Post Civil War

RECONSTRUCTION

• Lost 260,000 men in war

• $1 billion war debt

• Inflation 7000% (1864)

• Lost 360,000 men in war

• $2.3 billion war debt

• Inflation 182% (1864)

COSTS OF WAR

Union Confederacy

Inflation: a rise in prices caused by a decrease in the value of money

ABRAHAM LINCOLN

Before Civil War After Civil War

THIRTEENTH AMENDMENT

• Passed 1865

• Abolished slavery and involuntary servitude in the U.S.

ASSASSINATION OF PRESIDENT LINCOLN

• April 14, 1865

• Ford’s Theatre

• John Wilkes Booth- actor & Southern sympathizer shot and killed Lincoln

PROBLEMS

1. How to restore the Southern states to the Union

2. How to integrate approximately 4 million newly freed African-Americans into national life

ANDREW JOHNSON

• Succeeded Abraham Lincoln as president

• Initially endorsed harsh punishment for the rebellion’s leaders

RADICAL REPUBLICANS

• Minority of Republicans opposed to Lincoln’s Reconstruction Plan

• Led by Thaddeus Stevens

• Wanted African Americans to be given full citizenship and the right to vote

RECONSTRUCTION (1865-1877)

• the period during which the US began to rebuild after the Civil War

• process the federal government used to readmit the Confederate states

RECONSTRUCTION (1865-1877)

• Johnson readmitted Southern states if they:

• withdrew secession

• swore allegiance to Union

• annul Confederate war debts

• ratify the 13th Amendment

FREEDMAN’S BUREAU

• Helped former slaves adjust to freedom

• Distributed clothing and food

• Set up schools and industries

CIVIL RIGHTS ACT OF 1866

• gave African Americans citizenship

• forbade states from passing discriminatory laws known as black codes that severely restricted African Americans’ lives

• Violence

WHAT CAN YOU CONCLUDE FROM THIS PICTURE?

FOURTEENTH AMENDMENT

• All persons born or naturalized in the US—including former slaves—are citizens of the country and guarantees equal protection of the laws

JOHNSON IMPEACHED

• For “not carrying out his constitutional obligations”

• Ulysses S. Grant elected president

FIFTEENTH AMENDMENT

• stated that no one can be kept from voting because of “race, color, or previous condition of servitude.”