“port security awareness”
TRANSCRIPT
“Port Security AwAreneSS”
HAndbook
Part 1 – Introduction 1- Theobjectiveofthishandbook 1- Howtousethishandbook? 1
Part 2 – Threats to the maritime security 2- Commonthreatswithinthemaritimeindustry 2- Whyareshipsandportfacilitiessensitivetocriminalactivities 4- Techniquestocircumventsecuritymeasures 5- HowcanYou,asaportemployee,helptopreventillegalsituations! 5
Part 3 – Dangerous goods, and products which may be used for illegal activities i.e. terrorism 6- Recognisedangerousgoods 6- Recognisedangerous(illegal)items 8
•Bombsandexplosives 8•Weapons 9
- WhichactioncanYou,asaportemployee,undertake! 9
Part 4 – The Port Facility Security Plan 10- Thedefinitionofthethreatlevelsandconsequenttherequirements. 10- TheobjectivesofthePortFacilitySecurityPlan 11- Meansofcommunication 11- Whatisyourtask,asaportemployee 11
Part 5 – Fitting security measures 12- Recognisesuspectbehaviour 12- Recognisesuspectcontainers 13- Reportsuspectbehaviourand/orsuspectactivities 14- Fittingmeasures 15 Accesscontrol 15 Securityrounds 15 Illumination 15- Evacuation,crowdcontrol 15- WhatisYourinput,asaportemployee 15
“Security Awareness Quiz” 16
Table of contents
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WhatwillYoureadinthispart:- Theobjectiveofthishandbook- Howtousethishandbook?
The objective of this handbookThishandbookhasbeencreatedforallpeoplelegallyactivewithintheportand/oronaportfacility.
Thishandbookaimstoclarifythenecessityofaproperportsecurityasde-scribedwithintheregulation725/2004andthedirective2005/65andtopov-ideinformationtothereaderabout:
- Maritimesecuritythreats- Recognisedangerousgoodsanddangerousproductswhichmaybeusedfor
terroristactivities- Factsabouttheportfacilitysecurityplan- Fittingsecuritymeasures- Recognisepersonsandtechniqueswhoandwhichareaimedatcircumvent-
ingsecuritymeasuresandmightposeathreat.
How to use this handbookReaditattentivelyatleastonceandsubsequentlyanswerthequestionsfromthequiz.YoumayconfirmhavingreadandunderstoodthehandbookbyenteringnameanddateonthebottomofthequizandsentthecompletedformtothePortFacilityOfficer.
Whenindoubtaboutcertainaspectsofthishandbook,thePortFacilityOfficercanprovidethenecessaryanswers.
CoordinatesPFSO
Name:Tel:Mob:E-mail:
PArT 1/InTroDucTIon
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common threats within the maritime industry
Theft of cargo, pilferage and petty theft:
TheyearlylossofrevenueduetotheftcanamountuptoseveralmillionsofEuro’s.People,gainingillegalaccesstotheportfacilitymaywellstealpersonaleffectsfromthepeopleactiveonthefacility(docklabour,stevedores….).Money,mobilephonesandotherelectronicdevices,identitycards…etc.,butalsoportfacilityequipmentanddocuments.CargotheftorpilferagehasanegativeinfluenceonthereputationofYourport,whichmayhaveanimpactonchoicesmadeforaspecificport.Pettytheftanpilferagemayalsocomefrompeopleactuallyhavingalegaljobintheport.
Stowaways:
Stowawaystrytogetonboardofashipinordertoreachthecountry“oftheirdreams”.Whenastowawayisfoundonboardofavessel,theshippingcompanyoperat-ingthatvesselwillbeheldresponsible.Itisessentialthattheportfacilitypaysduevigilanceduringcargooperationswithshipswhicharesensitivetosuchillegalactions.
Smuggling:
Yourfacilitymayeventuallybeusedtoship/dischargeillicitdrugs,stolengoods,weapons…etc.Itisaknownfactthatterroristorganisationsusethevastnessofthemaritimeindustrytotransporttheirgoods.
WhatwillYoureadinthispart:- Commonthreatswithinthemaritimeindustry- Whyareshipsandportfacilitiessensitivetocriminalactivities- Techniquestocircumventsecuritymeasures- HowcanYou,asaportemployee, helptopreventillegalsituations!
