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ISSN 2319-8885

Vol.03,Issue.04,

April-2014,

Pages:0638-0646

Copyright @ 2014 SEMAR GROUPS TECHNICAL SOCIETY. All rights reserved.

Power Quality Improvement by Versatile Control Scheme for Unified

Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC) ALAA HAMZAH ABDULLAH

1, SURYA PRAKASH

2, JYOTI SHRIVASTAVA

3

1Dept of Electrical Engineering, SSET, Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agri. Tech. & Sciences Deemed University, Allahabad,

India, E-mail: [email protected]. 2Dept of Electrical Engineering, SSET, Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agri. Tech. & Sciences Deemed University, Allahabad,

India, E-mail: [email protected]. 3Dept of Electrical Engineering, SSET, Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agri. Tech. & Sciences Deemed University, Allahabad,

India, E-mail: [email protected].

Abstract: Conventional power quality mitigation equipment is proving to be inadequate for an increasing number of

applications, and this fact has attracted the attention of power engineers to develop dynamic and adjustable solutions to power

quality problems. This has led to development of Custom Power Devices (CPD).One modern and very promising CPD that

deals with both load current and supply voltage imperfections is the Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC). One modern

solution that deals with both load current and supply voltage imperfections is the Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC)

such a solution can compensate for different power quality phenomena, such as: sags, swells, voltage imbalance, flicker,

harmonics and reactive currents. UPQC is a combination of series and shunt active filters connected in cascade via a common

dc link capacitor. The series active filter inserts a voltage, which is added at the point of the common coupling (PCC) such that

the loads end voltage remains unaffected by any voltage disturbance. The main objectives of the shunt active filter are: to

compensate for the load reactive power demand and unbalance, to eliminate the harmonics from the supply current, and to

regulate the common dc link voltage. This paper deals with the investigation and development of UPQC control schemes and

algorithms for power quality improvement and implementation of a versatile control strategy to enhance the performance of

UPQC. The proposed control scheme gives better steady-state and dynamic response. The validity of the proposed control

method is verified by means of MATLAB/SIMULINK.

Keywords: Edge Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC), Point of the Common Coupling (PCC), MATLAB/Simulink.

I. INTRODUCTION

Reliability of supply and power quality (PQ) are two

most important facets of any power delivery system today.

Not so long ago, the main concern of consumers of

electricity was the continuity of supply. However nowadays,

consumers want not only continuity of supply, but the

quality of power is very important to them too. The power

quality problems in distribution power systems are not new,

but customer awareness of these problems has recently

increased. The power quality at the point of common

coupling (PCC) with the utility grid is governed by the

various standards and the IEEE-519 standard is widely

accepted. Utilities and researchers all over the world have

for decades worked on the improvement of power quality

[1]-[5]. There are sets of conventional solutions to the

power quality problems, which have existed for a long time.

However these conventional solutions use passive elements

and do not always respond correctly as the nature of the

power system conditions change. The increased power

capabilities, ease of control, and reduced costs of modern

semiconductor devices have made power electronic

converters affordable in a large number of applications.

New flexible solutions to many power quality problems

have become possible with the aid of these power electronic

converters [6]-[8].

Nowadays equipment made with semiconductor devices

appears to be as sensitive and polluting as ever. Non-linear

devices, such as power electronics converters, increase

overall reactive power demanded by the equivalent load,

and injects harmonic currents into the distribution grid. It is

well known that the reactive power demand causes a drop in

the feeder voltage and increases the losses. The presence of

harmonic currents can cause additional losses and voltage

waveform distortions, and so cause poor power quality.

Also, the number of sensitive loads that require ideal

sinusoidal supply voltages for their proper operation has

increased. The increasing use of electronic equipment

sensitive to power variations drives the interest in power

conditioning technologies. So, in order to keep the power

quality within limits proposed by standards, it is necessary

to include some sort of compensation [9],-[12].

mailto:[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

ALAA HAMZAH ABDULLAH, SURYA PRAKASH, JYOTI SHRIVASTAVA

International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Technology Research

Volume.03, IssueNo.04, April-2014, Pages: 0638-0646

The power electronic based power conditioning devices

can be effectively utilized to improve the quality of power

supplied to customers. One modern solution that deals with

both load current and supply voltage imperfections is the

Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC), which was

first presented in 1995 by Hirofumi Akagi. Such a solution

can compensate for different power quality phenomena,

such as: sags, swells, voltage imbalance, flicker, harmonics

and reactive currents[13]-[17]. UPQC is a combination of

series and shunt active filters connected in cascade via a

common dc link capacitor. The series active filter inserts a

voltage, which is added at the point of the common coupling

(PCC) such that the load end- voltage remains unaffected by

any voltage disturbance. The main objectives of the shunt

active filter are: to compensate for the load reactive power

demand and unbalance, to eliminate the harmonics from the

supply current, and to regulate the common dc link

voltage[15].

