.science.org.au/nova/001/001glo.htm 10. erc.msh.org/mainpage.cfm 11. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Population_growth_rate 12. http://www.ehow.com/about_5079635_definition-population-growth.html 13. http://web.ceu.hu/envsci/soe/problems/popudef.htm 14. http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1O6-populationgrowth.html 15. http://www.audioenglish.net/dictionary/population_growth.htm

Population situation of Pakistan

1. http://www.statpak.gov.pk/depts/pco/ 2. https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2002.html 3. http://www.oppapers.com/essays/Population-Policy-Pakistan/1043804. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan#Demographics 5. http://www.photius.com/countries/pakistan/society/

pakistan_society_population.html6. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demographics_of_Pakistan#cite_note-cia.gov-5 7. http://www.opf.org.pk/opd/yearbk/YEARBK.pdf 8. http://www.census.gov/cgi-bin/ipc/idbsprd 9. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan#Demographics10. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demographics_of_Pakistan#cite_note-cia.gov-5 11. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethnic_groups_in_Pakistan 12. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan#Demographics 13. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demographics_of_Pakistan#cite_note-cia.gov-5 14. http://finance.gov.pk/survey/chapter_10/10_Education.pdf