Power Structure in Society

B.ARCH 2nd YEAR 3rd SEM BY: AASTHA JAIN BHAVIKA BHARGAVA

KISHAN BODA CHANDNI TANDON GARVITA DHADDA KANTILAL SUTHAR

There are two approaches to the study of stratification:Conflict Approach under which Karl Marx and Weber's theories come.Functionalist Approach under which Talcott Parsons and Davis and Moore's fall.

Marx distinguished the following class grouping in capitalist society:

The propertied upper class

The property less white collar workers

The petty bourgeoisie The manual working

class. 

Concept and Theories For Davis and Moore (1945), the main function of education is role education- the selection & allocation of individuals to their future works.

GRAM PANCHAYAT - a rural self government in India

Gram Panchayat or (village council) is a Village based Self Government in India. The word Panchayat comes from Sanskrit panch meaning five. This is because such councils originally are consisted of five members .Gram Panchayat is the Grass root level statutory institution of Rural Self Government.

STRUCTURE - At least 5 and not more than 25 are to be elected in each village. Member of Panchayat Samity from that village can also be a member of that village Panchayat except the President and Deputy President.

PANCHAYATFirst meeting is organised by B.D.O.(Block Development Officer)In that Meeting members select a head and a vice for the Panchayat by secret vote or ballot.Head or Vice can be dismissed. by the majority votes of the elected candidates.In that meeting Sabhapati cannot lead the meeting for the special purpose relating to the dismissal Pradhan .The chief is called Pradhan or Sarpanch in Gram Panchayat. There is a secretary employed by the state government to assist the Pradhan. The secretary is the communication between the Pradhan or Sarpanch and the B.D.O.(block development officer) ,representative of the state government.

Speech of a Women in Panchayat Meeting

Leading Power of Women in Panchayat

ELIGIBILITY Member of a Gram Panchayat will not be a be a member of Naya

Panchayat, Panchayat Samity, Zilla Porishad/Zilla Parishad or Municipality.

He is not a salaried employee of Central Government, State Government, Gram Panchayat, Panchayat Samity or Zilla Porishad

If a Government co-ordination or an Organization lead by Government dismisses one ,he will not attain the eligibility for Panchayat Election.

A mania declared by court, bankrupt or being punished continuously for six months are not eligible for the post.

If a member of Panchayat is proved to be a corrupt he will not be able to participate as a candidate.

A person can not submit tax, customs or toll, can not join Panchayat. in rural self government.

 There is certain reservation for the women in the participation of Panchayat election .

VALIDITY  Gram Panchayat is organised for five years .Before the date

of collapse, general election of gram Panchayat will be organised. General election means the combined elections of Gram Panchayat, Panchayat Samity, Mahakuma Porishad or Zilla Porishad or any two or more than that Gram Panchayat ,Panchayat Samity, Mahakuma Porishad or Zilla Porishad.

Time may be expanded for 6 years for any part or locality if circumstances of that area is guessed to obstruct the election. But Government should notify in a Government Gadget.

If Government needs more than six month expansion then it should have filed a proposal before State Legislative Assembly .State Legislative Assembly may do necessary amendments to that proposal.

RESIGNATION If a member wishes to resign the post before the date he

can lodge a written resignation to the local B.D.O.(Block Development Officer)

B.D.O. makes all members of that particular Panchayat aware of this fact within 30 days.

For moral degradation, being punished for more than 6 months in jails, due tax ,absence in consecutive three meetings in the Panchayat for which one is elected ,S.D.O.(Sub Division Officer) can dismiss a member.

But he has to be given a chance to show cause for his misbehaviour.

If reply is not received then he can appeal to the definite Authority engaged by the State Government .

The decision taken by this authority will be granted as final decision.

EARNING

Gram Panchayat earns its money(Dollar)for expending in terms of

grant from the State Government in proportion of land revenue and

the grants from the Zila Parishad property tax professional tax, pilgrimage taxes, animal trade

GRAM SABHA

For each and every Gram Panchayat Gramsabha must be conducted. Persons having names in the electoral rolls of State's Legislative Assembly will form the Gramsabha. Each Gram Panchayat will convene meeting annually and half yearly for each and every villages it is consisted of. Panchayat may summon more than two meetings. Place, date and time will be fixed by Panchayat. President (Pradhan) will preside over the meeting. In case of his absence Deputy President(Upo Pradhan) will preside over. But if both are absent ,then the member from that Gram Sabha elected to the Gram Panchayat will preside over the meeting. Members present there must be enlisted and the functions of the Sabha must be written officially. The decision taken in Gram Sabha will be considered in meeting in Gram Panchayat. This along with arrangements will be placed on the report of the Gram Panchayat.

DUTIES OF GRAM PANCHAYAT

construction and repairing work of roads in villages

setting up and repairing of the village markets,

fairs, collection of tax, festivals and celebrations. street lights, Keeping a record of births,

deaths and marriages in the village.

public health and hygiene

free education. and drinking water. sanitation plantation digging ponds, ditch, dams drainage soil reservation solution for problem related

to land dispute primarily solution against problem of

field dispute primarily.

Pond-A Work of Gram Panchayat

Drains -A Work of Panchayat

Plantation- A Work of Gram Panchayat

Purpose of Gram Panchayat

Always the local mob become aware of the administrative authority and keep watching closely the bad administration. Corruption is restrained. They understand what is wrong and what is wrong. It becomes easy to uproot the fault.

They lessen the functions and activities of the Central Government and the State Government. Help to engage themselves in greater subjects.

Wastage of money is marginally controlled by their active participation. They patrol it because they know well that they bear a part of the expenditure of the Self Government.

Last but not least this is a stage for the employment of would be politicians who collect experiences from this step learn politics practically and theoretically.

Gram Panchayat is the power-point of direct rural politics. One is here only to serve the people. He should remember always that , 'government is by the people, of the people and for the people' and people is the god father of him or her. He should have gather patience , compassion, sympathy, sense of humour, improvement and development.