II. POWER QUALITY

The contemporary container crane industry, like many

other industry segments, is often enamored by the bells and

whistles, colorful diagnostic displays, high speed

performance, and levels of automation that can be achieved.

Although these features and their indirectly related

computer based enhancements are key issues to an efficient

terminal operation, we must not forget the foundation upon

which we are building. Power quality is the mortar which

bonds the foundation blocks. Power quality also affects

terminal operating economics, crane reliability, our

environment, and initial investment in power distribution

systems to support new crane installations[16].

A. Power Quality Problems

For the purpose of this article, we shall define power

quality problems as: ‘Any power problem that results in

failure or disoperation of customer equipment, manifests

itself as an economic burden to the user, or produces

negative impacts on the environment.’ When applied to the

container crane industry, the power issues which degrade

power quality include: (i) Power Factor, (ii) Harmonic

Distortion, (iii) Voltage Transients, (iv) Voltage Sags or

Dips, (v) Voltage Swells. The AC and DC variable speed

drives utilized on board container cranes are significant

contributors to total harmonic current and voltage distortion.

Whereas SCR phase control creates the desirable average

power factor, DC SCR drives operate at less than this. In

addition, line notching occurs when SCR’s commutate,

creating transient peak recovery voltages that can be 3 to 4

times the nominal line voltage depending upon the system

impedance and the size of the drives. The frequency and

severity of these power system disturbances varies with the

speed of the drive. Harmonic current injection by AC and

DC drives will be highest when the drives are operating at

slow speeds. Power factor will be lowest when DC drives

are operating at slow speeds or during initial acceleration

and deceleration periods, increasing to its maximum value

when the SCR’s are phased on to produce rated or base

speed. Above base speed, the power factor essentially

remains constant. Unfortunately, container cranes can spend

considerable time at low speeds as the operator attempts to

spot and land containers. Poor power factor places a greater

kVA demand burden on the utility or engine-alternator

power source. Low power factor loads can also affect the

voltage stability which can ultimately result in detrimental

effects on the life of sensitive electronic equipment or even

intermittent malfunction. Voltage transients created by DC

drive SCR line notching, AC drive voltage chopping, and

high frequency harmonic voltages and currents are all

significant sources of noise and disturbance to sensitive

electronic equipment[17].

Power quality can be improved through: (i) Power factor

correction, (ii) Harmonic filtering, (iii) Special line notch

filtering, (iv) Transient voltage surge suppression,(v) Proper

earthing systems. In most cases, the person specifying

and/or buying a container crane may not be fully aware of

the potential power quality issues. If this article

accomplishes nothing else, we would hope to provide that

awareness. In many cases, those involved with specification

and procurement of container cranes may not be cognizant

of such issues, do not pay the utility billings, or consider it

someone else’s concern. As a result, container crane

specifications may not include definitive power quality

criteria such as power factor correction and/or harmonic

filtering. Also, many of those specifications which do

require power quality equipment do not properly define the

criteria. Early in the process of preparing the crane

specification:

Consult with the utility company to determine

regulatory or contract requirements that must be

satisfied, if any.

Consult with the electrical drive suppliers and

determine the power quality profiles that can be

expected based on the drive sizes and technologies

proposed for the specific project.

Evaluate the economics of power quality correction

not only on the present situation, but consider the

impact of future utility deregulation and the future

development plans for the terminal.

