pp perfect tenses (mi version)
DESCRIPTION
perfect tensesTRANSCRIPT
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PRESENT PERFECTSIMPLE
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POSITIVE
I have (‘ve)
You have (‘ve)
He has (‘s)
She has (‘s) + past participle
It has (‘s)
We have (‘ve)
You have (‘ve)
They have (‘ve)
He has travelled a lot or He’s travelled a lot
Form:
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QUESTION
Have I
Have you
Has he
Has she + past participle ?
Has it
Have we
Have you
Have they
Have you written these books ?
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NEGATIVE
I have not (haven´t)
You have not (haven´t)
He has not (hasn´t)
She has not (hasn’t) + past participle
It has not (hasn´t)
We have not (haven´t)
You have not (haven´t)
They have not (haven´t)
They haven’t been to school
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SHORT ANSWERS
Yes, I / you / we / they / have
he/ she / it has
No, I / you / we / they/ haven’t
he / she/ it hasn’t
Have you painted the room ? Has he brushed his teeth ?
Yes, we have No, he hasn’t
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Use:
We use the present perfect simple to talk about something that happened in the past and has a connection with the present
He has had a problem with his leg
(It means that his leg is still broken)
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When we talk about actions or situations in the past without a definite time He has lost his key
When we give information about a recent event
Spanish scientists have made important discoveries about cancer
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When we talk about things we have done until now
I have painted ten pictures so far
When we talk about experiences we have had in life:
Have you been to China?
No, I haven’t but I’d love to
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With the following time expressions:
EVER (alguna vez), NEVER (nunca)
Have you ever flown in a hot air balloon?
I haver never seen a ghost
JUST (acabar de)
He has just won a prize
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ALREADY ( positive) (ya), YET ( question, negative) (aún, todavía)
I have already made the bed
The class hasn’t started yet
FOR (durante), SINCE (desde)
He has done his homework for half an hour
They have worked here since February
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PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS
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POSITIVE
I have (‘ve) been
You have (‘ve) been
He has (‘s) been
She has (‘s) been Verb+ -ing
It has (‘s) been
We have (‘ve) been
You have (‘ve) been
They have (‘ve) been
He has been running for a long time or He’s been running for a long time
Form:
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QUESTION
Have I been
Have you been
Has he been
Has she been Verb+ -ing ?
Has it been
Have we been
Have you been
Have they been
Have they been playing ?
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NEGATIVE
I have not (haven´t) been
You have not (haven´t) been
He has not (hasn´t) been
She has not (hasn’t) been
It has not (hasn´t) been Verb+ -ing
We have not (haven´t) been
You have not (haven´t) been
They have not (haven´t) been
She hasn’t been having a good time
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SHORT ANSWERS
Yes, I / you / we / they / have
he/ she / it has
No, I / you / we / they/ haven’t
he / she/ it hasn’t
Have you been cooking? Has he been working?
Yes, we have No, he hasn’t
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Use:
We use the present perfect continuous to talk about actions or situations that started in the past and are still in progress
He has been learning English for five years
(He is still learning English)
Past Now
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When we talk about actions or situations that have recently stopped but they still have present results
You are wet . Yes, It has been raining a lot !
When we talk about repeated actions
I have been sending him a lot of messages all day
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With “ How long ” questions
How long has she been listening to music?
With the following time expressions:
-recently -lately -since -for -all day -all morning
He has been driving lately
I have been drawing since five o´clock
What have you been doing recently?
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What is the difference
between The Present Perfect Continuous
…
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and the Present Perfect Simple?
They have been reading a book about witches
We are interested in the activity,
the action has not finished
They have read a book about witches
We pay attention to the result of the activity.
The action has finished
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What is the difference
between the Present Perfect
…
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and the Past Simple?
He has travelled a lot in his current job
This is a past action that comes up to the present.
It is not finished
He travelled a lot in his previous job
This is an action about the past.
It is finished
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She has been an invalid all her life
She is still alive
She was an invalid all her life
She is dead
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Present perfect Past simple
* We describe past events * We describe past events
that have a connection with that finished
the present time
* Time expressions that * Time expressions that
can be used: for, since, just, we use: for, in 2008,
yet, before, already, ever, last night, yesterday,
never, so far, over the last ago, in April, on Monday
few years… in April, at 5.30, when I was
a child…
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PAST PERFECTSIMPLE
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FORM
POSITIVE
I have (‘ve)
You have (‘ve)
He has (‘s)
She has (‘s) + past participle
It has (‘s)
We have (‘ve)
You have (‘ve)
They have (‘ve)
• He had travelled a lot• He’d travelled a lot
POSITIVE
I had (‘d) You had (‘d)
He had (‘d) She had (‘d) + past participle
It had (‘d) We had (‘d)
You had (‘d) They had (‘d)
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Had you written these books ?
QUESTION
Had I Had you Had he Had she + past participle ? Had it Had we Had you Had they
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NEGATIVE
I had not (hadn´t)
You had not (hadn´t)
He had not (hadn´t)
She had not (hadn’t) + past participle
It had not (hadn´t)
We had not (hadn´t)
You had not (hadn´t)
They had not (hadn´t)
They hadn’t been to school
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USES A completed action before another activity in the past
When we arrived, the concert had already finished
It had got/gotten worse before it got better
.
By the time I watched my favorite program, I had drunk a cup of bee
By the time I got to the market, most of the stalls had already been closed
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PAST PERFECTCONTINUOUS
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USES
We use the Past Perfect Continuous to show that something started in the past and continued up until another time in the past:
Mike wanted to sit down because he had been standing all day at work.
James had been teaching at the university for more than a year before he left for Asia.
A: How long had you been studying Turkish before you moved to Ankara?
B: I had not been studying Turkish very long.
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Using the Past Perfect Continuous before another action in the past is a good way to show cause and effect.
Examples:
Jason was tired because he had been jogging.
Sam gained weight because he had been overeating.
Betty failed the final test because she had not been attending class.
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FUTURE PERFECT
SIMPLE
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FORM
POSITIVE
I will have
You will have
He will have.
She will have + past participle
It will have
We will have
You will have
They will have
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NEGATIVE
I will not have
You will not have
He will not have
She will not have + past participle
It will not have
We will not have
You will not have
They will not have
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QUESTIONS
Will I have
Will you have
Will he have
Will she have + past participle?
Will it have
Will we have
Will you have
Will they have
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USES Actions that will be finished before some point in the future
They will have graduated from Cambridge by July 2009.
I will have retired by the end of the year.
I read 40 pages a day. If I keep up the pace, I will have read the book by Tuesday.