Power Tools & Equipment

Chapter 4Chapter 4

Compressed Air Systems

Air Compressor- A machine by which outside air is

drawn in, compressed into a tank or cylinder, and stored, so that its expansion or release may be utilized as a source of pneumatic power.

Compressed Air Systems

The recommended maximum operating air pressure for a shop is 150psi.

Compressed Air Systems

Quick Disconnect Couplings Quick disconnect couplings are

designated as connecting devices designed to permit easy and immediate connection and separation of air or fluid for pneumatic or hydraulic lines without the need for tools.

Compressed Air Systems Air Pressure Regulator A pressure regulator

automatically sets and controls the compressor’s operating pressure. Regulators are used to allow high-pressure supply lines or tanks to be reduced to safe and/or usable pressures for various applications.

Typical Compressed Air System

Compressor

Air Tools

Pneumatic tools or air tools are tools driven by compressed air supplied by a compressor.

Air tools need to be periodically lubricated to minimize wear and to assure maximum service life.

Air wrenches are designed to remove and install metal fasteners, rapidly.

Air Tools

Air impact rotation is typically controlled by a lever or button.

Since the air tool has a great amount of power or torque, the technician must use great care not to damage bolts, nuts, or fasteners when using an air wrench.

Air Tools

Air Ratchet- An air ratchet is used to work in hard-to-

reach places where other tools might be difficult or impossible to use. The drive-end of an air ratchet is typically 3/8” inch square, however, they also come in ¼” or ½” sizes as well.

The air ratchet, like the air impact, does not accurately tighten bolts or

nuts, so a torque wrench must be used for final tightening to assure correct torque is applied to the bolts or nuts.

Air Tools Air Hammer

An air hammer is a device that uses highly pressurized air to drive a hammer into a work piece for shaping, scoring, or cutting. Air hammers have variable tips. For shaping and plenishing, a hammer tip is used. For scoring or cutting, a chisel tip is used. Whatever tip is used, it will be pounded thousands of times per minute into the targeted object, so operators must take care and use caution. The air hammer must be placed directly against the work surface to prevent the driven bit from flying out of the end of the tool and causing personal injury or damage. These tools are very noisy, so ear protection is a must.

Air Tools

Solvent Gun- A solvent gun is used to clean parts that do not fit

into a solvent tank. Care must be taken with the solvent used, not to contaminate the environment.

Blow Gun- An air-powered blow gun is used to dry off or clean

out the inside of hard to reach areas of parts. Caution must be used with the blow gun to prevent personal injury from air embolism. This happens when the air is injected into or under the skin. Only safety tipped nozzles should be used on blow guns.

Air Tools

Air Drill- Features and Benefits: Lightweight,

compact size is easy to handle, and provides full power in forward and reverse drilling applications. Aluminum body with rubber handle grip. Easy control trigger for operator convenience and variable speed control.

Rotary files and abrasive disks can be used with the air drill at slow speeds to clean heavy gasket deposits and de-burr rough metal edges easily.

Electric Tools Bench Grinder- Usually has two wheels, a

grinding stone and a wire wheel. It may be used for sharpening cutting tools such as lathe tools or drill bits. Alternatively it may be used to roughly shape metal prior to welding or fitting.

Wire brush or buffing wheels are often mounted in place of the grinding wheels and are used to clean or polish work-pieces.

Electric Tools Bench Grinder – Safety Rules 1. The tool rest (or work rest) should be mounted

slightly below the center of the grinding wheel with less than 3 mm clearance from the wheel. This prevents the work from jamming between the tool rest and the wheel.

2. Grinding wheels designed for steel should not be used for grinding softer metals, like aluminum. The soft metal gets lodged in the pores of the wheel and expand with the heat of grinding. This can dislodge pieces of the grinding wheel.

3. Wire brushes require particular attention for the safety of the operator and bystanders as the metal wires may become dangerous projectiles as they could bind with the object being brushed and so throw it away with great energy.

4. The machine needs to be securely mounted to a pillar or a bench to be used safely and effectively, often with an emergency stop switch or pedal fitted close by the machine, for use in emergencies.

Electric Tools Drill Bits and the Drill Chuck Drill bits are cutting tools used to create

cylindrical holes. Bits are held in a tool called a drill, which rotates them and provides axial force to create the hole. They are commonly made of high-speed steel, while some specialized drill bits can be made of high-carbon steel or titanium. The drill bits are clamped into the drill chuck using the chuck key to tighten it. The drill motor is usually sized by the largest diameter drill bit that will fit into the drill chuck. Common chuck sizes include ¼”, 3/8”, and ½”.

