PPPs with Civil Society to counter violent extremism and radicalization

that lead to terrorism

OSCE conference Kyiv October 2013

An approach on CVERLT

from Civil Society

GOVERNMENT

BUSINESS FAMILY

C S

mobilisation, articulation and pursuits of interests

expression to social, religious and cultural needs

Counter balance control and regulation from Government side

demand and facilitate Governments to fulfill their duties if absent

facilitate Business sector to invest where necessary +Enabling business conditions

limit the inherent tendencyof Business sector

to expand their control

Institutional means for mediation betweenconflicting interest

private

public

informalformal

not for profit

for profit

Checks&Balances

GOVERNMENT

BUSINESS FAMILY

C S

mobilisation, articulation and pursuits of interests

expression to social, religious and cultural needs

Counter balance control and regulation from Government side

demand and facilitate Governments to fulfill their duties if absent

facilitate Business sector to invest where necessary +Enabling business conditions

limit the inherent tendencyof Business sector

to expand their control

Institutional means for mediation betweenconflicting interest

private

public

informalformal

not for profit

for profit

Checks&Balances

PPPs

2 types of PPPs

• Linear: well defined design and tasks, tendering & contracting, activity-based and output-driven, relatively few actors involved, clear governance structure

• Multi-dimensional: multi-stakeholder, collective design and planning, co-ownership, process and impact oriented, community of change - inclusive, complex governance structure

Examples of complex PPPs on CVERLT

• Mali – HS&CVE project: building Human Security agenda and structure, Regional/Nat CS + ECOWAS + Mali Gov, local security committees

• Strengthening border control Kenya-Somalia: involvement of business community

• Majengo, Kenya: Al-Shabaab recruitment ground, partnership between Kenyan Transition initiative, Local Provincial Admin and Local CSOs; building trust and shifting from community targeting -> comm. orientation

• Peace and Development Program Magdalena Medio, Colombia: citizens driven, long term, broad alliance: Churches, Chamber of Comm, Extractives Industrie, armed groups, Colombian Gov.

• Reintegracion ex-Paramilitaries Cali: micro-empresas, creating business infrastr.- transforming war economy, Gov/Business/CS

• FATF-rec 8: terrorism financing; partnership FATF-CSOs on risk assessment and implementation, transnational approach

Why are PPPs with CS on CVERLT complex?

• CS works on CVERLT, but does not brand it as CT/CVE; different interest, different agenda’s

• Where CVERLT can be most effective, engagement is most difficult due to legal and social-cultural/political reasons

• PPPs become counterproductive when space for CS has been restricted

• Many security measures work on the basis of exclusion, while CS maintains an inclusive paradigm

Finding: Civil Society is not very prone to partner with the Security Sector

• General notion: CVERLT cannot be done effectively without partnering with CS

• CT/CVE sector should build partnerships on the historical principles and experiences from CS-pillars as Development, Peace-building, Interreligious Dialogue, Women Leadership and Empowerment, Humanitarian Actions and Human Rights.

Principles and experiences from CS-pillars:

• Development: PPP partnership, ownership and autonomy, locally driven agenda, addressing root causes of poverty and conflict

• Peace-building: sustained dialogue, inclusion of not-like minded, non violent approaches, profound conflict-analysis

• Faith based organizations: Interreligious dialogue, value driven and human centered approaches to conflict transformation

• Women Leadership & Empowerment: women perspective on security, women as an important actor of change

• The Humanitarians: humanitarian imperative as leading principle for full engagement and social inclusion• Human Rights: respect for human rights and using rights based approach

Understanding nexus CS-CVERLT:

• CS is not one comprehensive sector• CS can engage on a systemic approach that includes

triggers, accelerators and root causes• Learn from partnerships in the Comprehensive Approach/3D• Bridge the disconnect between Global Security thinking and

community security approaches• Invest in capacity building of CS• Manage and facilitate the engagement on a structural basis

