Population GeographyPopulation Geography

Population Growth, Distribution, Population Growth, Distribution, and Densityand Density

POPULATION

> It took until the year 1850 for the world to have a population of one billion. We will have over 9 billion by 2050.

By the year 2000, the world went over six billion!http://www.peterrussell.dreamhosters.com/Odds/WorldClock.php

> There are over 1 billion people in both China and in India, and India is catching up to China fast!!!

World and Country Population World and Country Population TotalsTotals

Distribution and Structure: 3/4 of people live on 5% of Distribution and Structure: 3/4 of people live on 5% of earth's surface!earth's surface!

Total: 6,400,000,000 as of 3/04/04 Total: 6,400,000,000 as of 3/04/04 (Real Time Pop Clock)(Real Time Pop Clock)

Five most populous regions and countriesFive most populous regions and countries

REGIONREGION POPULATIONPOPULATION COUNTRYCOUNTRYPOPULATIONPOPULATION

East AsiaEast Asia 1.5 billion1.5 billion ChinaChina 1.254 billion1.254 billion

S.AsiaS.Asia 1.2 billion1.2 billion IndiaIndia 986 million986 million EuropeEurope 750 million750 million U.S. U.S. 274 million274 million SE AsiaSE Asia 500 million500 million IndonesiaIndonesia 206 million206 million East N. A.East N. A. 120 million120 million BrazilBrazil 168 million168 million

Geographical StatisticsGeographical Statistics

The The birthratebirthrate is the is the number of live births number of live births per thousand per thousand population.population.

The highest birthrate The highest birthrate is in Niger.is in Niger.

Geographical StatisticsGeographical Statistics

The The fertility ratefertility rate shows the average shows the average number of children a number of children a woman of woman of childbearing years will childbearing years will have in her lifetime.have in her lifetime.

The worldwide fertility The worldwide fertility rate is 3.0.rate is 3.0.

Doubling TimesDoubling TimesThe doubling time is the number of years before a population will be twice as large as it is today.

World = 50U.S. = 34MDC = 543LDC = 40Honduras = 22Belize = 19Denmark = 700Russia = never?

Growth Rate

Doubling Time

(% per Year)

in Years

0.1 700

0.5 140

1 70

2 35

3 23

4 18

5 14

6 12

7 10

10 7

Fertility RatesFertility Rates2.1 is generally regarded as a replacement rate (the rate at which a population neither grows nor shrinks) in the developed world. In less developed countries this rate should be higher (2.8?).

Iran 4.7 Mexico2.57USA 2.0 Haiti4.3Italy 1.2 India3.0Russia 1.3 China 1.82

Why do women choose to have so many children in some countries and not it others? High infant mortality No Social Security Cultural preferences and fashion

Geographic StatisticsGeographic Statistics

The The mortality ratemortality rate, or , or death rate, is the death rate, is the number of deaths per number of deaths per thousand people.thousand people.

Nations with high Nations with high mortality rates often mortality rates often have a large number have a large number of elderly people.of elderly people.

Geographic StatisticsGeographic Statistics

The The infant mortality infant mortality raterate shows the shows the number of deaths number of deaths among infants under among infants under age one per thousand age one per thousand live births.live births.

To find out the rate of To find out the rate of population growth, population growth, subtract the mortality subtract the mortality rate from the birthrate.rate from the birthrate.

Population DistributionPopulation Distribution

Not all of the earth is suitable for human Not all of the earth is suitable for human habitation. Ex: Tundra, desert, rain forest.habitation. Ex: Tundra, desert, rain forest.

Almost 90% of the Earth’s population lives Almost 90% of the Earth’s population lives in the Northern Hemisphere. in the Northern Hemisphere.

One in four people lives in East Asia, and One in four people lives in East Asia, and one half of the World’s population lives in one half of the World’s population lives in East or South Asia.East or South Asia.

Habitable LandsHabitable Lands

Habitable lands Habitable lands include lands that can include lands that can support a dense support a dense human population.human population.

Weather is warm and Weather is warm and wet enough to wet enough to support agriculture.support agriculture.

Concentrated along Concentrated along coasts and river coasts and river valleys.valleys.

Urban-Rural Mix:Urban-Rural Mix:

More than half of the More than half of the world’s population lives world’s population lives in rural areas.in rural areas.

There are 26 giant There are 26 giant cities, or megacities, cities, or megacities, home to more than 250 home to more than 250 million people total.million people total.

Tokyo is the largest Tokyo is the largest with 28 million with 28 million inhabitantsinhabitants

MigrationMigration

MigrationMigration refers to the large-scale refers to the large-scale movement of people from one location to movement of people from one location to another.another.

Reasons for migration are called push-pull Reasons for migration are called push-pull factors.factors.Push factorsPush factors: reasons that cause people to : reasons that cause people to

leave leave Pull factorsPull factors: draw or attract people to another : draw or attract people to another

location.location.

Population DensityPopulation Density

To understand how To understand how heavily populated an heavily populated an area is, geographers area is, geographers use a figure called use a figure called population densitypopulation density..

It refers to the It refers to the average number of average number of people who live in a people who live in a measurable area, like measurable area, like a square mile.a square mile.

Population DensityPopulation Density

Number can be misleading, especially in Number can be misleading, especially in large nations. Ex: United States has a large nations. Ex: United States has a population density of 70.3 people per population density of 70.3 people per square mile.square mile.

Alaska has a population density of one Alaska has a population density of one person per square mile, while New Jersey person per square mile, while New Jersey has 1,098 people per square mile.has 1,098 people per square mile.

Carrying CapacityCarrying Capacity

Another component of Another component of population density is population density is carrying capacity.carrying capacity.

Refers to number of Refers to number of organisms a piece of organisms a piece of land can support.land can support.

Carrying CapacityCarrying Capacity

Factors that affect carrying capacity:Factors that affect carrying capacity:Fertile SoilFertile SoilTechnologyTechnologyWealthWealth IndustryIndustry

Rates of Natural Increase

Infant Mortality

Population PyramidsPopulation Pyramidsa.k.a.a.k.a.

Population DiagramsPopulation DiagramsPopulation StructuresPopulation Structures

Age-Sex DiagramsAge-Sex DiagramsAge-Sex StructuresAge-Sex StructuresAge-Sex PyramidsAge-Sex Pyramids

Population PyramidPopulation Pyramid

Another way to analyze populations is to Another way to analyze populations is to use a population pyramid.use a population pyramid.

A A population pyramidpopulation pyramid is a graphic device is a graphic device that shows sex and age distribution of a that shows sex and age distribution of a populationpopulationAllows geographers the ability to analyze the Allows geographers the ability to analyze the

effects of wars, famines, or epidemics on a effects of wars, famines, or epidemics on a populationpopulation

High,High, SlowSlow && NegativeNegative GrowthGrowth

Developed vs DevelopingDeveloped vs Developinghttp://www.zo.utexas.edu/faculty/sjasper/images/3509b.jpghttp://www.zo.utexas.edu/faculty/sjasper/images/3509b.jpg

Population Pyramid for the US:Population Pyramid for the US:

Population Pyramid for Nigeria:Population Pyramid for Nigeria:

Look at what else one can Look at what else one can ‘see’ in these diagrams‘see’ in these diagrams

What does a ‘Baby Boom’ look like over What does a ‘Baby Boom’ look like over time?time?

http://www.nd.edu/~dmyers/courses/old/102au00/bb.jpghttp://www.nd.edu/~dmyers/courses/old/102au00/bb.jpg

How will the population growth of the world and the USA affect you?