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The BulletinAn Independent

Newspaper

Vol. 110, No. 223,46 pages, 7 sections

INDEXBusiness/Stocks E1-6Calendar B2Classified G1-6

Community Life C1-8Crosswords C6, G2Local/State B1-6

Milestones C2Obituaries B4-5Opinion/Books F1-6

Puzzles C6Sports D1-6TV/Movies C8

TODAY’S WEATHERChance of stormsHigh 79, Low 53Page B6

We use recycled newsprint

And a Web exclusive — How the FBI found an Icelandic teenager willing to be its inside man in WikiLeaks.bendbulletin.com/extras

Berkeley — Inside admis-sions at a top college. F1

$20,000 for Chance — Donations have poured in from around the world; now the priority is find-ing a home. B1

BREW NEWS Applications for six new breweries • E1

Monday: Pulse

TODAY’S READERBOARD

bendbulletin.com

EDITOR’S CHOICE

When homicide goes viralBy Katia SavchukThe Miami Herald

MIAMI — Derek Medina’s was not the first Facebook confession, but it may have been the most graphic. At least a handful of others have posted online about killing someone, but this seems to be the first time anyone included a grisly photo of the corpse.

In December 2011, a middle-aged Indiana man posted that he’d shot dead his 19-year-old ex-girl-friend and her friend. He also announced his own death.

“someone call 911. three dead bodies at 3229 lima road fort wayne Indiana,” he wrote. “I’ve killed ryann, erin, and myself. People were warned not to . play me and ruin me. They didn’t listen. Sorry about your luck.”

Police found all three dead when they arrived.

Last April, a 28-year-old Vietnamese man posted a Facebook message con-fessing to killing his girl-friend of six years after she broke up with him, press reports said. The man, Dang Van Khuyen, report-edly surrendered to police in Ho Chi Minh City soon afterward.

The same month, San Diego police began inves-tigating a possible murder confession that went viral after being posted anony-mously on the popular website Reddit.com.

Contractor role under scrutiny after leaksBy Andrew ClevengerThe Bulletin

WASHINGTON — The fallout from for-mer National Securi-ty Agency contractor Edward Snowden’s leak of classified documents continued Friday, with President Barack Obama call-ing for the a review of surveillance technolo-gies in light of grow-ing privacy concerns over electronic spying programs.

Earlier in the week, Obama can-celed an upcoming meeting with Rus-sian President Vladi-mir Putin over Rus-sia’s decision to offer Snowden asylum.

In addition to po-litical consequences, Snowden’s actions have brought height-ened scrutiny to the government’s use of contractors in posi-tions requiring secu-rity clearance.

Last week, The Wall Street Journal reported that U.S. In-vestigations Services Inc., which conduct-ed Snowden’s most recent security re-view, was the subject of a federal investiga-tion into whether it took shortcuts during its approval process.

Power potential at a sacred site

Oil spills complicate pipeline debateBy Dan FroschNew York Times News Service

MARSHALL, Mich. — As the Obama administra-tion inches closer to a decision on whether to approve the con-struction of the much-debated Keystone XL pipeline, costly cleanup efforts in two communities stricken by oil spills portend the potential hazards of transporting heavy Canadian crude.

The two burst pipelines were in this small Michigan town three years ago, the worst ever in the U.S., and in Arkansas, in March.

Terror strategy — Al-Qai-da, now decentralized, has new priorities, experts say. A5

• Energy exploration would not significantly disrupt the area, the BLM finds, but the Klamath Tribes are worried

GLASS BUTTES GEOTHERMAL PROJECT

By Branden Andersen • The Bulletin

Perry Chocktoot, culture and heritage

director for the Klamath Tribes, recalled

a story of tribal members making the

journey to Glass Butte.

They would summit the 6,830-foot-high obsidian-rich peak to experience spiritual enlighten ment and pray to the gods of health, life, happiness and nature, among others. They would make weapons and integrate the rich, colorful obsidian into their clothes. It was a natural resource readily available to

nearby tribes.“Grandfathers still make the journey with

their grandsons today to pick obsidian,” he said. “It’s part of who we are.”

