International trends in nursing

Health needs of society

Awareness of health needs

Economic condition

New development

New knowledge & procedures through research

Specialization

Opportunities & education abroad

Increase Industrialization

Expansion of community health services

Government support to health programs

Increased private nursing homes

Necessary military services & activity

Development of nursing research

1) CARE GIVER :-

Care giving role

The art & science of nursing

Set the goals & meet them…

Co-ordinate activities

with other health team

Manage their own time & resources

Use critical thinking

skills

Make decisions & consult to

professionals

Maintain a safe environment

Prevent injury

Protect from adverse effects of treatment

measures

Protect clients human & legal rights

Be a supporter

Be a source of information

Explore feelings &

attitude about wellness

Emotional, intellectual, psychological

support

Encourage towards

alternative behavior

Recognize choices & sense of control

Therapeutic communicatio

n skills

Teach desired

behavior

Explain the concepts & factors of health

Demonstrates the procedures

Use 4 components of teaching:-

- assessment

- planning

- implementation

- evaluation

A very crucial role….

Quality of communication is a critical factor

in meeting needs of client, family &

community…..

Many professions make up the team involved

in the care of the clients….

Nurse collaborates with other team members

when providing care to the clients.

A nurse can be a good collaborator when:-

knowledgeable

good planner ( care)

good communicator ( assessment)

o Facilitates the well being , academic

success & life long achievements of

students.

o School nurse develops programs that

fosters:

- Growth

- Positive skills for successful coping

- Knowledge & skills for self care

- Positive attitude

Its a specialty practice that provides for & delivers health & safety programs and services to workers, worker population,& community groups.

Also known as

Congregational health minister

Emergency Nurse

Faith Community Nurse

Responds to health & wellness needs within

the population of faith communities

Are partners with the church in fulfilling

mission of health ministry

Health

advocate

Health

educator

Liaison to

communty

resources &

referral

agent

Is a registered nurse

specially trained in

community health.

Works in specific

geographic areas.

Has Knowledge

about resources in

her community.

Care manager

Referral resource

Direct primary

care giver

Controller of communicabl

disease

Disaster preparedness

Private duty nurse is a registered nurse or a licensed practical nurse who provide nursing services to patient at home or any other setting in accordance with physicians order.

• Not widely practiced because of very

high cost

• Restricted to wealthy patients

• Common for retired nurses & valuable

for their broad knowledge & experience

She is the one

who provides a

family centered

care and allows

client to live and

remain at home

with comfort,

independence &

dignity.

Pain & symptomcontrol

Spiritual care

Family confernc

Bereave-mentcare

Nurse who specializes in assisting persons

with disabilities and chronic illness to

attain optimal function, health & adapt to

an altered life style.

Move towards independence

Work as part of multi

disciplinary team

Co-ordinate patients

care

Maintain function

Prevent complicatns

Patient education & counseling

Also called as an “ INFECTION CONTROL

NURSE” , monitors standards & procedure

for control & prevention of infectious

diseases or nosocomial infections.

Survey for outbreak of diseases

Education on control of communicable diseases

Provide ongoing in-service training on infection control

Consultation to staff on various incidents

Conduct research to determine risk factors leading to infections

Also called army nurse / armed services

nurse

Provides care to military personnel

Attractive salaries

Security benefits

Experience is vast

Professional opportunities for:-

- Personal development

- Continuing education

- Promotion

CARE OF

PATIENT WITH

TRAUMA IN

FLIGHT

EVALUATES &

REQUESTS

APPROPRIATE

MEDICATION &

EQUIPMENT

INITIATES EMERGENCY

CARE IN FLIGHT IN

ABSENCE OF

PHYSICIANS

Carries out telephonic

communication with

patient , thus providing

response to medical

care / treatment.

Offers telephonic:-

- Assessment

- Evaluation

- Referral / advise

Provides access to health care for under-

serviced urban population & remote areas.

Facilitates home care of chronically ill.

It is the adaptation of professional

nursing skills in recognizing & meeting

the nursing, physical, emotional, social,

needs resulting from DISASTER.

Is the one who is expected to

be acquainted with the basics

of forensic medicine so as to

handle & preserve the

evidentiary materials.

Forensic nursing process

Violence & victimology

Injury identification,

interpretation & documentation

Criminalities & forensic science

Nursing & law / legal interface

Major impact of the development of fields

of forensic nursing is its emphasizing on

proper treatment of the victims of

violence.

• Is a registered nurse

who works in a

prison.

• Employed directly

by prison services

or can spend part of

their working week

in prison health

care.

Deliver high quality care within custodial settings

Maintain safe & secure environment

Improve mental health & behavior or prisoners

Aims at helping others from

neutral standpoint.

Relief to needy & suffering,

during disaster

Teaching home nursing to lay

people.

Teaching non-professionals in hospitals

Giving direct care to sick &

wounded.

They keep the athletes & sports

enthusiasts in optimum physical shape,

and treat injuries if they occur.

1)ADVANCED PRACTICE NURSING:-

Has a master’s degree in

nursing

Certification & expertise in

specialized area of practice

Works in primary, acute &

restorative care settings.

SPECIALIZES IN AREAS SUCH AS:-

Medical-surgical nursing

Psychiatry and mental health nursing

Pediatric nursing

Community health nursing

Gerontogic nursing

CAN SPECIALISE IN SPECIFIC DISEASES:-

Diabetes mellitus

Cancer

Cardiac problem

CAN FUNCTION AS :-

Expert clinician

Direct care giver

Educator

Case manager

Consultant

Researcher

Advanced training in

anesthesiology

Provides anesthesia under

supervision of

anesthesiologist in various

settings.

PROVIDES INDEPENDENT CARE FOR WOMEN

DURING:-

Pregnancy

Labor

Delivery

Care of Newborn

Gynaecological services:-

PAP smears

Family planning

Treat minor vaginal infections

General nursing

practice

Gerontologic

nursing

Perinatal nursing School of nursing

Pediatric nursing

Medical surgical

nursing

Community health

nursingPsychiatric nursing

Mental health

nursing

Continuing

education

Staff development Home health nursing

Provides care for clients in:

Outpatient department

Ambulatory care

Community based setting

Complex problems

Holistic approach

Comprehensive care

Functions in collaboration with

health team members in hospital /

specialty clinics

Management of selected patients

with acute & specialized health

care needs

• Provides primary care to adults

with chronic illness, also some

times tertiary care.

Provides Primary ambulatory care for

families in collaboration with family

physician.

Guides family & provides counseling

Provides care to infants & children

in hospital settings.

Provides care to women seeking

obstetrical / gynaecological conditions.

HELPS IN:

Health promotion

Prevention of illness

Counseling

Education on STD’s

Family planning

Trained to meet needs of aging adults

usually over 65 yrs.

EMPHASISES ON :-

-Health promotion

-Health maintenance

-Functional status

-Promote independence

-Self care

Manages client care & specific

nursing services in the agency.

Begins with positions

like:-In-charge

Asst-nurse manager

Nursing manager

(specific area)

Asst-director nursing

Director of nursing

Requires a doctorate degree or a

master’s degree in nursing.

Investigates problems to improve

nursing care.

Evaluates the effectiveness of nursing

tools, methods, & procedures.