ppt of electrician trade - bhushaniti.com · speed control and maintenance of electrical machines...

19
PPT OF ELECTRICIAN TRADE PREPARED BY RAKESH YADAV INSTRUCTOR (ELECTRICIAN) BHUSHAN PVT. INDUSTRIAL TRAINING INSTITUTE JAIPUR (RAJ.)

Upload: others

Post on 01-Nov-2020

5 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: PPT OF ELECTRICIAN TRADE - bhushaniti.com · Speed Control And Maintenance of Electrical Machines ... Drives are mainly used in large industrial units to control the speed, direction

PPT OF ELECTRICIAN TRADEPREPARED BY

RAKESH YADAVINSTRUCTOR (ELECTRICIAN)

BHUSHAN PVT. INDUSTRIAL TRAINING INSTITUTE JAIPUR (RAJ.)

Page 2: PPT OF ELECTRICIAN TRADE - bhushaniti.com · Speed Control And Maintenance of Electrical Machines ... Drives are mainly used in large industrial units to control the speed, direction

Speed Control And Maintenance of Electrical Machines•Bhushan Pvt. ITI Jaipur

Page 3: PPT OF ELECTRICIAN TRADE - bhushaniti.com · Speed Control And Maintenance of Electrical Machines ... Drives are mainly used in large industrial units to control the speed, direction

Working Method of Ac Drive ए.सी.ड्राइव की कार्यप्रणाली• AC drive control speed of ac motor by varying output voltage and

frequency through sophisticated microprocessor controlled electronics device. AC drive consists of Rectifier and inverter units. Rectifier converts AC in DC voltage and inverter converts DC voltage back in AC voltage.

• एसी ड्राइव मोटर की गति को अलग-अलग आउटपुट वोल्टेज और आवतृ्ति के माध्र्म से पररष्कृि माइक्रोप्रोसेसर तिरं्त्रिि इलेक्ट्रॉतिक्ट्स डिवाइस के माध्र्म से। एसी ड्राइव में रेक्क्ट्टफार्र और इन्वटयर रू्तिट होिे हैं। रेक्ट्टीफार्र AC को DC वोल्टेज में पररवतियि करिा है और इन्वटयर DC वोल्टेज को AC वोल्टेज में पररवतियि करिा है।

• The rotation speed of the motor is changed by changing the frequency of the circuit. With them, the work of frequency conversion has been facilitated, because I. G. B. T. It can easily carry current from 10 to 50 amperes.

Page 4: PPT OF ELECTRICIAN TRADE - bhushaniti.com · Speed Control And Maintenance of Electrical Machines ... Drives are mainly used in large industrial units to control the speed, direction

•पररपथ की आवतृ्ति को पररवतियि करके मोटर की घूणयि गति पररवतियि की जािी है । इिके प्रर्ोग से आवतृ्ति पररवियि का कार्य सुगम हो गर्ा है , क्ट्र्ोंकक आई . जी . बी . टी . 10 से 50 ऐक्पपर्सय िक की धारा सुगमिा से वहि कर सकिा है ।

Page 5: PPT OF ELECTRICIAN TRADE - bhushaniti.com · Speed Control And Maintenance of Electrical Machines ... Drives are mainly used in large industrial units to control the speed, direction

Parameters Of AC Drive ए.सी. ड्राइव के मापदण्ि1. Range of voltage regulator वोल्टेज रेगलेुटर की परास2. Frequency range आवतृ्ति परास3. Base speed आधार गति4. Motor capacity मोटर की क्षमिा5. Speed change गति पररवियि में लगा समर् आदद

Page 6: PPT OF ELECTRICIAN TRADE - bhushaniti.com · Speed Control And Maintenance of Electrical Machines ... Drives are mainly used in large industrial units to control the speed, direction

Applications of AC Drive ए.सी. ड्राइव के अिुप्रर्ोग• A. C . Drives are mainly used in large industrial units to control the speed,

direction and thrust of the induction motor and synchronous motor.

• ए . सी . ड्राइव का उपर्ोग मुख्र्ि : बडी - बडी औद्र्ोगगक इकाइर्ों में पे्ररण मोटर एवं िुल्र्काललक मोटर की गति, ददशा एवं बलाघूणय आदद को तिर्क्न्िि करिे के ललए ककर्ा जािा है ।

Page 7: PPT OF ELECTRICIAN TRADE - bhushaniti.com · Speed Control And Maintenance of Electrical Machines ... Drives are mainly used in large industrial units to control the speed, direction

• AC drives are used to stepless speed control of squirrel cage induction motors mostly used in process workshop due to its ruggedness and maintenance free long life.

• एसी ड्राइव का उपर्ोग गगलहरी केज इंिक्ट्शि मोटसय की गति को तिर्ंत्रिि करिे के ललए ककर्ा जािा है, क्जसका उपर्ोग प्रकक्रर्ा कार्यशाला में ककर्ा जािा है।

Page 8: PPT OF ELECTRICIAN TRADE - bhushaniti.com · Speed Control And Maintenance of Electrical Machines ... Drives are mainly used in large industrial units to control the speed, direction

Working Method Of DC Drive िी.सी. ड्राइव की कार्यप्रणाली• The DC motor drive is a type of amplifier or power modulator that integrate

between the controller and a DC motor. It takes the low current and then converts it into a high current which is appropriate for the motor.

