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PortugalBy: Mary Feit, Oscar Juarez, Brenda Martinez and Xochytl Nuez1Objective one: what led to European Exploration Desire for new sources of wealth (main reason)Trade of spices and luxury goods from AsiaIntroduced during the crusades fought between Christians and MuslimsAfter the crusades Europeans still wanted spices 2Europeans Seeking New Trades RoutesDesire for new sources of wealth main reason for exploration.Trade of spices and other luxury goods from Asia was what merchants and traders hoped to profit from.Types of spices demanded were; nutmeg, ginger, cinnamon, and pepper because they added flavor to food.

Asians Muslims Italians Other Europeans3Early Portuguese explorerThe first European to sail around the southernmost tip of AfricaSet sail in 1487His voyage opened the saw route to Asia through the Atlantic & Indian OceanHe was the last at sea when he reached the Cape of Good HopeTo serve God and His Majesty to give light to those who are in darkness and to grow rich as all men desire to do.Bartolomeu Dias

4Christianity and ExplorationDesire to spread Christianity also motivated Europeans to exploreEuropean countries believed they were obliged to convert non-Christians around the worldNot only did they wants goods from Asia they also hoped to convert them. 5Objective Two: Portugals discovery of a sea route to AsiaPrince Henry took lead Began in 1415Where he helped conquer Muslim city in North Africa. Thats when it all started he got a glimpse at it and found gold and many more spices that he could use back at home.

6Prince HenryCalled the navigator, the son of Portugals King, Consumed by the quest to find new lands and spread Christianity Used his own fortune to organize voyagesHe died in debtThe Portuguese spent crown spent more than 60 years paying of his debts.Helped conquer the Muslim city of Ceuta in North Africa

7Vasco de GamaPortuguese explorerCommander of the first ships to sail directly from Europe to IndiaHe filled his ships with spices like pepper and cinnamon and returned in 1499His voyage of 27,000 miles gave Portugal a direct sea route to India

8Portugals Trading EmpirePortugal built a trading empire throughout the Indian OceanIn 1509, Portugal took control of the spice trade from the Muslim merchantsPortugal broke the old Muslim-Italian domination on trade from the East, to the benefit of the Europeans. Portuguese merchants brought back Asian goods at about one-fifth of the price compared to the cost when purchased through the Arabs and Italians. As a result, items were more affordable for more Europeans9Objective Three: the rivalry between Spain and Portugal and how the pope resolved itSpain was jealous of Portugal because of how advanced they were becoming. So they also wanted a direct route to Asia.Tried to compete in Africa and Asia but they couldnt then Columbus accidently found America. Portuguese were worried that Spain had found Asia and tensions got worsePope Alexander VI made the Treaty of Tordesillas

10Ferdinand MagellanPortuguese explorerHe worked under King Charles I of Spain to find a westward route to the Spice Islands.He led the first expedition to cross the Pacific Ocean and to circumnavigate the world.

11Treaty of TordesillasSigned on June 7, 1494. It divided all of the lands outside of Europe between Spain and Portugal. The line of demarcation was made halfway between the Cape Verde islands and the islands discovered by Christopher Columbus.

12Technology/Tools in ExplorationAdvance in technologyNew Vessel called Caravel adopted from the Arabs. Triangular sails for maneuverability and square sails for power.Used the astrolabe to better theirlocation and direction. A Chinese invention that Muslims perfected

13Portuguese in AfricaIn 1415, Prince Henry conquered the city of Ceuta in North AfricaIn Ceuta, the Portuguese found pepper, cinnamon, cloves, and other spices as well as gold, silver, and jewels. In 1460, the Portuguese had established trading posts along western Africas shores. Eventually, they began to trade African captives to be used as slaves14Portuguese in BrazilIn 1500, Cabral claimed the land of Brazil for Portugal.The colonists began settling Brazils costal region in the 1530s.The settlers began to grow sugar on giant sugar plantations.Europe had a high demand for sugarIn time, the colonists pushed farther west into Brazil, giving them even more land for the production of sugar.15

16Works Cited"Bartolomeu Dias." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 03 Apr. 2012. Web. 05 Mar. 2012. ."Prince Henry of Portugal." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 24 Feb. 2012. Web. 05 Mar. 2012. ."Vasco De Gama." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 03 Jan. 2012. Web. 05 Mar. 2012. ."Treaty of Tordesillas." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 21 Feb. 2012. Web. 05 Mar. 2012. ."Ferdinand Magellan." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 26 Feb. 2012. Web. 05 Mar. 2012. .Beck, Roger B. World History: Patterns of Interaction. Evanston, IL: McDougal Littell, 2009. Print.17