III. FACTS

Flexible AC Transmission Systems, called FACTS, got

in the recent years a well known term for higher

controllability in power systems by means of power

electronic devices. Several FACTS-devices have been

introduced for various applications worldwide. A number of

new types of devices are in the stage of being introduced in

practice. In most of the applications the controllability is

used to avoid cost intensive or landscape requiring

extensions of power systems, for instance like upgrades or

additions of substations and power lines. FACTS-devices

Power Quality Improvement by Versatile Control Scheme for Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC)



provide a better adaptation to varying operational conditions

and improve the usage of existing installations. The basic

applications of FACTS-devices are (i) Power flow control,

(ii) Increase of transmission capability, (iii) Voltage control,

(iv) Reactive power compensation, (v) Stability

improvement, (vi) Power quality improvement, (vii) Power

conditioning, (viii) Flicker mitigation, (ix) Interconnection

of renewable and distributed generation and storages

A. Dynamic Power Flow Controller

A new device in the area of power flow control is the

Dynamic Power Flow Controller (DFC). The DFC is a

hybrid device between a Phase Shifting Transformer (PST)

and switched series compensation. A functional single line

diagram of the Dynamic Flow Controller is shown in Figure

1. The Dynamic Flow Controller consists of the following

components:

A standard phase shifting transformer with tap-

changer (PST).

Series-connected Thyristor Switched Capacitors

and Reactors (TSC / TSR).

A mechanically switched shunt capacitor (MSC).

(This is optional depending on the system reactive

power requirements).

Figure 1: Configuration of DFC.

Based on the system requirements, a DFC might consist

of a number of series TSC or TSR. The mechanically

switched shunt capacitor (MSC) will provide voltage

support in case of overload and other conditions. Normally

the reactance of reactors and the capacitors are selected

based on a binary basis to result in a desired stepped

reactance variation. If a higher power flow resolution is

needed, a reactance equivalent to the half of the smallest one

can be added. The switching of series reactors occurs at zero

current to avoid any harmonics. However, in general, the

principle of phase-angle control used in TCSC can be

applied for a continuous control as well. The operation of a

DFC is based on the following rules:

TSC / TSR are switched when a fast response is

required.

The relieve of overload and work in stressed situations

is handled by the TSC / TSR.

The switching of the PST tap-changer should be

minimized particularly for the currents higher than

normal loading.

The total reactive power consumption of the device

can be optimized by the operation of the MSC, tap

changer and the switched capacities and reactors.

In order to visualize the steady state operating range of

the DFC, we assume an inductance in parallel representing

parallel transmission paths. The overall control objective in

steady state would be to control the distribution of power

flow between the branch with the DFC and the parallel path.

This control is accomplished by control of the injected

series voltage. The PST (assuming a quadrature booster)

will inject a voltage in quadrature with the node voltage.

The controllable reactance will inject a voltage in

quadrature with the throughput current. Assuming that the

power flow has a load factor close to one, the two parts of

the series voltage will be close to collinear. However, in

terms of speed of control, influence on reactive power

balance and effectiveness at high/low loading the two parts

of the series voltage has quite different characteristics. The

steady state control range for loadings up to rated current is

illustrated in Figure 2, where the x-axis corresponds to the

throughput current and the y-axis corresponds to the

injected series voltage.

Figure 2: Operational diagram of a DFC.

Operation in the first and third quadrants corresponds to

reduction of power through the DFC, whereas operation in

the second and fourth quadrants corresponds to increasing

the power flow through the DFC. The slope of the line

passing through the origin (at which the tap is at zero and

TSC / TSR are bypassed) depends on the short circuit

reactance of the PST. Starting at rated current (2 kA) the

short circuit reactance by itself provides an injected voltage

(approximately 20 kV in this case). If more inductance is

switched in and/or the tap is increased, the series voltage

increases and the current through the DFC decreases (and

the flow on parallel branches increases). The operating point

moves along lines parallel to the arrows in the figure. The




slope of these arrows depends on the size of the parallel

reactance. The maximum series voltage in the first quadrant

is obtained when all inductive steps are switched in and the

tap is at its maximum.

Now, assuming maximum tap and inductance, if the

throughput current decreases (due e.g. to changing loading

of the system) the series voltage will decrease. At zero

current, it will not matter whether the TSC / TSR steps are

in or out, they will not contribute to the series voltage.

Consequently, the series voltage at zero current corresponds

to rated PST series voltage. Next, moving into the second

quadrant, the operating range will be limited by the line

corresponding to maximum tap and the capacitive step

being switched in (and the inductive steps by-passed). In

this case, the capacitive step is approximately as large as the

short circuit reactance of the PST, giving an almost constant

maximum voltage in the second quadrant.

