ppt chapter1 - introduction to virtual reality.ppt

7/30/2019 PPT Chapter1 - Introduction to Virtual Reality.ppt

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VIRTUAL REALITY

Virtual Reality is about creating reproductionsof real objects or environments for training,entertainment or design purposes. It gives an

environment that not real but one can feel itas a real environment.

Virtual Reality uses computers to create 3Denvironments in which we can navigate andinteract


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INTERACTION & NAVIGATION

Interaction means the ability toselect and manipulate objects in thescene, for example taking a flowerfrom the forest.

Navigation implies the ability tomove around and explore the

features of a 3D scene, such aswalking through a forest.


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Virtual Reality System

A VR system is a computer basedsystem that involves differentaspects of addressing each of thehuman senses: like computergraphics (sight/view), 3D soundsynthesis (hearing), and haptics

(touch).


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Classification of VR systems

Fully immersive

These are systems which uses head mounted display. The objectiveof the head mounted display is give the user a complete feel ofthe real environment.

Semi-immersiveThese are the systems which uses large projection screens. An

example of Semi-immersive system is CAVE designed by Cruz-Neira et al. CAVE designed by Cruz-Neira et al. in 1992 [2],provide 3D sound and high-resolution graphics. A CAVE is amulti-user workplace surrounded by screens where the virtual

world is projected. Non-immersive

These are desktop-based VR systems; the most common examplesare video games. The good combination of interactivity, ease ofuse, and appealing graphics and sound can produce in the usersa great level of interest and involvement in the simulation. These

are most popular virtual reality systems.


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Augmented Reality

Augmented Reality:

Augmented reality (AR) is a live, direct or indirect,

view of a physical, real-world environment whoseelements are augmented by computer-generatedsensory input such as sound, video, graphics or GPS

data. E.g. Enhanced Image, enhanced videoetc.

Augmented Virtuality

Augmented virtuality is the diametric opposite ofaugmented reality. It is essentially the overlaying ofphysical objects within a virtual reality environment.Examples include videoconferencing, physical bodiescaptured by webcams, and others of that ilk.


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History of VR systems

The first virtual reality system was designed by acinematographer Morton Heilig in 1962. It was amultisensor vehicle simulator. Name of that system wasSensorama, The system allowed users to sit in front of ascreen where they could choose from different ridesprerecorded using motorcycles, bicycles, and even ahelicopter. Sensorama used wide field of view optics toview 3D photographic slides and had stereo sound, as wellas smell and wind generators. IT was a passive system.The user can just feel the environment but can not reactwith the system.

In 1968 Ivan Sutherland built a head-mounted displaythat presented to the user left and right views of acomputer-generated 3D scene. The system tracked theusers head movement to update the images and givingthe feel of a virtual world. Images were simple linedrawings but it produced the impression of looking at solid3D objects.


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In 1978 A. Lippman, Scott Fisher, and other researchersdeveloped the system Aspen Movie Map. The applicationallowed users to view a simulated ride through the city ofAspen, Colorado. The system used photographs of all thestreets of the city, taken with four cameras pointing indifferent directions mounted on a truck. The user couldmove in four directions within the simulation; these werethe beginnings of interactive virtual environments.

In the mid-1980s Scott Fisher, Stephen Ellis, MichaelMcGreevy, and Warren Robinett built a pilot trainingsystem named Virtual Interface Environment Workstation

(VIEW).The VIEW system consisted of a wide-angledisplay unit, speech-recognition technology, gesture-tracking devices, 3D audio, speech synthesis, computergraphics, and video image generation equipment.


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In 1992 Cave-2 was built. It was afour walled room. Images wereprojected from the walls. The usersneed to wear a light weight stereoglass and can feel himself as a partof the virtual environment. It was a

multi-user system


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Uses of Virtual Reality

Architecture For many years, virtual reality has been used to establishmodels of architectural projects and buildings beforeconstruction begins. It can also be used to reconstructbuildings or objects that have collapsed or otherwise been

damaged to determine how it happened and the stepsneeded to prevent the situation in the future.

Meteorology Forecasters can utilize various virtual reality programs toprocess information collected from satellites and radar

dishes, and create models that simulate the predicted effectsof weather. This technology can also analyze previousweather patterns with similar conditions to better determinethe future outcomes of atmospheric events.


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Military

The U.S. military has implemented virtual reality programsas part of its training process. As part of advancedexercises as well as a way to help soldiers recover from

traumatic experiences, whole rooms that featuresimulations of real situations aid in teaching soldiers aboutthe environment in which they will be or have beendeployed.

Medical

The medical field uses virtual reality in many ways. Themost common implementation of the technology is tocombine images provided by other scans and merge themto present the details, using medical imaging technology.This helps doctors diagnose problems without performingsurgery.
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Molecular Studies

In order to study molecular and cellular structure ina more efficient and productive manner, virtualreality uses a method of computerized modeling.

Scientists can access small sections of a givenmolecule and study specifics related to it.

ppt chapter1 - introduction to virtual reality.ppt

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