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SEITE 1
Power-to-Gas demonstration plant Ibbenbüren
Project description and background information
Ulrich Bohn, Florian Lindner – September 2015RWE Deutschland AG
SEITE 2
Renewable power generation grew significantly during the last years
> The „Renewable EnergyLaw“ (originated in april2000) led to intensedevelopment of power generation on renewablebasis
> Main increase in the last years in the sectors„wind power“, „photovoltaics“ and„biomass“
> Current status:
– Hydropower: Nearlycompletely utilised
– Biomass: No significantextension expected due to reduced subsidies
Source: German ministry of economics (2015)
Remark: Wind power nearly exclusively wind onshore
Development of power generation from renewable energy since 1990
Hydropower
Wind power
Biomass
PV
Gen
erat
edel
ectr
icity
[TW
h]
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With a renewable generation target of 80% in 2050, the key challenges are still to come
> Further increase only possibleby extension of stronglyfluctuating sources (wind power and photovoltaics)
> Planned development ofinstalled power (2014 to 2035)*
– Photovoltaics (factor 1,6)from 38 GW to 60 GW
– Wind onshore (factor 2,3)from 38 GW to 89 GW
– Both (factor 2,0)from 76 GW to 149 GW
– In comparision: Load bandwidthin entire Germany approximatelybetween 30 – 80 GW (also in the future)
Regenerative generated share (%) of electricity demand
Reached share
Targets of German government*Average values for 2025 and 2035
1727,8
42,557,5
80
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
2010 2014 2025* 2035* 2050
* According to the German network developmentplan 2015 scenario „B“
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Level and bandwidth of power generation fromrenewable sources will increase extremely
> Today:
– Demand always above generation fromrenewables (at regional level partlyalready inverted!)
– Gap between „green generation“ anddemand filled by existing power plants
> Future (2030):
– Generation from renewables nearlyalways higher or lower than demand=> necessary balance not existing
– Frequent and expensive shut-downs ofplants for renewable generation expected
– Future availabilty of conventional power plants unclear due to questionable economic situation
German demand versus generation fromrenewables – exemplary presentation over
500 hours
Regenerative generation today
Load curve today
Load curve 2030
Regenerative generation 2030
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Demand sidemanagement
Power-to-Gas is a long-term option for balancing supply and demand of electricity
> There is not one option that fits all scenarios
> Instead, a combination of different methods is getting more and morelikely
> Single methods do not have tocompete with each other – a reasonable amendment is probable
> Specific application and point in time depend on the achievedstatus of „green generation“ andgrid extension
> In this context usage of „Power-to-Gas“ for electricity storing onlyexpected in the long term
Time20502015 2025 2035
Influencedarea
Small
Big
Electricity market Germany Gas market Germany
Consumption ~ 550 TWh
Storage ~ 0,04 TWh
Consumption ~ 870 TWh
Storage ~ 240 TWh
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Power-to-Gas creates flexibility by connecting the gas and the electricity grid
Underground-storages
Pow
er g
rid
Gas
grid
Fluctuating electricity from
renewable sources
CO2
H2 CH4
Optional(not at
Ibbenbüren)
Already existing
5.000 times higher storage
capacities in the gas grid
compared to power grid
Mobility
Heating
MethanationElectrolysis
Gas powerplant / CHP
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In Ibbenbüren RWE is piloting a plant to produce hydrogen via electrolysis
> Electrolysis with innovative PEM (Proton Exchange Membrane)-Technology
> Standard operating point 150 kW (el. consumption)
> Production of approx. 30 m³N/h hydrogen at 14 bar(g) – Feed-in into the regional gas grid of RWE Deutschland AG
> Production of approx. 15 m³N/h oxygen – vented to surrounding
> Electrolysis operated with excl. „green“ electricity
Compartment of the electrolysis (length 6 m)
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Simplified process of the plant
Electricity grid
Rectifier
Water grid
Atmosphere
Gas grid
Water treatment
Hydrogen treatment
Heat exchanger
Hydrogen
Oxygen
Water (demineralized)
Electrolyser (container plant)
Sepa-rator
+
Sta
ck
Sta
ck
Sta
ckCirculation
pump
Gas station „Groner Allee“
Heat
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Further details of the plant
> Electrolysis built into a 20-ft-Container (length: 6 meter), weight approx. 12 to
> Max. overload: ca. 130% based on normal operating point (40 m³N/h hydrogen)
> Purity of hydrogen: 99,9% (requirement for H2-mobility met)
> Waste heat of electrolysis used in gas station at a temperature level of 55° C
> Total efficiency (electricity and heat): approx. 86% (71% power to H2)
> Flexibility:
– Cold start up within 300 seconds
– Warm start up immediately
– Response time within 2 seconds
> SIEMENS safety and automation techniques applied (SIEMENS-PLC)
> Automated operation via remote control from dispatch centre at WESTNETZ GmbH
> TÜV Nord: Certification of plant and safety concept
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The hydrogen is fed into the local gas station
> Hydrogen is fed-in at the outlet side of the gas station – no further compression needed
> Hydrogen together with natural gas is distributed in Ibbenbüren and surrounding
> Ideal condition for hydrogen feed in in Ibbenbüren as also in summer high gas volumes are distributed
> No differences in calorific value within the downstream-grid due to one feed in only
> Hydrogen is used in CHP in Ibbenbürenconnected to the local heating grid
– CHPs raise overall efficiency
– Swap into a mixture of natural gas and hydrogen
Regional RWE high pressure pipelines
Gas station „Groner Allee“
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The system solution in Ibbenbüren reduces energylosses by a high degree of cross-linking
Power grid Gas gridHeatPower
to Gas-plant
ElectricityUnder-groundstorage
CHPLocal
heatinggrid
Natural gas
Natural gas
HeatElectricity (after storage process)
Hydrogen
First step of energyconversion
Second step of energyconversion
In both steps ofconversion utilisation
of waste heat
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Multiple utilisation of waste heat increases total efficiency substantially up to 75%
Losses(related to beginning of process) 14% 1% 10%
15%Utilisation of heat(related to beginning of process) 31%
+ -
Electro-lysis
H2~71%
therm ~15%
Gas grids &
storages
~99%
CHP
el ~41%therm ~44%
Electri-city
100%Electricity
71%H2
70%CH4 + H2 29%
Electricity
Sum = 25%
Sum = 46%
Heat
Heat
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The project contributes to the development and deployment of the Power-to-Gas technology> Gain operational experience for electrolysis in the context of renewable energy
– First PtG plant in Germany with
• Waste heat concept
• Direct feed-in into a 16 bar regional gas transportation system without additional hydrogen compression
– Second electrolysis with innovative PEM-Technology in Germany; Technology advancement with regard to:
• Efficiency of stacks and power electronics
• Stack size (reduced costs) and purity of hydrogen
• Plant engineering (simplified)
> The project will contribute to further cost reduction and increase in efficiency etc.
> Commercially: Check and validation of business models in the field of power to gas