positive:negative observations a how to guide€¦ · positive:negative observations a how to...
TRANSCRIPT
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Positive:Negative Observations
A How To Guide
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Objectives
Understand why it is important to
gather & analyze +/- data
Understand who, when, and what you
should observe
Learn how to calculate IOA
Other tips
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The Question:
Are we doing it, and is it
working?
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Why Collect Data?
To establish a factual basis
for making decision
I think the
problem is …BECOMES
The data
indicates the
problem …
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There are little to
no positive
interactions and a
lot of demands
Ella is
“uncooperative” in
the morning.
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Who are we observing and
when should we do it?
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Taking Data on Who?
Staff
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Whole: Data collection on all
interactions present within the
environment
Isolated: Data collection focused
on one person (staff) in the
environment
Which staff do we focus on?
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High Risk
A setting where an individual is very likely
to engage in undesirable behavior
Settings
Low-Risk
A setting where an individual is likely to
engage in positive and “just okay”
desirable behavior
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What are we looking for?
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It’s so much more than what we say
“It’ll be okay”
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Stay Close Increasing interaction opportunities with
others by using specific skills
• Caring Facial Expression, Tone of
Voice, Body Language
• Touch if appropriate
• Ask positive Open-Ended
Questions
• Provide Empathy
• Give Encouragement
Positive Interactions
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Positive Consequences
Positive interactions occurring after a
desirable behavior
Beyond Tools of Choice
Positive, meaningful interactions• Things that show care for the person
• Person responds positively to
Positive Interactions
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Coercive, social worsening displayed by the
caregiver
Negative Interactions
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Coercions
Questioning*
Arguing
Sarcasm/Teasing
Lecture/Logic
Criticism
Despair
Force
Threats
Talking about Bad
Behavior
Take Away
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Using the Form
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• Fill in informational section*
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Data Collection Instructions
• Take data in 10 minute
increments
• Focus on staff interactions and
reactions to the individuals in
the environment (tally in
corresponding box)
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Observe and tally for 10
minutes
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PRACTICE
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Using Coercion
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Pivot on another
Person
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Checking for Reliability
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How to Calculate Agreement
Take the number of agreed upon interactions
divided by the highest number of interactions
scored.
Agreed Upon Interactions
Highest Number of Interactions
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How to calculate Agreed Upon
Interactions
Look at how close the scores align.
Observer 1:
Observer 2:
= 2
positives
agreed
upon
= 1
negative
agreed
upon
Total agreement= 3
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How to calculate highest
number of interactions
Use the largest number of total observed interactions.
Observer 1:
Observer 2:
5
3
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IOA Example
Observer 1:
Observer 2:
IOA= 3/5= 60%
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Practice Agreed Upon Interactions
Highest Number of Interactions
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Practice
Observer 1:
Observer 2:
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What to do if … & Tips
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Let’s talk about being a fly on the wall.
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Give Feedback at the End
At the end of the observation, give praise for what the staff/caregiver did well!
Practice alternatives for what did not go well.
For more information check out this webinar: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VmqLSewrh1M
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What-If’s
• Interruptions
• People enter or leave
• No one is awake, around during
your visit
• It has become emotionally
charged (Stay Close – HOT)
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How to determine the ratio of
positive to negatives:
-We are looking for at least
4:1 positive to negatives
- 8:1(ASSET Goal)
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Next Steps:
Contact your Regional Agency Tiered
Supports Consultant to schedule your
in person competency session.
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Questions? Contact us!
Cana Poteet
Agency Tiered Support Consultant
Rhiannon Evans, M.S., ABA
Statewide Targeted Prevention Coordinator