IV. UNIFIED POWER FLOW CONTROLLER

The UPFC is a combination of a static compensator and

static series compensation. It acts as a shunt compensating

and a phase shifting device simultaneously.

Figure 3: Principle configuration of an UPFC.

The UPFC consists of a shunt and a series transformer,

which are connected via two voltage source converters with

a common DC-capacitor. The DC-circuit allows the active

power exchange between shunt and series transformer to

control the phase shift of the series voltage shown in figure

3. The series converter needs to be protected with a

Thyristor bridge. Due to the high efforts for the Voltage

Source Converters and the protection, an UPFC is getting

quite expensive, which limits the practical applications

where the voltage and power flow control is required

simultaneously.

A. Unified Power Quality Conditioner

The provision of both DSTATCOM and DVR can

control the power quality of the source current and the load

bus voltage. In addition, if the DVR and STATCOM are

connected on the DC side, the DC bus voltage can be

regulated by the shunt connected DSTATCOM while the

DVR supplies the required energy to the load in case of the

transient disturbances in source voltage. The configuration

of such a device (termed as Unified Power Quality

Conditioner (UPQC)) is shown in Figure 4. This is a

versatile device similar to a UPFC. However, the control

objectives of a UPQC are quite different from that of a

UPFC.

Figure 4: Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC).

B. Control Objectives Of UPQC

The shunt connected converter has the following control

objectives

1. To balance the source currents by injecting negative

and zero sequence components required by the load.

2. The compensate for the harmonics in the load

current by injecting the required harmonic currents.

3. To control the power factor by injecting the required

reactive current (at fundamental frequency).

4. To regulate the DC bus voltage.

The series connected converter has the following control

objectives

1. To balance the voltages at the load bus by injecting

negative and zero sequence voltages to compensate

for those present in the source.

2. To isolate the load bus from harmonics present in

the source voltages, by injecting the harmonic

voltages.

3. To regulate the magnitude of the load bus voltage by

injecting the required active and reactive

components (at fundamental frequency) depending

on the power factor on the source side.

4. To control the power factor at the input port of the

UPQC (where the source is connected. Note that the

power factor at the output port of the UPQC

(connected to the load) is controlled by the shunt

converter.

C. Operation Of UPQC

The operation of a UPQC can be explained from the

analysis of the idealized equivalent circuit shown in Figure

5. Here, the series converter is represented by a voltage

source VC and the shunt converter is represented by a

current source IC.




Figure 5: Operation of UPQC.

Note that all the currents and voltages are 3 dimensional

vectors with phase coordinates. Unlike in the case of a

UPFC, the voltages and currents may contain negative and

zero sequence components in addition to harmonics.

Neglecting losses in the converters, we get the relation

(1)

Where X,Y denote the inner product of two vectors, defined

by

(2)

Let the load current IL and the source voltage VS be

decomposed into two Components given by

(3)

Where I1p, L contains only positive sequence, fundamental

frequency components. Similar comments apply to V 1pS .

IrL and V rS contain rest of the load current and the source

voltage including harmonics. I1pL is not unique and

depends on the power factor at the load bus. However, the

following relation applies for I1p L.

(4) This implies that hIrL; VLi = 0. Thus, the fundamental

frequency, positive sequence component in IrL does not

contribute to the active power in the load. To meet the

control objectives, the desired load voltages and source

currents must contain only positive sequence, fundamental

frequency components and

(5)

Where V ¤ L and I¤S are the reference quantities for the

load bus voltage and the source current respectively. Ál is

the power factor angle at the load bus while Ás is the power

factor angle at the source bus (input port of UPQC). Note

that V ¤ L(t) and I¤S (t) are sinusoidal and balanced. If the

reference current (I¤C ) of the shunt converter and the

reference voltage (V ¤ C) of the series converter are chosen

as

(6)

With the constraint

(7)

We have,

(8) Note that the constraint (14.30) implies that V 1p C is the

reactive voltage in quadrature with the desired source

current, I¤S. It is easy to derive that

(9) The above equation shows that for the operating

conditions assumed, a UPQC can be viewed as a inaction of

a DVR and a STATCOM with no active power flows

through the DC link. However, if the magnitude of V ¤ L is

to be controlled, it may not be feasible to achieve this by

injecting only reactive voltage. The situation gets

complicated if V 1p S is not constant, but changes due to

system disturbances or fault. To ensure the regulation of the

load bus voltage it may be necessary to inject variable active

voltage (in phase with the source current). If we express

(10)

(11)

(12)

In deriving the above, we assume that

(13)

This implies that both ¢VC and ¢IC are perturbations

involving positive sequence, fundamental requency

quantities (say, resulting from symmetric voltage sags). The

power balance on the DC side of the shunt and series

converter. The perturbation in VC is initiated to ensure that

Thus, the objective of the voltage regulation at the load

bus may require exchange of power between the shunt and

series converters.

