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ORUWA / Thomas Petersson | Issue 1
UDT 2020
ORUWA / Thomas Petersson
2020-02-25
ASW using LWTs from Submarines
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ORUWA / Thomas Petersson | Issue 1
ASW Using LWTs from Submarines
• Background
• ASW – The Challenge
• ASW from Surface Units
• ASW from Submarines
• LWTs on Submarines
• Current Swedish LWTs
• Summary
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ORUWA / Thomas Petersson | Issue 1
Background – HWTs in Sweden
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Operational
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ORUWA / Thomas Petersson | Issue 1
Background – LWTs in Sweden
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Operational
and New
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ORUWA / Thomas Petersson | Issue 1
Background – LWTs in Sweden
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Surface Ship
Craft of Opportunity
Aircraft
Submarine
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ASW – The Challenge
• In blue waters:
- Few problems exist with hydro acoustic disturbancescaused by reverberation and other sources of noise.
- When a target is detected, the possibilities toescape are limited.
- A fire-and-forget torpedo can be used effectively.The launch trajectory and the time required to enter acontrolled and stable run are less critical.
- A torpedo must be dimensioned to sustain the waterpressure when combating deep sea targets.
• In shallow waters:
- Reverberation from the surface and from the seabed,and other sources of noise, are frequent.
- Influence from sound-velocity gradients are generallylarger, meaning that significant refraction occurs.
- A submarine can hide near or on the seabed,in areas where seabed reverberation is high.
- The systems must be designed for shallow watersand a complex hydro acoustic environment.
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X
Y
Z
X
Y
In deep waters the distance to the target
can be in the same order of magnitude
as the water depth.
This can be generalised into a three
dimensional scenario (X-Y-Z volume).
In shallow waters the combat- and detection
ranges can be much greater than
the depth. Here the majority of actions
take place over a horizontal area.
This can be generalized into a two
dimensional scenario (X-Y plane).
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ORUWA / Thomas Petersson | Issue 1
ASW – The Challenge
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Sound Velocity
Shadow Zone
Distance from the transmitter
Sound VelocityDistance from the transmitter
Baltic Sea - Winter Conditions
Distance from the transmitter
Sound Velocity
Shadow Zone
Shadow Zone
Sound VelocityDistance from the transmitter
Baltic Sea - Summer Conditions
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ORUWA / Thomas Petersson | Issue 1
ASW from Surface Units
• In Anti-Submarine Warfare (ASW) from a surface unit
there is an asymmetry between hunter and target:
- The detection range for a Hull Mounted Sonar (HMS)
or a Dipping Sonar (DS) can be extremely reduced.
- The submarine takes advantage of
hydro-acoustic shadow zones.
- The surface units may be affected by adverse weather
conditions and hostile activities.
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ORUWA / Thomas Petersson | Issue 1
ASW from Submarines
• In Anti-Submarine Warfare (ASW) from a submarine the
asymmetry between hunter and target is reduced:
- The detection ranges for the submarine sensors
(FAS and CAS) are comparable.
- Both submarines can utilize hydro-acoustic shadow zones
to their advantage.
- Both submarines operate in the same environment and are
not affected by the sea state and weather conditions.
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ORUWA / Thomas Petersson | Issue 1
LWTs on Submarines – Dedicated Tubes
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VGD Class Arrangement
6 x HWT Tubes
3 x LWT Tubes (x 2 Torpedoes)
Total: 6 + 6 Torpedoes (RTF)
GTD Class Arrangement
4 x HWT Tubes
2 x LWT Tubes (x 2 Torpedoes)
Total: 4 + 4 Torpedoes (RTF)
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LWTs on Submarines – 53 cm Tubes
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For integration of LWTs
on submarines equipped
with HWT tubes.
A tube insert that can be handled as a unit load is used to adapt
the existing 53 cm torpedo tubes to the LWTs.
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ORUWA / Thomas Petersson | Issue 1
LWTs on Submarines – Dedicated Tubes
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Torpedoes are taken
onboard using the same
systems and methods
as used for HWTs.
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LWTs on Submarines – Logical Integration
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GTD Class Arrangement
4 x HWT Tubes
2 x LWT Tubes (x 2 Torpedoes)
Total: 4 + 4 Torpedoes (RTF)
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Current Swedish LWTs
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Torpedo 45 Torpedo 47ASW/(ASuW) ASW/(ASuW)
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Current Swedish LWTs - Tp47 Overview
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FLS
Proximity
Fuse
Stator / Rotor / Duct
Warhead
Computer & Electronics
Battery(Lithium Iron Phosphate)
Wire / Fibre Magazine
ConnectorMotor
Servos / Rudders
FLS Electronics
SAI
Torpedo 47 Key Features
• Homing System Resolution
• Communication by Wire
• Wide Speed Range
• Neutral Buoyancy
• Endurance
• Silent Run
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ORUWA / Thomas Petersson | Issue 1
LWTs on Submarines – Benefits
• From an operational perspective
- Optimized solution using a submarine for ASW
- Provides a secondary additional ASuW capability
- Can be used as a self defence weapon
- Evolutionary use as an Anti-Torpedo Torpedo (ATT)
• From a logistics perspective
- Weapon system with smaller on-board footprint
- Increases the number of ready to fire torpedoes
• From a design perspective:
- Robust and can withstand higher shock-loads
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ORUWA / Thomas Petersson | Issue 1
Summary
• LWTs on Swedish Submarines- Utilizes dedicated smaller torpedo tubes
- Have been operational for decades
• A Tube Insert can be used for integration- Can be handled as a unit load
- Compatible with existing HWT handling systems
- Flexible use of the fixed HWT tubes
• Using LWTs from submarines- Smaller on-board footprint
- Increased number of RTF torpedoes
- Robust system
- Additional self defense capability
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ORUWA / Thomas Petersson | Issue 1
Thank YouThomas Petersson / ORUWA