PArT 2/THreATS To THe mArITIme SecurITy
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Forwhateverfinalaim,smugglingisadubiousactivitywithanegativeimpactonthereputationoftheport.
Sabotage:
Actioncarriedoutbyonepersonoragroupofpersonswiththepurposeofdamagingtheportand/oraportfacility.
Internally:- sabotagebyadisgruntledmemberofpersonnel- Personnelfromsub-contractorswhogainaccesstosystemsand/orproce-
dureswhichmaybeusedforlaterillegalactivityonthesite.
Externally:- Terroristsmayuseaportfacilityasabasetocarryoutaraidonashiporon
another(moresensitive)portfacility.
Terrorism:
Thereareoverahundreddefinitionsof“Terrorism”,butthisoneisrathergood:
“The use or intended use of violence against persons or material for ideological or political reasons, with the aim to reach its goal through terror, intimidation or threats.”
Terrorismisapotentialthreattothemaritimeindustry,becauseshipsand/orportfacilitiesmaybeusedto:
> Hideexplosivesinthecargo> Smuggleterroristsand/orweaponstotheintendedtarget> Causeeconomicand/orenvironmentaldamagetotheport> Takehostages> Serveasadiversionforatargetatanotherlocation> Stealdangerousgoodsfortheproductionofexplosives
Allmentionedthreatswilladditionallycauseaggression,vandalismandintimi-dation.
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Thereareatleastfourwayshowaportfacilitymaybeaffectedbyactsofterrorism:1. Thefacilityisthetargetofaterroristoraterroristorganisation2. Thefacility(dangerousgoods,products)maybeusedasatoolforanat-
temptatanotherlocation.3. Thefacilitylosesrevenuethroughterroristactivityinthevicinity4. Thefacilitymaybeinfiltratedbyradicalisedpersonnel.
Why are ships and port facilities sensitive to criminal activities?
Theglobalplayingfieldandtheimmensequantityofgoodshandledareanat-tractionpoleforcriminalactivityandpossibleterrorismalike.> Portfacilities,evenproperlysecuredasdefinedbytheregulation,arebigsur-
facesinwhichahighquantityofgoodsandpeoplemovearound.> Portfacilitiesandshipsmaybeseenas“symbols”ofa“higher”classorasin-
strumentsof“superpowers”andassuch,formapossibletarget.> Noteverysinglepieceofcargoischecked,noratdeparturenoratarrival.> Aportisaconcentrationofmanypeople,butmainlyagreatamountofgood(of
whicharespectablepartiddangerous).
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Techniques to circumvent security measures
Criminalsandterroristswilltrytocircumventthesecuritymeasuresby:
> Hangaroundinthevicinityofthefacilityinordertoobservepersonnelmovementsandprocedures.
> Gaininginformationaboutthefacility.Thiscanbedonebytakingpictures,drawingoutplansand/oraskingquestionstopersonnel.
> Claimingtobepersonnelorasub-contractorinordertogainaccesstothefacility
> Sabotagingaccesspoints(gates,doors,fencing)atremotespots.> Telephoneand/ormailpersonnelinordertogaininformationaboutsecu-
rityproceduresonthefacility.> Posingsuspectpackagesinordertochecktheresponseofthepersonnel.> Tryingtodrivealongwithtrucksdeliveringcargoorsub-contractors….> …
How can you, as a port employee, help to prevent illegal situations!
Activelyparticipatewithinanoperationalportsecurity,includingregulardrills.Aproper“securityawareness”isessentialtoprotectthefacilityandtheper-sonnelagainstcriminaland/orterroristactivities
wHAt cAn you do: ! Report security equipment failures (lightning, gates,
fences, cctv…) The PFSO is responsible for prop-erly maintaining and repairing this equipment.
! Recognise suspect and threatening situations and report to the PFSO
! Avoid illegal access to the facility by consequently keeping doors and gates which should be locked, that way.
! Do not hesitate to ask the PFSO for further guidance.
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PArT 3/DAngerouS gooDS, AnD ProDucTS WHIcH mAy be uSeD For IllegAl AcTIvITIeS I.e. TerrorISm
WhatwillYoureadinthispart:- Recognisedangerousgoods- Recognisedangerous(illegal)items- Bombsandexplosives- Weapons- WhichactioncanYou,beingactiveintheport,undertake!
recognise dangerous goods
Certaindangerousgoods,whetherinbulkorpacked(crates,barrels,pallets,containers)requireextravigilanceforthosehandlingthesegoods.
