portavin integrated wine services a bottling perspective on taints and contributors to variation

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A Bottling Perspective on A Bottling Perspective on Taints and Contributors to Taints and Contributors to VariationVariation


DefinitionsDefinitions

Wine Taints & VariabilityWine Taints & Variability Differences or changes in the Differences or changes in the

chemical structure of a wine when chemical structure of a wine when compared to a reference, and compared to a reference, and detected by sensory and laboratory detected by sensory and laboratory analysis.analysis.

Contributing FactorsContributing Factors Factors that may contribute to Factors that may contribute to

chemical change within a wine chemical change within a wine sample.sample.


OverviewOverview

Contributing FactorsContributing Factors Primary PackagingPrimary Packaging Bottling LineBottling Line Rate of BottlingRate of Bottling Wine PreparationWine Preparation StorageStorage


Primary PackagingPrimary Packaging

Contamination of primary Contamination of primary packaging can strongly influence packaging can strongly influence the development of taints – the development of taints – direct direct contactcontact..

An approach of risk minimisation An approach of risk minimisation can be implemented.can be implemented.



GlassGlass– ContaminationContamination – microbiological, – microbiological,

particulate, moisture.particulate, moisture.– Existence can contribute to taints.Existence can contribute to taints.– Primary causes – compromised packaging, Primary causes – compromised packaging,

production and storage environment, re-production and storage environment, re-use of open pallets.use of open pallets.

– Risk reduction – rinsing and inversion, Risk reduction – rinsing and inversion, reject non conforming goods, suitable reject non conforming goods, suitable storage conditions.storage conditions.

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Glass - continuedGlass - continued– QualityQuality – adherence to specification – adherence to specification

– shape.– shape.– Influences integrity of seal between Influences integrity of seal between

glass and machine – exposure to glass and machine – exposure to differing conditions.differing conditions.

– Reject non conforming stock, wine Reject non conforming stock, wine handling procedures.handling procedures.



ClosuresClosures– CorkCork – natural product, some level of – natural product, some level of

taint and variation may result.taint and variation may result.– Screw Caps – contamination in Screw Caps – contamination in

production and storage is possible.production and storage is possible.– Quality – ability to reduce rate of O2 Quality – ability to reduce rate of O2

diffusion and adherence to diffusion and adherence to specification.specification.


Bottling LineBottling Line

MaterialsMaterials– potential for taint development through potential for taint development through

interaction with the product - bottling interaction with the product - bottling components & chemical inputs.components & chemical inputs.

– Risk Reduction – QA systems.Risk Reduction – QA systems.

Rinsing SystemsRinsing Systems – Water Quality – microbiological & chemical Water Quality – microbiological & chemical

contamination.contamination.– Risk Reduction – water treatment systems Risk Reduction – water treatment systems

and hygiene practices.and hygiene practices.



Filling SystemsFilling Systems– Hygiene & sanitation – control of Hygiene & sanitation – control of

microbiological and chemical microbiological and chemical contaminants.contaminants.

– Mechanical and Manufacturing – Mechanical and Manufacturing – correct operation & residual correct operation & residual contaminants.contaminants.

– Risk Reduction – effective cleaning Risk Reduction – effective cleaning & maintenance programs, & maintenance programs, monitoring, training programs.monitoring, training programs.



Gas InjectionGas Injection– Quality – possible contribution to Quality – possible contribution to

taint.taint.– Hygiene – contaminated gas tubes.Hygiene – contaminated gas tubes.– Correct operation – function and seal Correct operation – function and seal

integrity.integrity.– Risk Reduction – gas filtration, Risk Reduction – gas filtration,

cleaning regimes (CIP), monitoring cleaning regimes (CIP), monitoring systems.systems.



Closure SystemsClosure Systems– Vacuum & Gas Injection – microbial Vacuum & Gas Injection – microbial

and residue contamination, and residue contamination, operation.operation.

– Risk Reduction – cleaning Risk Reduction – cleaning procedures (CIP), monitoring.procedures (CIP), monitoring.


Rate of BottlingRate of Bottling

Two Main Effects:Two Main Effects:

1.1. Governs time of exposure to factors Governs time of exposure to factors influencing taint production.influencing taint production.

2.2. Governs length of time product is exposed Governs length of time product is exposed to variable conditions.to variable conditions.

– Changes in the rate of bottling have the potential Changes in the rate of bottling have the potential to contribute to chemical differences in wine to contribute to chemical differences in wine throughout a batch.throughout a batch.


Rate of Bottling - FactorsRate of Bottling - Factors

Dry GoodsDry Goods– Glass – seal between glass and machine, Glass – seal between glass and machine,

breakage, labelling.breakage, labelling.– Corks – dust generation – assisted by vac Corks – dust generation – assisted by vac

corking.corking.– Screw Caps – damaged or out of Screw Caps – damaged or out of

specification.specification.– Caps, labels, cartons – out of specification Caps, labels, cartons – out of specification

– accumulation reduces impact.– accumulation reduces impact.– Bottling Line – breakdowns.Bottling Line – breakdowns.



FiltrationFiltration Wine clarity (turbidity) to suit filtration Wine clarity (turbidity) to suit filtration

grade.grade.

Blockage may contribute to – Blockage may contribute to – – Exposure of wine to different conditions – Exposure of wine to different conditions –

eg pressure.eg pressure.– Force through – differing chemical Force through – differing chemical

composition.composition.– Stoppages.Stoppages.



Turbidity vs Pressure Differential

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

4.5

5

5.5

6

6.5

7

7.5

8

8.5

9

9.5

Filter Pressure Differential (bar)

Tu

rbid

ity N

TU

Turbidity Out


Wine Handling & PreparationWine Handling & Preparation

WineWine– Pre-bottling additions – uneven Pre-bottling additions – uneven

distribution of additive.distribution of additive.– Ullage cover – gas covered Ullage cover – gas covered

headspace – dissolved Oheadspace – dissolved O22 variation. variation.

– Risk Reduction – mixing, follow up Risk Reduction – mixing, follow up analysis, sampling practices.analysis, sampling practices.


Wine Handling & PreparationWine Handling & Preparation


StorageStorage

Storage ConditionsStorage Conditions– Maintain temperatures to Maintain temperatures to

specification – rates of thermal gain specification – rates of thermal gain and loss – possible contribution to and loss – possible contribution to taint.taint.


Static & Mobile Bottling ServicesStatic & Mobile Bottling Services Wine Warehousing and Wine Warehousing and

DistributionDistribution Bulk Wine Storage and HandlingBulk Wine Storage and Handling Laboratory ServicesLaboratory Services Dry Good SupplyDry Good Supply

portavin integrated wine services a bottling perspective on taints and contributors to variation

Documents

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wine handling procedures

variation slide

bottling perspective

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risk reduction gas filtration

chemical contaminants