International level

Local level

Service & content driven

Value or ideologydriven

CIVIL SOCIETY

International level

Local level

Service & content driven

Value or ideologydriven

Research & Knowledge

Centers INGOsHumanitaria

n & Development

Global Movements

International level

Local level

Service & content driven

Value or ideologydriven

Research & knowledge

centers INGOsHumanitaria

n & Development

Social Care Providers at community

level

Global Movements

Peace Building

Organizations

Grassroot movements

Community Policing Groups

CBO’s & interest groups

International level

Local level

Service & content driven

Value or ideologydriven

Research & knowledge

centers INGOsHumanitaria

n & Development

Social Care Providers at community

level

Global Movements

Peace Building

organizations

Grassroot movements

Community Policing Groups

CBO’s & interest groups

Relig

iou

s n

etw

ork

s

International level

Local level

Service & content driven

Value or ideologydriven

Research & knowledge

centers INGOsHumanitaria

n & Development

Social Care Providers at community

level

Global Movements

Peace Building

organizations

Grassroot movements

Community Policing Groups

CBO’s & interest groups

Relig

iou

s n

etw

ork

s

CONTRACTING

Linear PPPs

International level

Local level

Service & content driven

Value or ideologydriven

Research & knowledge

centers INGOsHumanitaria

n & Development

Social Care Providers at community

level

Global Movements

Peace Building

organizations

Grassroot movements

Community Policing Groups

CBO’s & interest groups

Relig

iou

s n

etw

ork

s

CONTRACTING

DIALOGUE &

NEGOTATION

Linear PPPs

International level

Local level

Service & content driven

Value or ideologydriven

Research & knowledge

centers INGOsHumanitaria

n & Development

Social Care Providers at community

level

Global Movements

Peace Building

organizations

Grassroot movements

Community Policing Groups

CBO’s & interest groups

Relig

iou

s n

etw

ork

s

CONTRACTING

DIALOGUE &

NEGOTATION

Linear PPPs

Complex

PPPs

International level

Local level

Service & content driven

Value or ideologydriven

Research & knowledge

centers INGOsHumanitaria

n & Development

Social Care Providers at community

level

Global Movements

Peace Building

organizations

Grassroot movements

Community Policing Groups

CBO’s & interest groups

Relig

iou

s n

etw

ork

s

CONTRACTING

DIALOGUE &

Informal

Low Org.

Capacity

Legitimacy issue

Linear PPPs

Complex

PPPs

Understanding nexus CS-CVERLT:

• CS is not one comprehensive sector• CS can engage on a systemic and comprehensive approach

that includes triggers, accelerators and root causes• Learn from partnerships in the Comprehensive Approach/3D• Bridge the disconnect between Global Security thinking and

community security approaches• Invest in capacity building of CS• Manage and facilitate the engagement on a structural basis

CS can engage on a systemic approach that includes triggers, accelerators and

root causes

• Triggers: elections, rise of food prices, arrest of leaders, new laws and measures

• Accelerators: unemployment, influx of arms, potentials for recruitment, perceived injustice

• Root causes: poor governance, exclusion and marginalization, injustice

Understanding nexus CS-CVERLT:

• CS is not one comprehensive sector• CS can engage on a systemic approach that includes

triggers, accelerators and root causes• Learn from partnerships in the Comprehensive Approach/3D• Bridge the disconnect between Global Security thinking and

community security approaches• Invest in capacity building of CS• Manage and facilitate the engagement on a structural basis

Learn from comprehensive approach / 3D

• Start with joint assessments of risks and conflict

• Build a common Theory of Change • Use peace dividend as a means and

an end

Understanding nexus CS-CVERLT:

• CS is not one comprehensive sector• CS can engage on a systemic approach that includes

triggers, accelerators and root causes• Learn from partnerships in the Comprehensive Approach/3D• Bridge the disconnect between Global Security thinking and

community security approaches• Invest in capacity building of CS• Manage and facilitate the engagement on a structural basis

Upstreaming

Upscaling Upgrading

Downscaling

Downgrading

Downstreaming

H I G H E R L E V E L S

G R A S S R O O T L E V E L S

Community oriented SECURITY APPROACH

SOCIAL CONSTRUCTION

DISSIMINATION &IMPLEMENTATION

SOCIAL

PLN

T ECHNICAL

PLN

STATE CENTRIC SECURITY APPROACH

Understanding nexus CS-CVERLT:

• CS is not one comprehensive sector• CS can engage on a systemic approach that includes

triggers, accelerators and root causes• Learn from partnerships in the Comprehensive Approach/3D• Bridge the disconnect between Global Security thinking and

community security approaches• Invest in capacity building of CS• Manage and facilitate the engagement on a structural basis

Invest in capacity building

Especially in the red area of the scheme!

• Organizational and institutional capacity

• Networking capacity

• Legitimacy: legal + social (license to operate)

Understanding nexus CS-CVERLT:

• CS is not one comprehensive sector• CS can engage on a systemic approach that includes

triggers, accelerators and root causes• Learn from partnerships in the Comprehensive Approach/3D• Bridge the disconnect between Global Security thinking and

community security approaches• Invest in capacity building of CS• Manage and facilitate the partnership on a structural basis

In

tern

et

Pe

ace

Bui

ldin

g

Development

Human Rights

Interreligious

Dialogue

Wom

en

L

ead

ers

hip

Yout

h

Lead

ersh

ip

Governance

Justice &Reconciliation

Humansecurit

y

UN

REGO’s

MemberStates

Inte

rface

Civil Society Sectors

State

facilitating

PPPs onCountering Violent

ExtremismCountering Terrorism

De-radicalisation

Summerizing PPPs with CS:

• Negotiate on a broad and inclusive security agenda: Human Security can be an attractive frame

• Not a zero-sum game, but win-win on higher goals (non-violence, governance, inclusion)

• Create co-ownership between different stakeholders and respect autonomy

• Find a legitimate and acceptable governance structure

• Safe guard enabling conditions for partnership

Thank you!