Electric Tools - Parts of a Drill Press

A bench-top or stationary power tool used to spin a drill at a controlled speed, a controlled location, and to a controlled depth. The drill press gives you precision and controlled drilling.

Electric Tools 5 Drill Press Safety Rules 1. Be careful not to drill into the vises or drill

press table. 2. Use vises clamped to the drill press table if

there is the chance that your work piece might spin when drilling.

3. Only change drill press speed while the drill press is running.

4. Do not run the drill speed too fast. If you hear any squeaking, the drill speed is too fast or you are not plunging fast enough. Ask for help if you are not sure what speed to use.

5. Be sure to clean up the drill press table top, base, and surrounding floor immediately when finished with the machine.

Hydraulic Tools

Hydraulic tools use high pressure fluid to exert the necessary forces. Examples of Automotive Tools that are hydraulic include:

Floor Jack Transmission Jack Bottle Jack Vehicle Hoist Engine Hoist

Hydraulic Tools

Floor JackTransmission Jack

Bottle Jack

Vehicle Hoist

Engine Hoist

Hydraulic Press

Hydraulic Tools

Floor Jack – Used to lift vehicles by placing under the frame, suspension arms, or specific lift points.

Transmission Jack – Used to raise and lower transmissions during clutch jobs and transmission repairs. It uses specially designed attachments to hold the transmission securely to the jack and allows the unit to be tilted as necessary to facilitate transmission installation.

Bottle Jack – Has many varied lifting applications. Vehicle Hoist – Used to raise vehicles in order to make

repairs under the vehicle faster and more convenient. Engine Hoist – Used to remove and install engines or other

heavy engine parts, such as intake manifolds or cylinder heads.

Hydraulic Press – used to remove, reassemble, and re-install bearings, gears, shafts, and other subassemblies requiring great controlled pushing or pulling force.

Other Shop Equipment

Arbor Press – is similar to a hydraulic press but uses a screw type jack to exert force.

Other Shop Equipment Jack Stands – Never work under or Never work under or

around a vehicle that is not properly around a vehicle that is not properly supported by supported by jack standsjack stands!!

Other Shop Equipment Engine Stand – Once the engine has been

removed from the vehicle, it can be mounted securely to an engine stand to facilitate working on the engine.

Other Shop Equipment Cold Solvent Tank – contains a cleaning solution

used to sanitize automotive parts and subassemblies before repair and reinstallation.

Other Shop Equipment Pressure Washer - A pressure washer

is an engine powered device that uses high-pressure water to remove deposits of dirt and grease from automotive assemblies and subassemblies.

Other Shop Equipment Oxy-Acetylene Torch - An Oxy-Acetylene torch is

used to weld metals. Welding metal results when two pieces are heated to a temperature that produces a shared pool of molten metal. The molten pool is generally supplied with additional metal called filler. Filler material depends upon the metals to be welded.

In Oxy-fuel cutting, a cutting torch is used to heat metal to kindling temperature. A stream of oxygen then trained on the metal combines with the metal which then flows out of the cut (kerf) as an oxide slag

Oxy-fuel welders can also be used for heating and bending metals. By controlling the rate of cool down different hardness of metal can be achieved.

Other Shop Equipment

Oxy-Acetylene Torch

Other Shop Equipment Battery Charger - An electronic device that

provides a controlled voltage and current to a battery to maintain the battery in a fully charged state

CAUTION!CAUTION!

Car batteries that are being charged, give off hydrogen gas which is

flammable and explosive. Keep open flame and sparks away from

battery! Always unplug charger before disconnecting clamps from battery!

Other Shop Equipment

Drop Light - provides light when working under the hood or under a vehicle.

Other Shop Equipment Jumper Cables – can be used to start

a vehicle with a dead battery by connecting to another vehicle that has a good battery.

Other Shop Equipment Creeper - is used by a technician to lay

on when working under a vehicle, and should always be stood up out of the way when not in use.

Other Shop Equipment Tool Carts – or Utility Carts are used

to hold a limited number of tools for easy access for a specific task.

Other Shop Equipment

Fender Covers - protect the finish and visual appearance on any vehicle being worked on.

QUESTIONS?

CHECK THE TEXTBOOK IF YOU CAN NOT FIND SOME OF THE ANSWERS!

THEN CHECK WITH THREE OTHER STUDENTS TO FIND THE ANSWERS!

FINALLY, CHECK WITH THE INSTRUCTOR

Sincerely, Mr. Bloom