• िीसी मोटर ड्राइव एक प्रकार का एपपलीफार्र र्ा पावर न्र्ूिागधक है जो तिर्ंिक और एक िीसी मोटर के बीच एकीकृि होिा है। र्ह तिपि धारा लेिा है और कफर इसे एक उच्च धारा में पररवतियि करिा है जो मोटर के ललए उपर्ुक्ट्ि है।

Page 9: PPT OF ELECTRICIAN TRADE - bhushaniti.com · Speed Control And Maintenance of Electrical Machines ... Drives are mainly used in large industrial units to control the speed, direction

Parameters Of DC Drive िी.सी. ड्राइव के मापदंि1. Base speed of motor मोटर की आधार गति2. Speed feedback स्पीि फीिबैक3. Tourq feedback बलाघुणयि फीिबैक4. Firing angle of thyristor थार्ररस्टर का फार्ररगं कोण5. Speed change गति पररवियि में लगा समर् आदद

Page 10: PPT OF ELECTRICIAN TRADE - bhushaniti.com · Speed Control And Maintenance of Electrical Machines ... Drives are mainly used in large industrial units to control the speed, direction

Application of DC Drive िी.सी.ड्राइव के अिुप्रर्ोग• DC motors are suitable for many applications – including conveyors, turntables

and others for which adjustable speed and constant or low-speed torque are required. They also work well in dynamic braking and reversing applications, which are common in many industrial machines.

• िीसी मोटसय कई अिुप्रर्ोगों के ललए उपर्ुक्ट्ि हैं - क्जिमें कन्वेर्र, टियटेबल्स और अन्र् शालमल हैं क्जिके ललए समार्ोज्र् गति और तिरंिर र्ा कम गति वाले टॉकय की आवश्र्किा होिी है। वे गतिशील बे्रककंग और ररवलसिंग अिुप्रर्ोगों में भी अच्छी िरह से काम करिे हैं, जो कई औद्र्ोगगक मशीिों में आम हैं।

Page 11: PPT OF ELECTRICIAN TRADE - bhushaniti.com · Speed Control And Maintenance of Electrical Machines ... Drives are mainly used in large industrial units to control the speed, direction

Speed control of 3 phase induction motor by using Ac Drive एसी ड्राइव का उपर्ोग करके 3 चरण पे्ररण मोटर का गति तिर्ंिण• The synchronous speed of motor Ns in rpm, is dependent upon frequency.

Therefore by varying the frequency of the power supply through AC drive, it can control the synchronous speed.

• आरपीएम में मोटर Ns की समकाललक गति, आवतृ्ति पर तिभयर है। इसललए एसी ड्राइव केमाध्र्म से त्रबजली की आपूति यकी आवतृ्ति को अलग करके, र्ह िुल्र्काललक गति कोतिर्ंत्रिि कर सकिा है

• Speed (rpm) = Frequency (Hertz) x 120 / No. of poles.

• Frequency = Electrical frequency of the power supply in Hz.,

• No. of poles = Number of electrical poles in the motor stator.

• The VFD provides the controls over frequency and voltage of motor input tochange the speed of a motor. Since the frequency is easily variable as comparedwith the poles variation of the motor. AC drives are frequently used.

Page 12: PPT OF ELECTRICIAN TRADE - bhushaniti.com · Speed Control And Maintenance of Electrical Machines ... Drives are mainly used in large industrial units to control the speed, direction

• VFD मोटर की गति को बदलिे के ललए मोटर इिपुट की आवतृ्ति और वोल्टेज पर तिर्ंिण प्रदाि करिा है। चंूकक मोटर की धु्रव लभन्ििा की िुलिा में आवतृ्ति आसािी से पररवियिशील होिी है। एसी ड्राइव अक्ट्सर उपर्ोग ककर्ा जािा है

Page 13: PPT OF ELECTRICIAN TRADE - bhushaniti.com · Speed Control And Maintenance of Electrical Machines ... Drives are mainly used in large industrial units to control the speed, direction

Variable Voltage Variable Frequency Drive (VVVFD)पररवियिीर् वोल्टेज, पररवियिीर्आवतृि ड्राइव• AC drives change the speed of AC motor by changing voltage and frequency of

the power supplied to the AC motor. In order to maintain proper power factor and reduce excessive heating of the motor, the name plate volts / hertz ratio must be maintained. This is the main task of VFD.