The Prineville and Burns districts of the U.S. Bureau of Land Management approached the Klamath Tribes to ask about the cultural significance of Glass Butte, about 70 miles southeast of Bend. The BLM districts were leasing the land around Glass Butte to Ormat Technologies, a Nevada firm, in hopes of exploring geothermal wells.

The agencies need to consult with local tribes in accor-dance with Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act of 1996, which requires government agencies to consider

Indian tribes’ cultural and historic sites.Chocktoot, of Chiloquin, made numerous field trips, con-

ducted phone calls and drafted emails. He wanted to make sure the agencies understood exactly what the butte meant to the tribe. In July, the BLM districts released a “Finding of No Significant Impact,” or FONSI report, detailing the impact of geothermal exploration on the environment and communi-ties surrounding the proposed area.

GLASS BUTTES

LITTLEGLASSBUTTE

GRASSYBUTTE

ROUND TOP BUTTE

20

20

6528

Obsidian Rd.

Proposed geothermal drill sites at Glass ButtesOrmat Technologies Inc. has proposed 13 drill sites on public land around the Glass Buttes area, many of them near obsidian-rich sites.

MAHOGANY LEASE MIDNIGHT POINT LEASE

Deschutes County

Lake County

Harney County

Proposed drill sites Obsidian sample locations

Bend

O R E G O N

Greg Cross / The BulletinSources: Prineville and Burns BLM

Photos by Ivar Vong / For The Bulletin

University of Oregon staff archaeologist Pat O’Grady shows a more than 7,000-year-old Cascade projectile point made from obsidian. Obsidian from Glass Buttes is regarded as sacred by the Klamath Tribes.

“Can science demonstrate that they have been out there exploiting resources? I would say unequivocally yes. Are they historical sites? I can’t demonstrate any evidence of that.”

— Dennis Jenkins, archaeologist, about evidence of the Klamath Tribes’

historic connection to Glass Buttes

These artifacts from the Glass Buttes area date to approximate-ly 12,000 years ago, from the far left, to approximately 1,700 years ago with the spear point on the far right.

See Glass Buttes / A8

IN D.C.

By Timothy R. HomanBloomberg News

WASHINGTON — Camou-flage combat uniforms in the armed forces may be getting a new look, or at least the same look across all four branches.

Congressional efforts to whit-

tle down the 10 different camou-flage uniforms in use to just one are gaining momentum, a move that could save millions of dol-lars while affecting future con-tracts for the 23 manufacturers across the country that benefit from the proliferation of designs.

Before lawmakers left town last week, the Senate Appropria-tions Committee approved a fis-cal 2014 defense spending bill, S. 1429, that would halt funding for new patterns starting Oct. 1 unless all services agree to use a single design for a given terrain.

A Government Accountabil-ity Office report prompted the changes proposed by lawmak-ers, who are trying to find ways to trim costs amid the auto-matic spending cuts known as sequestration.

Lawmakers target camouflage for savings

Amber Alert — Missing girl is found alive in Idaho wilder-ness; her abductor is dead. A2

Inside• Newberry

update, A8

See Camouflage / A6

See NSA / A4

See Viral / A6

See Spills / A4

Northwest Travel — Oakridge and Westfir, once sleepy lumber towns, are now hubs for brews and bikes. C1

Conspiracy no more — Who owns the plot next to Lee Harvey Oswald’s grave? A6

Informatics — The science of data could be the next big thing in medicine. A7

Trouble sleeping? — Time in the sun might help get your natural rhythm back. A3

A8 THE BULLETIN • SUNDAY, AUGUST 11, 2013

The report is released to detail concerns brought up in the environmental as-sessment, including the re-lease of solids and natural gas during drilling, protec-tion of mule deer and sage grouse and, of course, pres-ervation of historic and cul-tural sites.

