ppt on nervous system
TRANSCRIPT
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By- Mr. ASHOK BISHNOI
Lecturer, JINR
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Nervous system is the chief controlling & co-ordinating system of the body.
It adjust the body both voluntary & involuntary
Introduction:-
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Central Nervous System (CNS)
Brain Spinal Cord
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
Sensory NeuronsMotor Neurons
Somatic Nervous System
• voluntary movements via skeletal muscles
Autonomic Nervous System
• organs, smooth muscles
Sympathetic
- “Fight-or-Flight” responsesParasympathetic
- maintenance
Nervous System
Classification:-
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Functions of CNS:-
1. Sensory input – gathering information
To monitor changes occurring inside and outside the body (changes = stimuli)
2. Integration –
To process and interpret sensory input and decide if action is needed.
3. Motor output
A response to integrated stimuli
The response activates muscles or glands
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Two main kind of cell are present in NS.
Neurones (The basic structural and functional unit of the
nervous system)
Neuroglia (support/maintain neurons)
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Neurones:-
Is the basic functional unit of NS.
It is a cell that receive, intimate & transmits the information
Communicate with other neurons through chemical signals.
Approx. 100 billion located in the CNS
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Neurons structure:-
Axon of anotherneuron
Cell BodyDendrites
Axon
MyelinSheath
Dendrites of another neuron
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Sensory
neurons
Motor
neurons
Mixed
neurons
Classification of Neurons:-
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SpinalCord
BrainSensoryNeuron
INPUT From sensory organs to the brain and spinal cord.
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SpinalCord
BrainSensoryNeuron
MotorNeuron
OUTPUT From the brain and spinal cord To the muscles and glands.
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SpinalCord
BrainSensoryNeuron
MotorNeuron
Mixed carry information between other neurons only found in the brain and spinal cord.
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Neurotransmitter:-in the brain & spinal cord
Neurotransmitters are chemicals that convey information to the target cells.
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Acetylcholine (Ach) Affects movement, learning, memory, Sleep
Dopamine (DA) Attention, learning. regulation of movements and coordination, emotions, voluntary decision-making ability
Nor-epihephrine (NE) Affects eating,Regulation of mood, cognition, perception, locomotion, cardiovascular functioning, and sleep.
Epinephrine Affects metabolism of glucose, energy release during exercise.
Serotonin Affects mood, sleep, appetite,, aggression
Neurotransmitter:-
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Glutamate Active in areas of the brain involved in learning good emotion
GABA (Gamma-amino butyric Acid) Facilitates neural inhibition in the central nervous system (Too much action potential)
Endorphins Provide relief from pain and feelings of pleasure and well-being