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TRANSCRIPT
2015 Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory
Report
A Summary Presentation
prepared for
September 2016
• 2008: Phoenix City Council adopted a mandate to reduce
greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions to 5% below the 2005 levels
by 2015.
• 2009: 2005 GHG Inventory for city operations completed
– GHG emissions projected to rise 14% if the city did not take appropriate
action
• 2012: Inventory update found that Phoenix already surpassed
the 5% reduction goal
– Phoenix City Council adopted a new goal to reduce GHG emissions to 15%
below 2005 levels by 2015
2015 Goal: 15% Reduction
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550,000
600,000
650,000
700,000
750,000
800,000
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
MT
CO
2e
Year
Chart TitleNo Action Taken:
Projected Emissions
14% Above 2005 Emissions
2005 Baseline Emissions: 696,709 MT CO2e
Original Goal: 5% Below 2005 Emissions Levels
2012 Inventory Update:
Measured Emissions
7.2% Below 2005 Emissions
Actual 2015 Emissions:
588,153 MT CO2e
15.6% Below 2005 Emissions
GHG Inventory Timeline
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Reductions By Reporting Sector
Fugitive and Process Emissions
-48,367
Water Services-28,439
Buildings Electricity
-17,281
Fleet Fuels-12,855
T&D Loss-2,888
TrafficSignals-2,488
StreetLighting-1,063
GAC Hauling and Regeneration
588
Employee Commute
838
Stationary Combustion
3,398
Changes in GHG Emissions Between 2005 and 2015
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2015 Reporting Scopes
Total GHG emissions related to city of Phoenix operations in 2015 was
588,153 MT CO2e emissions.
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Most Impactful Changes
1. Reduction of fugitive and process emissions(-48,367 MT CO2e)
2. Renewable energy generation • 4.3% of energy used in 2015• 12,550 MT CO2e emissions avoided• Reduction of building electricity emissions and water
services emissions
3. Switch in the fuel profile (-12,855 MT CO2e)
4. LED traffic signal retrofits (-2,488 MT CO2e)
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• Updated Global Warming Potentials (GWPs)
• Updated Emissions Factors for GHG Inventories from EPA
– Including eGRID emission rates
• The 2012 inventory reported 678,150 total MT CO2e (2005)
• The 2015 inventory now reports 696,709 total MT CO2e (2005)
Changes in Data
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GreenhouseGas
IPCC AR2 GWP
IPCC AR4GWP
CO2 1 1
CH4 21 25
N2O 310 298
Emissions from
Phoenix municipal
operations fell by
15.6%, from 696,709
to 588,153 metric tons
of CO2e between
2005 and 2015.2
62
,17
5
38
6,0
46
48
,48
8
69
6,7
09
20
4,3
50
33
6,7
76
47
,02
6
58
8,1
53
0
100,000
200,000
300,000
400,000
500,000
600,000
700,000
800,000
Scope 1Emissions
Scope 2Emissions
Scope 3Emissions
Total GHGEmissions
Municipal Operations Comparison, 2005 and 2015
2005 2015
Overview of Emissions
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Scope 1 Summary2005-2015
MT CO2e Change% Change
Stationary Combustion 3,398 46%
Fugitive and Process Emissions -48,367 -40%
Fleet Fuels -12,856 -9%
Total Scope 1 Emissions -57,825 -22%
26
2,1
75
13
5,4
86
11
9,2
91
7,3
98
20
4,3
50
12
2,6
30
70
,92
4
10
,79
6
0
50,000
100,000
150,000
200,000
250,000
300,000
Scope 1 Emissions Fleet Fuels Fugitive and ProcessEmissions
Stationary Combustion
Municipal OperationsCO2e Emissions
2005 2015
Scope 1 Emissions Summary
Scope 2 Summary2005-2015
MT CO2e Change% Change
Buildings Electricity -17,281 -9%
Street Lighting -1,063 -3%
Traffic Signals -2,488 -32%
Water Services -28,439 -18%
Total Scope 2 Emissions -49,270 -13%
38
6,0
46
18
4,3
61
15
5,4
32
38
,51
8
7,7
36
33
6,7
76
16
7,0
80
12
6,9
93
37
,45
5
5,2
48
-
50,000
100,000
150,000
200,000
250,000
300,000
350,000
400,000
450,000
Scope 2 TotalEmissions
Buildings Electricity Water Services Street Lighting Traffic Signals
Municipal OperationsCO2e Emissions
2005 2015
Scope 2 Emissions Summary