The report states the agencies had “multiple con-sultation discussions” with the Klamath and Warm Springs tribes — in per-son, on the phone, through email or on field trips.

“The BLM has been in-formed by Tribal staff that the proposed Projects, even though they would occupy only a very small portion of the overall Glass Buttes area, would destroy ‘sacred and holy’ areas,” the report states. “However, the tribes have not demonstrated how the Projects would do so.”

The report continued to say the tribes have not shown how the projects’ impact can be mitigated and offered no solutions. So, the BLM concluded that no significant structures or resources would be harmed in the project.

“I sat there and told them it was sacred — I showed them prayer stacks,” Chocktoot said. “But they didn’t believe me.”

Obsidian and the tribesChocktoot said Glass

Butte’s connection to the Klamath Tribes can be traced back thousands of years.

“Arrowheads, spear-heads, swords — if you look at some of the artifacts found in this area, you’ll find a lot of obsidian,” he said.

Dennis Jenkins, staff archaeologist for the Muse-um of Natural and Cultural History in Eugene, said he has tracked movement of obsidian from the Glass Buttes area to the Klamath tribes and surrounding areas.

“Glass Butte brought people along the river sys-tem, through Central Ore-gon, and could have gotten

Ivar Vong / For The Bulletin

This Clovis-era base fragment from the Glass Butte region is approximately 12,000 years old. “Arrowheads, spearheads, swords — if you look at some of the artifacts found in the (Glass Buttes) area, you’ll find a lot of obsidian,” said Perry Chocktoot, culture and heritage director for the Klamath Tribes.

Glass ButtesContinued from A1

By Branden AndersenThe Bulletin

Ormat Technologies Inc., an alternative energy company fo-cused on geothermal drilling, operates on every continent. The Glass Buttes project will be Or-mat’s first Oregon geothermal project for the company. Glass Buttes is entering phase three of a six-phase project, from seeking and obtaining land to operation.

Ormat’s harnesses geother-mal energy by drilling into the Earth and pumping hot geothermal liquid — typically groundwater — into a condens-er, according to the company website. The hot vapor runs through a tube into a turbine, creating energy.

The vapor is then cooled and returned to the condenser, cooling the liquid that did not evaporate enough to return to the ground. The liquid is heated up once again by the Earth, and the process continues in a circu-lar fashion.

Although geothermal explo-ration is new to the Glass Buttes area, drills have been working approximately 60 miles west for 10 months.

AltaRock Energy Inc., a re-newable energy development company based in Seattle , started geothermal exploration around the Newberry Volcano approximately 20 miles south of Bend.

The exploration showed Newberry was “dry,” contain-ing only hot rock and no water. Without water, steam cannot push the turbines needed to cre-ate energy. Instead, AltaRock’s technology creates fractures in the Earth and injects water into them, simulating traditional geothermal energy harvesting.

AltaRock spokesperson Da-vid Stave said the project is still a ways away from producing energy.

“We’re kind of in between things right now,” he said. “We’re getting ready to do our testing to follow up the simu-lation work we did last year.

Now, we’re wading between projects.”

Stave said the difference be-tween the Newberry project and the Glass Buttes project is that AltaRock doesn’t need wa-ter to generate energy. At Glass Buttes, Ormat Technologies is looking for water.

“AltaRock simply has tech-nology to make an artificial well,” he said.

According to Bulletin reports, the Newberry drilling was un-der scrutiny in November 2012 when nearby La Pine residents noticed more than 20 small earthquakes. AltaRock officials said most of the quakes were a magnitude 1 or less.

The other public concern was AltaRock pumping plastic into the well, to seal cracks in the surface. The idea is to seal cracks so new ones will open. AltaRock said the plastic was the same used for plastic water bottles.

The idea, Stave said, is to seal the fractures made and eventu-ally create a geothermal source that could generate enough en-ergy for a power plant.

But that’s still about 18 months away if everything goes smoothly, he said.