V. SIMULATION RESULTS

A UPQC simulation model (Figures 6,7 & 8) has been

created in MATLAB/Simulink so as to investigate UPQC

circuit waveforms, the dynamic and steady-state

performance, and voltage and current ratings. The following

typical case studies have been simulated and the results are

presented.

1. Short duration three phase fault conditions.

2. Long duration three phase fault conditions.

3. Dynamic load and three phase fault conditions.

4. Harmonic compensation.




5. DC link voltage regulation for the above conditions is

also verified.

Figure 6: Transmission line diagram without UPQC in

MATLAB.

Figure 7: Transmission line diagram with UPQC

without fault.

TABLE 1

DATA USED TO SIMULATE THE MODEL IN

MATLAB

Figure 8: Transmission line diagram with UPQC with

fault condition.

By simulting the above model made in MATLAB and

puttin the data place in table No. 1 the folloewing responses

are obtained(Nikita hari et al. 2011).

Figure 9: Steady state source voltage and load current

waves without UPQC(THD is more).

Figure 9 shows the simulation results for the case where

the system is in steady state. Due to power electronic load

the current waveform is distorted and is unbalanced.

Voltage waveform is also distorted.

Figure 10: Steady state source voltage and load current

waves with UPQC(THD is very less).




Figure 10 shows the results after UPQC is connected to

the system. The waveforms are balanced and THD is greatly

reduced .This confirms that UPQC compensates harmonics

to a great extent.

Figure 11: steady state DC link voltage (500v).

Fig 11 shows that the DC link voltage is maintained

constant by the shunt compensator.

Figure 12: Response of Long duration three phase fault

conditions Source Voltage without UPQC, from 0.3 to

0.4 seconds (THD is more).

Figure 13: Source voltage when 3 phase fault is

introduced with UPQC.

Figure 13 shows the simulation results when a three

phase fault is introduced, the series active filter(DVR)

injects the compensating voltage so that the source voltage

is maintained constant. This shows that voltage

imperfections are compensated by the series part of UPQC.

Figure 14: Source voltage when a three phase fault is

introduced from 0.2 to 0.25 seconds without UPQC.

Figure 15: Source voltage when a three phase fault is

introduced from 0.1 to 0.2 seconds with UPQC.

D-STATCOM injects current waveforms of opposite

polarity and mitigates the swell in current. Figure 15

validates that UPQC can mitigate long duration sags

effectively. Simulation results show that UPQC mitigates

deeper sags, harmonic compensation is better. It also does

better load regulation and balancing for dynamic loads and

can tolerate long duration fault conditions effectively. Thus

it gives enhanced performance when compared to

DSTATCOM and DVR. Results show that it gives good

steady state and transient performance. The proposed

control scheme is feasible and simple to implement although

further work is needed to optimize the parameters of the

UPQC.




VI. CONCLUSIONS

The performance of the UPQC is compared with DVR

and DSTATCOM. The objectives laid down have been

successfully realized through software implementation in

MATLAB/SIMULINK. Simulation results show that, when

the UPQC applying such control strategy is used for the

compensation of the nonlinear/unbalance load conditions in

three-phase three-wire system, the harmonic reduction is

better; unbalance/distortion of load current and source

voltage are compensated well and dc voltage gets regulated

all of which verifies the effectiveness of applying such a

flexible control strategy in UPQC.

VII. REFERENCES

[1] C. Sankaran, Power quality, Boca Raton, Fla.: CRC

Press LCC, 2002.

[2] Math H.J. Bollen, Understanding power quality

problems: Voltage sags and Interruptions, New York: IEEE

Press, 2000.

[3] Arindam Ghosh and Gerard Ledwich, Power quality

enhancement using custom power devices. Boston: Kluwer

Academic Publishers, 2002.

