postgres is different from better than your rdbms

7/27/2019 Postgres is Different From Better Than Your RDBMS

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POSTGRES IS DIFFERENT FROM

(BETTERTHAN)YOUR RDBMS


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Gurjeet Singh

gurjeet.singh.im

EDB - EnterpriseDB.com


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FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF ADeveloper

Manager


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DEVELOPER'S PERSPECTIVELicense

ReliabilitySecurityFeaturesExtensibility

PerformanceDiagnosability


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DEVELOPER : LICENSEBSD-like License

Liberal than/Very different from GPL.PostgreSQL License gives you

Freedom to read, patch/improve the code.An opportunity to understand the database internals

Install, use/develop and deploy full feature-set without alicenseUpgrade hardware without paying for license costUnlike commercial RDBMSs where licenses come in theway of development, QA, and hardware upgrades.


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DEVELOPER : RELIABILITYACID compliant

Constraints (Primary Key, Foreign Key, CHECK)Data-page checksums to detect corruption


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DEVELOPER : SECURITYPer-object GRANT/REVOKE permissions

Per-column GRANT/REVOKE permissionsSSL connectionsLDAP and RADIUS authentication


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DEVELOPER : FEATURESPostgres is a Platform

Vast feature set... and ever-expanding

Postgres Feature Matrix

http://www.postgresql.org/about/featurematrix/
http://www.postgresql.org/about/featurematrix/http://www.postgresql.org/about/featurematrix/


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DEVELOPER : FEATURESCommon Table Expressions (CTEs)

Similar to Macro in programming languagesSupports recursive evaluation (alternative to Oracle'sCONNECT BY)


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DEVELOPER : FEATURES : DATA TYPESMany advanced data types come builtin

Full List of Builtin Data Types

http://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.3/static/datatype.html
http://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.3/static/datatype.htmlhttp://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.3/static/datatype.html


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DEVELOPER : FEATURES : DATA TYPESDoes not have/need NVARCHAR data type

The CHAR/VARCHAR/TEXT types are capable of storingUnicode data


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DEVELOPER : FEATURES : DATA TYPESBoolean (a first-class data type)

Bit (and Bit strings)MoneyBytea (binary data)Interval (difference between TIMESTAMPs)

Enumerated TypesGeometry Types (Point, Line Segment, Polygon, ...)Network Address (inet, cidr, macaddr)


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DEVELOPER : FEATURES : DATA TYPESRange Types (tsrange, daterange, int4range, ...)

Composite typesBuiltin multi-dimensional arrays

Automatically defines array type of builtin and user-defineddata types


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DEVELOPER : FEATURES : DATA TYPEShstore

JSONXML


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DEVELOPER : FEATURESStreaming Replication

Hot StandbyPer-transaction synchronous replicationTrue serializable transactionsLISTEN/NOTIFY

TriggersExclusion constraintsWindow FunctionsFunction overloadingOperator overloading

Full-text searchLarge Objects up to 4TBMaterialized views


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DEVELOPER : FEATURESCreate procedures in various programming languages

PL/pgsqlPL/perlPL/tclPL/java

PL/v8 - JavaScript


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DEVELOPER : FEATURE/PERFORMANCETOAST

The Oversized Attribute Storage Technique

Automatic out-of-line storage and automatic compression


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DEVELOPER : PERFORMANCECost-based optimizer

Index-only scansSynchronized seq-scansTable partitioningUnlogged tables


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DEVELOPER : PERFORMANCEPartial indexes

Many types of indexesBTreeHashGin

GistKNNSP-Gist


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DEVELOPER : PERFORMANCETypes of join-strategies

Nested-loop joinsHash joinsSort-Merge joinsBitmap-index scan; Bitmap-And/Or joins (in-memory)

Can use multiple indexes of a table in the same scanSemi joinsAnti joins


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DEVELOPER : PERFORMANCEFaster than NoSQL (at NoSQL use case)

See slides 32 onwards of Chrisophe Pettus'PostgreSQL as a Schemaless Database

http://thebuild.com/presentations/pg-as-nosql-pgday-

fosdem-2013.pdf
http://thebuild.com/presentations/pg-as-nosql-pgday-fosdem-2013.pdfhttp://thebuild.com/presentations/pg-as-nosql-pgday-fosdem-2013.pdf


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DEVELOPER : DIAGNOSTICSPer-function statistics

Performance Viewspg_stat_activitypg_lockspg_stat_*

pg_stat_all_tablespg_stat_all_indexes...


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DEVELOPER : DIAGNOSTICSLogging Options

log_min_duration_statementlog_temp_files

DTrace/SystemTap support

Scripts to record and diagnose performance issues


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DEVELOPER : EXTENSIBILITYHighly Extensible

Create Your OwnData TypesOperatorsIndex Types

create extension

Check outForeign Data WrapperForeign Tables

PGXN.org
http://localhost:8000/PGXN.org


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DEVELOPER : EXTENSIBILITYExamples

PostGIS

PostGIS adds support for geographic objects to thePostgreSQL object-relational database.

PostgreSQL-HLL

A PostgreSQL extension adding HyperLogLog datastructures as a native data type


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MANAGER'S PERSPECTIVEAcquisition Cost (License)

Future ProofVendors/Providers (Companies who can help)Maintenance Cost (Support)Buy-in From Upper Management


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MANAGER : ACQUISITION COSTFREE

Save Money $$$Higher Profit MarginsA Leg Up On The Competition


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MANAGER : ACQUISITION COSTBSD-like License

Liberal than/Very different from GPL.Install, use/develop and deploy full feature-set without alicenseUpgrade hardware without paying for license cost

Unlike commercial RDBMSs where licenses come in theway of development, QA, and hardware upgrades.


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MANAGER : FUTURE PROOFCommunity-driven

No single commercial entity controls it (unlike MySQL)Will be always free (cost and project management)


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MANAGER : FUTURE PROOFEver-increasing resource-pool; developers and DBAs

Compare growth in job requirements


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MANAGER : VENDORS/PROVIDERSMany top-quality vendors

EDB (EnterpriseDB)PG Experts2nd QuadrantOmniTI

Command PromptMany smaller consulting teams/individuals


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MANAGER : MAINTENANCE COST24/7 Support available

Very affordable support contractsFor e.g. EDB charges per-socket (unlike Oracle, thatcharges per CPU)


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MANAGER : MAINTENANCE COSTConsulting

Remote-DBADatabase Health ChecksTraining

For DevelopersFor DBAs


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MANAGER : UPPER MANAGEMENT BUY-INShow them the last few slides :)


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THANK YOU

postgres is different from better than your rdbms

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