Thesedangerousgoodsmay,inthewronghands,beusedasaweapon,eitherformakingexplosives,eithertocauseharmtopeopleortoinstigateenviron-mentaldamage(whichisalsoeconomicdamage).
Themaritimeindustryhandlesahugeamountofdangerousgoods(HAZMAT=HazardousMaterials).Thesegoodsmustbelabelled.Forsomemoresensitivematerials,aspecifictrainingisrequired.Whenindoubtaskyoursuperiortoproperlyinformyouwhetherthereareanyspecificrequirements.
Havedueattentionforstrangersinthevicinityofthesegoods,andalwaysweartherequiredprotectiveclothingandequipment.AlwayswarnthePFSOwhensuspectpeopleand/orsituationsareobservedinthevicinityofdangerousgoods.(seealsopart5)
“Rule of thumb; If You cannot identify the item, report it.
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class 1Explosives
class 4.2SpontaneouslyCombustibleSolids
class 7 Radioactive
class 2.1FlammableGas
class 4.3DangerouswhenWet
7Fissile
class 2.2Nonflamma-bleGas
class 5.1OxidizingAgent
class 8Corrosive
class 2.3PoisonousGas
class 5.2OrganicPeroxideOxidizingAgent
class 9Miscellaneous
class 3FlammableLiquids
class 6.1Poison
PMarinePollutant
class 4.1FlammableSolids
class 6.2Biohazard
1. Explosives:maybefixed,liquidorgas.Theseproductsmayexplodethroughshockorfriction,thusnotonlybyignitionthroughfireorspark.Fireworksareaanexamplethatiscommonlytransportedbycontainer.
2. Flammablegasses,suchasLPG.3. Flammableliquids,suchasPetrol.4. Fixedflammableproducts,someofwhichmayignitespontaneouslyoreven
throughcontactwithwater.5. Oxidisinggoods,maycombinedwithaflammableproduct,formanexplo-
sivemixture(AmmoniumNitrateisanoxidisingproduct)6. Poisonousgoods,maycausebodilyharmthroughoralintake,inhalationor
skincontact.7. Radioactivegoods8. Corrosivegoodscanaffectotherproductsandcausesevereburnstohu-
mans.Inhalationofthefumesisalsoverydangerous.9. Diversegoods,notclassedinoneoftheabove,butwhichconstitutearisk.
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recognise dangerous (illegal) items:
Bombs, explosives IED (Improvise explosive device)
Anyitem,package,luggage,whichstandsoutorislocatedwhereitdoesnotbelong,shouldbeconsideredassuspect.
Theseobjectswillbeplacednear:- Publicplaces,becausetheyareeasilyaccessibleanddisposingofthepack-
agehaslesschanceofbeingnoticed- Placeswhereamaximumofdamagecanbecaused,nearmessrooms,inthe
vicinityofdangerousgoods
Attheleastdoubt,contactthePFSOforfurtherinstructions.
WhatYoushouldn’tdo:> Stayneartheobject> Useyourcellphone,Walkie-Talkieorothertransmittingdeviceinthevi-
cinityoftheobject.> Touchorremovetheobjecttoanotherlocation
ThePFSOwillalerttheauthorities,whowilltakefurtheractionasappropriate.MakesurethatYouarefamiliarwiththefacility’sevacuationprocedures.
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Weapons
WithintheEU,lawsandregulationsconcerningthecarriageofweaponsisverystrict.Formostweapons,alicenseisneededtoowntheweapon.Some(automatic)weaponsaredefinitelyforbidden.InmostEUcountriesonlythepolice,themilitaryandsomeprivatesecurity(moneytransport)areallowedtocarryaweapon.AskyourPFSOwhichlawsareapplicable.People,notbelongingtooneoftheabove,maybeassumedtoposeathreat.
Weaponsinclude:- Firearms,automaticweapons,handguns…- Knives,daggers,throwingstars…..- Explosives(grenades..)
wHicH Action cAn you, AS A Port emPloyee, undertAke!
!Know which kind of cargo is a normal commodity in Your facility
! Immediately report suspect items
! Report people carrying forbidden weapons (almost everybody except the police)
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PArT 4/THe PorT FAcIlITy SecurITy PlAn
WhatwillYoureadinthispart:- Thedefinitionofthethreatlevelsandconsequenttherequirements.- TheobjectivesofthePortFacilitySecurityPlan- Meansofcommunication- Whatisyourtask,asaportemployee,intheport.