Scope 3 Summary2005-2015
MT CO2e Change% Change
Employee Commute 838 3%
Transmission and Distribution Loss -2,888 -16%
GAC Hauling and Regeneration 588 N/A
Total Scope 3 Emissions -1,462 -3%
48
,48
8
30
,67
2
17
,81
6
0
47
,02
6
31
,51
0
14
,92
8
588
0
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
Scope 3 Emissions Employee Commute Transmission andDistribution Loss
GAC Hauling andRegeneration
Municipal OperationsCO2e Emissions
2005 2015
Scope 3 Emissions Summary
Solid Waste: Landfill-
Specific Characteristics
Landfill-Specific Characteristics Measured by City of Phoenix
Landfill
2005 Landfill-Specific Characteristics 2015 Landfill Specific-Characteristics
Destruction
Efficiency
Collection
Efficiency
Oxidation
Rate
Destruction
Efficiency
Collection
Efficiency
Oxidation
Rate
Skunk Creek Landfill 99% 50% 10% 98% 85% 25%
27th Ave Landfill 97% 85% 10% 98% 85% 25%
Del Rio Landfill 89% 50% 10% 89% 50% 10%
Deer Valley Landfill 92% 75% 10% 92% 75% 10%
19th Avenue Landfill 98% 85% 10% 98% 85% 10%
Estes Landfill 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%
SR-85 Landfill 0% 0% 0% 98% 90% 25%
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Solid Waste Emissions
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Subsector2005 2015
Total Energy
Consumption
Total Energy
Consumption
Renewable Energy
Generation
Net Energy
Consumption
Buildings Electricity (kWh) 308,654,486 329,202,339 11,073,456 318,128,883
Buildings Natural Gas (therms) 1,202,280 1,919,621 -- 1,919,621
Street Lighting (kWh) 64,485,926 71,316,538 -- 71,316,538
Traffic Signals (kWh) 12,951,310 9,993,097 -- 9,993,097
Water Services (kWh) 260,221,729 254,622,318 12,821,727 241,800,591
2005
2015
Buildings and Facilities
Emissions
Consumption and Renewable Energy Generation by Department
Department 2005 Usage (kWh) 2015 Usage (kWh)2015 Renewable Energy
Generation
Aviation 146,623,742 163,282,319 8,393,344
Convention Center 20,677,290 29,785,775 125,800
Fire 12,351,668 14,499,768 58,384
Housing Services 15,671,524 10,801,435 46,707
Human Services 2,422,428 2,412,965 262,728
PRLD-Libraries 7,940,129 8,097,824 148,251
PRLD-Recreation 31,687,827 34,908,714 70,353
Public Transit 1,258,319 1,708,064 43,788
Public Works 54,102,114 38,062,376 1,924,101
Water Services 260,221,729 254,622,318 12,821,727
Totals 552,956,771 558,181,588 23,895,183
*Department with no renewable energy generation not included in table.
Renewable Energy
Summary
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16
City Fleet Emissions
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Switching from diesel to CNG and B20 decreased City fleet GHG emissions.
Water Services Emissions
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• Employee commuting emissions are dominated by gasoline
in both 2005 and 2015.
• 2015 accounted for bus and light rail which was not
reported in originally 2005. However, bus commuting miles
have been backcasted for 2005.
Fuel Type2005 2015
Commuting
MilesMT CO2e
Commuting
MilesMT CO2e
Gasoline 80,555,678 30,153 83,504,307 31,091
Electric 36,477 10 52,927 14
CNG 277,905 80 264,775 45
LPG 284,192 88 311,161 58
E85 12,609 2 460,061 80
Hydrogen -- -- 1,790 0
Bus* 3,158,885 338 3,158,239 184
Light Rail‡ -- -- 289,157 38
Total 84,325,745 30,672 92,659,836 31,829
*Commuting miles for 2005 were backcast from 2015 levels using employment data.‡The Valley Metro Light Rail did not exist in 2005.
Employee Commuting
Emissions
2015 Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Reduction Report
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Thank you to city of Phoenix employees, residents and
business owners, who are on the ground supporting the city’s
efforts and who are working toward reducing their own
greenhouse gas emissions. It may seem like we have a long
way to go, but as this report proves, we can make a difference.
2015 Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Reduction Report
sustainabilitysolutions.asu.edu
Questions?Kiki Hooton
Dr. Richard Rushforth [email protected]
Dr. Rajesh [email protected]