“It’s the most advanced proj-ect and the biggest project in Central Oregon,” Stave said. “But before we get there, we’ve got a long ways to go.”

— Reporter: 541-383-0348, bandersen@bendbulletin.com

A different process for harnessing power

UPDATE: NEWBERRY GEOTHERMAL

“It’s the most advanced project and the biggest project in Central Oregon. But before we (start generating power), we’ve got a long ways to go.”

— David Stave, spokesman for AltaRock, which is drilling

at Newberry for its geothermal project there

Glass Butte obsidian while hunting or gathering roots,” he said. “Material moved to the west and southwest into Klamath territory.”

Jenkins, who has 25 years of archaeology experience, said he has studied the path and trends of Glass Butte obsidian.

“Can science demonstrate that they have been out there exploiting resources? I would say unequivocally yes,” he said. “Are they historical sites? I can’t demonstrate any evidence of that.”

Craig Skinner, program director of Northwest Re-search Obsidian Studies Laboratory, isn’t as confident of a connection between the Klamath and Glass Butte.

“I don’t see much evidence of that,” he said. “It may well be a tradition for them, but I don’t know about it.”

Glass Butte has “nice quality” obsidian, Skinner said. Many tribes have been traced to the area for their obsidian, but through his studies he noticed that most of Glass Butte’s obsidian ar-tifacts have come from more local areas. He hasn’t found many artifacts directly link-ing the Klamath tribes to Glass Butte.

“Glass Butte obsidian has been found at a ton of dif-ferent sites — probably 100 of them,” he said. “But there are so many competing ba-sins of obsidian. I just feel the Klamath Tribes would find something more local.”

ConsultationChip Faver, Prineville BLM

Central Oregon resource area field manager, said he has had frequent contact with Chocktoot.

“I feel the process went very well,” Faver said. “Perry Chocktoot is good to work with.”

Faver said he and Chocktoot had taken many trips out to Glass Buttes to discuss sacred sites and how to avoid them. He said tribes are com-monly protective of their sacred sites for fear of the public find-ing the spots.

“They are scared the public will come out and ransack their sites,” he said. “They don’t want them to be posted on a map.”

Chocktoot said his main concern is what will happen to the area after the project is underway. He feels that as more exploration happens around Glass Buttes, sacred site access could be restrict-ed or, worse, destroyed.

“We fear it will make it so we cannot go to areas we have gone to for thousands of years,” Chocktoot said.

Faver said his job is to con-sult with the tribes and dis-cuss mitigation. He under-stands there are emotional ties to places around Central

Oregon given it’s landscape. And, he said, most of the time this leads to disapproval of the BLM’s decisions. But he believes it’s still a healthy relationship.

“In a marriage, you don’t al-ways agree with your spouse,” Faver said. “But that doesn’t mean the relationship isn’t healthy. You talk about the things you don’t agree on and come to a reasonable compro-mise or mitigation.”

Section 106 Section 106 of the Historic

Preservation Act requires only that the government consult with the party in question , said State Historic Preservation Of-fice historian Ian Johnson.

“With tribes, we typically defer to their expertise,” he said. “But (government agen-cies) are only required to con-sult and listen.”

BLM leased land around the Newberry Volcano for geothermal exploration in 2012. During the planning

process, both the Klamath Tribes and the Warm Springs Tribes were consulted, with the same end result.

“I feel like they don’t listen,” Chocktoot said. “We talk to them and show them, but it’s never enough.”

Johnson said the law lends it-self to scrutiny. “Tribes sometimes hold back infor-

mation because their religious beliefs,” he said. “For whatev-er reason, the government de-cided that the evidence wasn’t enough.

“The law requires them to think about it, but it doesn’t re-quire them to agree.”

— Reporter: 541-383-0348, bandersen@bendbulletin.com

“I sat there and told them (Glass Butte) was sacred — I showed them prayer stacks. But they didn’t believe me.”

— Perry Chocktoot, culture and heritage

director for the Klamath Tribes

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