The definition of the threat levels and consequent requirements:
• Security level 1:meansthelevelforwhichminimumappropriateprotec-tivesecuritymeasuresshallbemaintainedatalltimes.
• Security level 2:meansthelevelforwhichappropriateadditionalprotec-tivesecuritymeasuresshallbemaintainedforaperiodoftimeasaresultofheightenedriskofasecurityincident.
• Security level 3:meansthelevelforwhichfurtherspecificprotective
securitymeasuresshallbemaintainedforalimitedperiodoftimewhenasecurityincidentisprobableorimminent,althoughitmaynotbepossibletoidentifythespecifictarget.
Level1isnotintendedtoactuallystopaterrorist,butitwillturnthetarget(Youportfacility)intoahardertarget.Apotentialterroristwillhavetopre-parealotmoreandeventuallyspendmoreintheprocess.Thisincreasestheexposureandthepossibilityofbeingnoticebytheintelligencecommunity.
Level1istheeverydaylevel.ThedecisiontoincreasethelevelistakenbytheNationalAuthorityresponsibleforportfacilitysecurityandportsecurity.Onthreatlevels2and3,thesecurityeffortsaregraduallyincreasedandanactiveparticipationfromtheauthoritiesisincluded.
Thethreethreatlevelsarethecommondenominatorthroughouttheportfacil-itysecurityplan.
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level 1
level 2
level 3
minimum set of fitting security procedures and measures.
Additional security procedures and measures during increased threat.
Strict security measures in case of imminent, concrete threat.
The objectives of the port facility security plan
> Ensurefittingaccesscontrolprocedures> Improveandfollow-upsecurityonthesite> Protectemployeesandvisitors> Protecttheshipsmooredalongside> Protecttheportfacilityandtheequipment> Protectthecargo
ItisimportanttobeawareofthesecuritylevelatwhichYourportfacilityisoperating!
means of communication
Theportfacilityhasthenecessarymeanstoalarmandcommunicateduringanincreasedthreatlevel.
Communicationsystems:> Telephone> Cellphone> E-mail> Signals> Walkie-talkie> Loudhailer(forsmallerfacilities)
! Know the security level of the facility
! Know your tasks at each security level
! If You are unsure about Your tasks or You have a question, contact the PFSO.
While carrying out Your normal tasks, You should be attentive for unusual (suspect) items and/or per-sons at your professional location.
Ensure that the material with which You are working is in a good condi-tion, and that the necessary checks are being carried out.
wHAt iS your tASk, AS A Port emPloyee
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PArT 5/FITTIng SecurITy meASureS
WhatwillYoureadinthispart:- Recognisesuspectbehaviour- Recognisesuspectcontainers- Reportsuspectbehaviourand/orsuspectactivities- Fittingmeasures- Accesscontrol- Securityrounds- Illumination- Evacuation,crowdcontrol- WhatisYourinput,beingactiveintheport
recognise suspect behaviour
Followingelementsmaybeconsideredsuspectbehaviour
> Wideclothingnotappropriatetotheseason/weatherconditions> purposefullyadaptingtheclotheswhenbeing observed> Suspectformswithintheclothing(hiddenweapon)> takingpicturesofthefacility,drawingplans, observing> Aimingtoavoidthesecuritysystem> Aimingtogetaccesstothefacility> Questioningpeopleaboutthesecuritymeasures> Anyactivitywhichdoesnotfitinthenormalprofessionalpatternofthe
area
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recognise suspect containers
Therearealreadyinternationalinitiativesinplacetotracksuspectcontainers,butthisdoesnotmeanthatalertnessissuperfluous.
Youcanhelpbyreportingsuspectcontainersbywatchingfor
> Unusualsmelland/orsounds> Tracesoffoodand/ordomesticrubbishinthevicinity
ofthecontainer> Holesinthecontaineroradhesivetapeonthe container(hidingholes)> Containernumbersthatdoesnotmatchthemanifest> WrongHAZMATlabelforthedeclaredcargo> Sealmissingordamaged
HAZmAt lAbel
Here Here
And/or
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report suspect behaviour and/or suspect activities
Withinportareas,thePFSO’sshouldreportsecurityincidentstotheauthori-ties.Suspectpersonsorcarsnoticedtoday,mayalreadyhavebeennoticedbeforeandgiverisetoestablishingapattern.Properandtimelyinformationbytheportfacilitiesishelpingauthoritiestoidentifyandprosecuteillegalactivities.
