power swing application
TRANSCRIPT
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Energy Sector
Siemens AG 2008
Energy Automation
Proper detection and
treatment of power swing
to reduce the risk of
Blackouts
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Basics
)sin(MLG
MG
XXX
VVP
++
=
!"G !"# !"$
%G
%A
%$
%B
Pma&
P
'0(0( 180(
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nfluence of !oltage angle
Pma&
P$*PG
P
'0(0( 180(
*60(
*120(
*180(
!"G !"# !"$
*60(
%G%A
%$%B
!"G !"# !"$
%G
%A %$%B
*120(
!"G !"# !"$
%G
"A#0
%$%B
*180(
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$ypical impedance tra%ectory
"
,
-* 0(/
-* 60(/
-* 120(/-* 180(/
* 60(
normal loa conition
* 120(
angerous or
istance 3rotection
* 180(
unsta4le 3o5er s5ing
out o ste3 tri33ing
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&e'uired characteristics for power swing detection
(o settingsare re7uire thus no com3le& calculation is neee.
9etection o 3o5er s5ing 5ith fre'uencies up to )0*+.
9etection o 3o5er s5ings that occur during single,pole open
conition an uring aults.
mmeiate un-locking of distance protectionon all :in o aults
occurring uring 3o5er s5ing.
;uic: etection o reappeared power swingater ault clearance.
.ut,of,step trippingin case o unsta4le 3o5er s5ing
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Principle of power swing detection
"
,
automatically siirst im3eance in 3o5er s5ing area?
algorithm starts to
analy
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/ain criteria for power swing detection
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monotony criterion
"
,
3o5er s5ing i
,1 an ,2an
"1 an "2
haCe same irection
3o5er s5ing i
,1an ,2or
"1an "2
haCe same irections
,1
"1
"2
,2
,1
"1"2
,2 ,1
"1"2
,2
no 3o5er s5ing i
,1an ,2an
"1an "2haCe
ierent irections
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continuity criterion
"
,
,
"
3o5er s5ing
i , or "
e&cee a threshol
no 3o5er s5ing
i , an " are
4elo5 the threshol
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smoothness criterion
"
,
3o5er s5ing i
,1 nearly ,2
an "1 nearly "2
no 3o5er s5ing i
,1strong Cary rom ,2
or
"1 strong Cary rom "2,1
"1
"2
,2
,1
"1
"2
,2
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Siemens AG 2008
f three machines oscillating against each other
"
,
m3eance tra@ectory
5ill not ollo5 a
3erect elli3tical 3ath
iicult to manage 5ith 4liners
easy to etect 5ith
criteria monotony
continuity an smoothness
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Siemens AG 2008
uick redetection of power swing after fault inception
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Secure power swing detection during open pole condition
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(ecessity of power swing detection1 eample
3,phase
fault
4) 42
4istri-ution network
43 45
$ransmission network
$rip$rip
$rip $rip
GBus-ar
)
Bus-ar
2
&elay 6
)D3haseDault initiates
a 3o5er s5ing in the
transmission net5or:
Po5er s5ing 4loc:ing
unction 3reCents the
istance relays 91 .. 9+ rom unselectiCe
tri33ing
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mpedance "ector for 4istance &elay 45
"
,
-one
7one 7)
7one 73
7one 72
Zoad
Z9ault
)D3hase reCerse ault?
m3eance Cector
@um3s to Z>ault
3o5er s5ing is initiate 4y
the reCerse ault?he im3eance moCes
on a circular tra@ectory
he 3o5er s5ing 4loc:ing
unction 3reCents an
unselectiCe tri3 4eore
the im3eance Cector
enters the tri33ing
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&otor angle and impedance tra%ectories for sta-le
and unsta-le power swing
istinguish 4et5een sta4le an unsta4le
3o5er s5ing
ri3 only or
unsta4le out o ste3
conition
strong net5or:? tri3
as ast as 3ossi4le
5ea: net5or:? :ee3
the line in serCice
as long as 3ossi4le
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Basic signals for out of step detection
2)
+
"
,
F
1
1. 3o5er s5ing etecte
2. im3eance in out o
ste3 area etecte
). im3eance crosses
the line angle rom
the right sie
+. im3eance leaCes
3o5er s5ing area
at o33osite sie ater
com3lete crossing. im3eance crosses
the line angle rom
the let sie
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special out of step tripping logic
ri3 i the im3eance crosses the line angle ) times insie the
3reeine area
niCiual out o ste3 tri3 4y logical com4ination o 4asic signals
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special out of step tripping scheme
6. ri3 i the im3eance
crosses the line angle
) times insie the
3reeine area
. no tri3 i the im3eance crosses
the line angle outsie
the 3reeine
out o ste3 area
out o ste3 3rotection
4ecomes a selectiCe
unction
"
,
F
6
ri3
o ri3
Hut o ste3 area
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conclusion
istance 3rotection or selectiCe clearing o aults in the 3rotecte
or the 3rotection o the transmission systems o the uture 5erecommen a strong coorination o 3o5er s5ing etection istance
3rotection an out o ste3 3rotection.
his metho successully use in Ia