• एसी ड्राइव, एसी मोटर को आपूति यकी जािे वाली त्रबजली की वोल्टेजऔरआवतृ्ति कोबदलकर एसी मोटर की गति को बदलिे हैं। उगचि शक्क्ट्ि कारक को बिाए रखिे और मोटरके अत्र्गधक हीदटगं को कम करिे के ललए, िेम प्लेट वोल्ट / हर्टयज अिपुाि को बिाएरखिा चादहए। र्ह VFD का मुख्र् कार्य है

Page 14: PPT OF ELECTRICIAN TRADE - bhushaniti.com · Speed Control And Maintenance of Electrical Machines ... Drives are mainly used in large industrial units to control the speed, direction

Basic concept of stabilizer स्टेबलाइजर की मूल अवधारणा• It is an electrical supply device controlled by electronic circuit which gives the

constant output voltage irrespective of the variation in the high input supply voltage or disconnect the output circuit if the input voltage is very low or very high.Power supply voltages should not drop or rise by more than 5% of rated voltage as per IS.

• र्ह इलेक्ट्रॉतिक सककय ट द्वारा तिर्ंत्रिि एक त्तवद्रु्िआपूति य उपकरण है जो उच्च इिपुटआपूति य वोल्टेज में लभन्ििा के बावजदू तिरंिर आउटपुट वोल्टेज देिा है र्ा इिपुट वोल्टेजबहुि कम र्ा बहुि अगधक होिे पर आउटपुट सककय ट को डिस्किेक्ट्ट करिा है।त्रबजली कीआपूति य वोल्टेजआईएस के अिुसार रेटेि वोल्टेज के 5% से अगधक की गगरावट र्ा वदृ्गधिहीं होिी चादहए।

Page 15: PPT OF ELECTRICIAN TRADE - bhushaniti.com · Speed Control And Maintenance of Electrical Machines ... Drives are mainly used in large industrial units to control the speed, direction

Sl.No. Name of the equipment Low voltage High voltage

1 Incandescent lamp Lamp efficiency decreases Life of the lamp decreases or the

if the voltage is decreased. lamp fuses in extreme cases.

2 Fluorescent lamp If voltage is too low, lamp Life of the tube/choke

will not light up. decreases.

3 Electric stove, electric Increases the heating time Shortens the life of heating

iron, water heaters, as heat produced is low. elements or heating elements

toasters etc. burnt out.

4 Fans, vacuum cleaners Efficiency decreases. Life of the equipment is

decreased

5 Washing machines, Motor of the machine will draw The motor insulation may fail and

refrigerators and more current from the line that draw excess current which can

air-conditioners results in overheating of the lead to burn out.

motor which may lead to burn out.

6 Radios and television sets Poor quality of reception, Life of the equipment is decreased

picture will not be clear in the

television sets.

Page 16: PPT OF ELECTRICIAN TRADE - bhushaniti.com · Speed Control And Maintenance of Electrical Machines ... Drives are mainly used in large industrial units to control the speed, direction

Block diagram

Page 17: PPT OF ELECTRICIAN TRADE - bhushaniti.com · Speed Control And Maintenance of Electrical Machines ... Drives are mainly used in large industrial units to control the speed, direction

Battery Charger बैटरी चाजयर• The device that stores the energy of the uninterrupted power supply is called a

battery, in which all the cells are aligned in order to obtain 12 V, then it converts the stored chemical energy into the current energy and provides it to the inverter or load.

• अबागधि पावर सप्लाई की ऊजाय को संग्रदहि वाली र्ुक्क्ट्ि बैटरी कहलािी है, क्जसमें 12 V प्राप्ि करिे हेिु सभी सैल शे्रणीक्रम में संर्ोक्जि रहिे हैं, िब र्ह संग्रदहि रासार्तिक ऊजाय को त्तवद्र्ि ऊजाय में पररवतियि करके इन्वटयर अथवा लोि को प्रदाि करिी है

Page 18: PPT OF ELECTRICIAN TRADE - bhushaniti.com · Speed Control And Maintenance of Electrical Machines ... Drives are mainly used in large industrial units to control the speed, direction

Emergency light आपािकालीि रौशिी• Emergency lighting system is commonly used in public building, work places,

residences etc., The main function of the emergency lamp in the industry are.

• आपािकालीि प्रकाश व्र्वस्था का उपर्ोगआमिौर पर सावयजतिक भवि, कार्य स्थािों, आवासों आदद में ककर्ा जािा है। उद्र्ोग में आपािकालीि लैंप का मुख्र् कार्य हैं

1. To provide illumination to path ways and exit. पथ के िरीकों और बाहर तिकलिे केललए रोशिी प्रदाि करिा

2. Indicate the location of the fire fighting equipments. अक्निशमि उपकरणों केस्थाि को इंगगि करें

3. Battery or trickle charge are basic circuits without charging protection for convenience. Modern emergency lights have these features.बैटरी र्ा दरकल चाजय सुत्तवधा के ललए चाक्जिंगसंरक्षण के त्रबिा बुतिर्ादी सककय ट हैं। आधुतिकआपािकालीि रोशिी में रे् सुत्तवधाएं हैं।

Page 19: PPT OF ELECTRICIAN TRADE - bhushaniti.com · Speed Control And Maintenance of Electrical Machines ... Drives are mainly used in large industrial units to control the speed, direction