WheneverYouareunderwaytoorfromtheportfacility,itmayhappenthatyouobservesomethingsuspect(evenanabandonedcar),reportthistotheauthorities.
Whenindoubtwhileobservingpeoplebehavingsuspiciously,alwaysthinkaboutYourownsafetyfirst.Whenthepersondoesnotbelongonthefacility,alertthesecurityguardsand/orthePFSO.WhenthesituationissafeYoumayinquireabouttheperson’sbusiness.Attheleastsignofunrulinessrefrainfrominsistingandtakeadistance.WhenYouhaveacolleaguenearby,itisgoodpractisetoaskhim/hertoob-servefromsomedistance.
tiP In case it is safe to inquire about the person’s business, remain calm
and ask open ended questions.
Example: - Good Question: Where do you come from?- Bad Question: Are you coming from (name of ship)?
In the bad question, the answer may simply be “yes”, leaving no room for further questions without raising suspicion.
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Fitting measures
Access control> Supervisionofdoorsandgates> Identitychecks> Checkofluggage,toolboxes,...> Reportlostaccessidentificationcards
Security rounds> Supervisiononthekey,warehousingandatship’sberth> Checkremoteplacesonthefacilitywhichmaybehidingplaces> Beclearlypresentandalert
Lighting> Aproperlightingonthewholefacilityisaverygooddeterentforillegal
activity.
evacuation, crowd control
Theportfacilityhasevacuationprocedures> Knowtheemergencyexitsandanalternativeroute> Incaseofalarm,proceedpromptlytoyourallocatedassemblingpoint> Remaincalm,reactpromptlyandhelpsyourcolleagueswhenrequired> Donotreturnunlessclearlyallowedbytheauthoritiesandthefacility’s
management.
wHAt iS your inPut AS A Port emPloyee
!While carrying out Your normal tasks, You should be attentive for unusual (suspect) items and/or persons at your professional location.
!Ensure that the material with which You are working is in a good condition, and that the necessary checks are being carried out.
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Right or wrong:
1. Stowaways,sabotageandterrorismarecommonthreats
inthemaritimeindustry. Y/N
2. Portfacilitiesarepossibleterroristtargets. Y/N
3. Somecargomaybeharmfultopeopleand/ortheenvironment Y/N
4. Terrorismisacriminaloffensewithapoliticalpurpose. Y/N
5. Allportfacilitiesarewellprotectedagainstactsofterrorism. Y/N
6. Criminalsmaygatherinformationbyaskingquestions
andtakingpictures. Y/N
7. Explosivesandpetroleumproductsaredangerous. Y/N
8. Itisadvisablethatyouremoveanysuspectpackage
toasafelocation. Y/N
9. Thesecuritylevelsarethecommondenominator
forthePortFacilitySecurityPlan. Y/N
10.ThePFSPofyourfacilitydescribesthesecurity
tasksandtheresponsibilities. Y/N
11.Youneedtobeawareofthecurrentsecuritylevel. Y/N
12.Incaseofabombthreat,searchoperations
areonlycarriedoutbytheemployees. Y/N
13.Suspectsituationsmaybe,unadaptedclothing,
uncommonactivitiesinthedock. Y/N
14.Containerarealwayssafe,astheyareallinspected. Y/N
15.Yourdiscreetpresenceisanaddedvalueforsecurity. Y/N
16.Yousmellanunusualaroma,almostlikealmonds,
doyoucallthePFSO? Y/N
17.Darknessscaresthieves. Y/N
“Security Awareness” Quiz
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Describe:
confirmAtion “Security AwAreneSS”Ihavereadandunderstoodthe“securityawarenesshandbook”.Ihaveansweredthe20questionscorrectly.
Facility:.........................................................................................
Signatureemployee: date:..................
PFSO: date:..................
18.SecurityLevel1:
19. SecurityLevel2:
20. SecurityLevel3:
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EDITORS Editorial Staff: Rik Verhaegen – Kathy DuaHarbour Master’s Offi ce Safety and SecurityPort of Antwerp2012