Potential Surplus of Rice Straw as a Source of Energy for Rural Communities

in Indonesia

Introduction

INTRODUCTION

The potential of RS produced in Indonesia was about 96.60 million tons (mt), 99.71 mt, 98.64 mt, 103.58 mt, 106.31 mt in 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, and 2013, respectively. RS in Indonesia was used as RSi of about 7%, RSa of about 31%, and about 62% just burnt as waste. Utilization of RS in Indonesia is targeted to increase around 40% for RSa, around 30% RSi, and about 25% for RSf. Thus RS as RSw is only about 5%. The potential of RS to be used as fuel, which is RS surplus is not used for industry and animal feed.

OBJECTIVES

• This study was conducted to obtain the potential surplus of RS of energy for rural communities in Indonesia.

• The results of the study are expected to contribute to the policy makers and investors in order to develop the potential of RS to overcome the shortage of electric energy in rural areas.

Methodology

In determining the potential surplus of RS available in

Indonesia each year, RP data was analyzed for 5 years (2009 - 2013).

In determining the availability of potential surplus of RS in each province, performed data analysis of RP in 2013.

Determination of RS potential available can be determined by the value of SGR = 1.5 and the amount of RP every year, using the equation:

RS = SGR × RP (1)

Analysis of the potential surplus of RS refers to the utilization of RSa of about 40%, RSi of about 30%, RSf of around 25%, and SRw is about 5%.

Methodology (Cont…)

Determination of potential energy of RS surplus, by equation: EPRS= WRS × CVRS (3)

Determination of the potential RSf, can be determined by the equation: RSf = RSt- (RSi + RSa + RSw) (2)

No Year RP 106ton)

RSt(106ton)

RSa(106ton)

RSi (106 ton)

RSw(106ton)

RSf

(106ton )

1 2009 64.40 96.60 38.64 28.98 4.83 24.15

2 2010 66.47 99.71 39.88 29.91 4.99 24.93

3 2011 65.76 98.64 39.46 29.59 4.93 24.66

4 2012 69.05 103.58 41.43 31.07 5.18 25.90

5 2013 70.87 106.31 42.52 31.89 5.32 26.58

Table 1. The potential surplus of RH in Indonesia in 2009 - 2013.

The results of the potential surplus of RS are presented in Table 1.

Fig. 1, The development of the potential surplus of RS in 2009 - 2013.

Conclusion

Potential surplus of RS is one source of energy that can be used to supply electrical energy to rural communities in Indonesia.

Rural communities need a source of energy to meet the electrical energy needs and small industries.

The resulting potential of RS used for animal feed, raw materials for small industries and to be used as fuel (RSf) .

The potential energy of each increased approximately 10% over 5 years, or an average increase of approximately 2% per year.

The study is expected to be one of the alternative sources of energy to meet the electrical energy requirement and energy needs of small industries in rural areas in Indonesia.