post-wwi: an age of uncertainty
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Post-WWI: An Age Of Uncertainty . Honors World Studies 2011 - 2012. Changing Viewpoints. In reaction to WWI, people looked at the world differently Albert Einstein created his theory of relativity which changed accepted laws of motion and gravity. New Beliefs. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Post-WWI:An Age Of Uncertainty Honors World Studies 2011 - 2012
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Changing Viewpoints
• In reaction to WWI, people looked at the world differently
• Albert Einstein created his theory of relativity which changed accepted laws of motion and gravity.
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New Beliefs
• WWI caused many new beliefs – Existentialists– Friedrich Nietzsche –Dadaism and surrealism – Jazz soon spread throughout the world. – Young people broke with past values–Women • Working outside the home• earned suffrage • New dress style flappers
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New Inventions
• Technological advancements improved transportation– The automobile– Air travel • Charles Lindberg and Amelia Earhart
• More leisure time/ popular culture– radio –Movies / Charlie Chaplin. – Large sporting events / Babe Ruth
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A Global Depression
• In October 1929, the US stock market crashed leading to the Great Depression, which caused businesses to fail and banks to close • The collapse of the US economy soon
spread around the world • Franklin Roosevelt’s New Deal program
started economic recovery in the US.
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Problems Caused by the Great Depression
• U.S. stock market crashed and businesses failed• Widespread unemployment and hunger resulted• Unpaid debts caused banks to close• Industrial production fell and U.S. economy
collapsed• World War I left many counties bankrupt or with
huge debts• International trade suffered• Need for strong, effective leadership felt
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How did worldwide leaders react?
Western Democracies• Avoided political extremes, but many
economic measures required centralized control rather than local action
• Regulated stock market and banking system
• Passed social reforms such as unemployment insurance, housing subsidies, and welfare benefits
• Increased taxes to pay for these social reforms
• Created huge public works projects to provide jobs
Fascism or Nazism• Ruled by a charismatic leader through a
one-party system• Urged public sacrifices to cure
economic woes• Centralized government authority over
business and labor through state corporations that set wages, prices, and labor conditions
• Saw foreign expansion and militarism as primary solution to economic problems
• Employed workers to build factories, highways, and weapons and to serve in the military