[4] N.G. Hingorani, “Introducing custom power”, IEEE

Spectrum, vol. 32, no. 6, pp. 41-48, June 1995.

[5] Hirofumi Akagi. “New trends in active filters for power

conditioning”, IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,

vol. 32, no. 6, pp. 1312-1322, Nov/Dec 1996.

[6] Hirofumi Akagi, “Active harmonic filters”, Proceeding

of the IEEE, vol. 93, no. 12,pp. 2128-2141, December 2005.

[7] Arindam Ghosh, “Compensation of Distribution System

Voltage Using DVR”, IEEE Transaction on Power Delivery,

vol. 17, no. 4, pp 1030 – 1036, October 2002.

[8] Chris Fitzer, Atputharajah Arulampalam, Mike Barnes,

and Rainer Zurowski, “Mitigation of Saturation in Dynamic

Voltage Restorer Connection Transformers”,IEEE

Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 17, no. 6, pp. 1058

– 1066, Nov.2002.

[9] B.H. Li, S.S. Choi and D.M. Vilathgamuwa,

“Transformerless dynamic voltage restorer”, IEE Proc.-

Gener. Transm. Distrib., vol. 149, no. 3, pp. 263-273, May

2002.

[10] Hideaki Fujita and Hirofumi Akagi, “The Unified

Power Quality Conditioner: The Integration of Series- and

Shunt- Active Filters”, IEEE Transactions on Power

Electronics, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 315-322, March 1998.

[11] S.W. Middlekauff and E.R. Collins, “System and

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Devices”, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, vol. 13,

no. 1, pp. 278-282, January 1998.

[12] B. Han, B. Bae, S. Baek, and G. Jang, “New

Configuration of UPQC for Medium Voltage Application”,

IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 1438 -

1444, July 2006.

[13] Shyh-Jier Huang and Jinn-Chang Wu, “A control

algorithm for three-phase three wired active power filter

under non ideal mains voltages”, IEEE Transactions on

Power Electronics, vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 753 – 760, July 1999.

[14] Iurie Axente, Malabika Basu, Michael F. Conlon and

Kevin Gaughan, “A Study of Shunt Active Filter Generating

the DC Biased Current”, Proceedings of the 41st

International Universities Power Engineering Conference

(UPEC) 2006, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon

Tyne, UK, 6th –8th

September 2006.

[15] Arindam Ghosh, Gerard Ledwich, ”Load

Compensating DSTATCOM in Weak AC Systems”, IEEE

Trans. on Power Delivery, vol. 18, no. 4, pp. 1302-1309,

Oct. 2003.

[16] Iurie Axente “Some Investigations on Unified Power

Quality Conditioner”, PhD Thesis, Dublin Institute of

Technology, Ireland, May 2009.

[17] Iurie Axente, Malabika Basu, Michael F. Conlon and

Kevin Gaughan, “A 12-kVA DSP-Controlled Laboratory

Prototype UPQC Capable of Mitigating Unbalance in

Source Voltage and Load Current”, IEEE Trans. on Power

Delivery, vol. 25, no. 6, pp. 1302-1309, June 2010.

Author’s Profile:

Er. Alaa Hamzah Abdullah : Born

in Babel in 1978. He received his

B.Sc from Technical College AL-

musaib(Electrical power Engineering

Techniques) in 2002,He obtained his

Higher Diploma of Techniques in

Electrical power Engineering from

College of Electrical & Electronic Techniques. Presently he

is perusing M. Tech in Power system from SHIATS-

Deemed University, Allahabad, India.

Dr. Surya Prakash belongs to

Allahabad, DOB is 01.05.1971,

Received his Bachelor of Engineering

degree from The Institution of

Engineers (India) in 2003, He

obtained his M.Tech. In Electrical

Engg.(Power System) from KNIT,




Sultanpur. UP-India in 2009, and he has obtained Ph. D in

Electrical Engg.(Power System) from, SHIATS (Formerly

Allahabad Agriculture Institute, Allahabad-India). His field

of interest includes power system operation & control,

Artificial Intelligent control.

Dr. Jyoti Shrivastava has done her

graduation in Electrical Engineering

and her post graduation in Design of

Heavy Electrical Equipments. At

present she is serving as a Senior

Assistant Professor in Electrical

Engineering department at college of

Engineering and Technology, SHIATS,

Allahabad, India. She has several international and National

papers to her credit.

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