pr a. avignon, mgsd, istambul 04/2007 the unified concept of oxidative stress pr a. avignon service...
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Pr A. Avignon, MGSD, Istambul 04/2007
The Unified Concept ofOxidative Stress
Pr A. AvignonService des Maladies MétaboliquesHôpital LapeyronieMontpellier
Pr A. Avignon, MGSD, Istambul 04/2007
The Unified Concept ofOxidative Stress
The Unified Concept ofOxidative Stress
OxidativeStress
OxidativeStress
Pr A. Avignon, MGSD, Istambul 04/2007
What is Oxidative Stress ?
What is Oxidative Stress ?
ANTIOXIDANTSANTIOXIDANTSOXIDANTSOXIDANTS
Oxygen Free RadicalsOxygen Free RadicalsNitrogen Free RadicalsNitrogen Free Radicals
Specific EnzymesSpecific EnzymesVitamin E, Vitamin C,Vitamin E, Vitamin C,Carotenoids, SeleniumCarotenoids, Selenium
Pr A. Avignon, MGSD, Istambul 04/2007
Free RadicalsFree Radicals
Any molecule containing one or more unpaired electrons
Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) -
Reactive Nitrogen Species (RNS) - NO. Reactive Metabolites or Intermediates
- metabolic activation of drugs, toxins, pollutants, cigarette smokes, etc.
Pr A. Avignon, MGSD, Istambul 04/2007
Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)
Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Superoxide (O2
.-)
Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2) Hydroxyl Radical (OH.) - product of
Fenton reaction catalyzed by free Fe and Cu
Singlet Oxygen (1gO2) - oxygen at an excited state, requiring photosensitizers and photons
Pr A. Avignon, MGSD, Istambul 04/2007
Sources of oxygen free radicals
Sources of oxygen free radicals
Pr A. Avignon, MGSD, Istambul 04/2007
Free Radical Defense System
Free Radical Defense System
Pr A. Avignon, MGSD, Istambul 04/2007
Oxidative Stress: Consequences
Oxidative Stress: Consequences
Pr A. Avignon, MGSD, Istambul 04/2007
Obesity-induced oxidative stress
Obesity-induced oxidative stress
Pr A. Avignon, MGSD, Istambul 04/2007
Fatty Acids -Induced Oxidant Stress
Fatty Acids -Induced Oxidant Stress
J Clin Endocrinol Metab 81:4244-4248, 1996
Pr A. Avignon, MGSD, Istambul 04/2007
Obesity-Induced Oxidant Stress and Insulin Resistance
Obesity-Induced Oxidant Stress and Insulin Resistance
Muscle Cells
Pr A. Avignon, MGSD, Istambul 04/2007
ß-Cell Toxicity, and Oxidative Stress in Type 2 Diabetes
ß-Cell Toxicity, and Oxidative Stress in Type 2 Diabetes
Green K et al, Diabetes 53 (Suppl. 1):S110, 2004
Role of ß-cell mitochondria in sensing increases in plasma glucose and inducing insulin secretion.
Pr A. Avignon, MGSD, Istambul 04/2007
ß-Cell Toxicity, and Oxidative Stress in Type 2 Diabetes
ß-Cell Toxicity, and Oxidative Stress in Type 2 Diabetes
Diabetes 53 (Suppl. 1):S119–S124, 2004
Pr A. Avignon, MGSD, Istambul 04/2007
Sensibility to oxidative stress Oxidative stress increased by
FFA FFA acids and oxidative stress
induce apoptosis of B-cells
ß-Cell Toxicity, and Oxidative Stress in Type 2 Diabetes
ß-Cell Toxicity, and Oxidative Stress in Type 2 Diabetes
Diabetes 53 (Suppl. 1):S119–S124, 2004
Pr A. Avignon, MGSD, Istambul 04/2007
Hyperglycemia / Oxidant Stress / Diabetic Complications
Hyperglycemia / Oxidant Stress / Diabetic Complications
Glucose-6-P
Hexokinase
Phosphohexoisomérase
Extra-cellular glucose
Fructose-6-P
Glyceraldéhyde-3-P
1,3-Diphosphoglycérate
GLUT-1
KidneyRetina
Neurones
pyruvate
Acetyl CoA
PDH
Cycle de
Krebs
Pyruvate
Pr A. Avignon, MGSD, Istambul 04/2007
Glucose-6-P
Hexokinase
Phosphohexoisomérase
Glucose extra cellulaire
Fructose-6-P
Glyceraldéhyde-3-P
1,3-Diphosphoglycérate
Voie des Polyols
Voie des Hexosamines
Voie de la Protéine Kinase C (PKC)
Voie des Produits Terminaux de la Glycation
Hyperglycemia Oxidative Stress Diabetic Complications
Hyperglycemia Oxidative Stress Diabetic Complications
Pr A. Avignon, MGSD, Istambul 04/2007
International Journal of Obesity (2006) 30, 400–418.
Hyperglycemia / Oxidative Stress / Diabetic Complications
Hyperglycemia / Oxidative Stress / Diabetic Complications
Pr A. Avignon, MGSD, Istambul 04/2007Nature 404, 787 - 790 (2000)
Hyperglycemia / Oxidative Stress / Diabetic Complications
Hyperglycemia / Oxidative Stress / Diabetic Complications
Pr A. Avignon, MGSD, Istambul 04/2007
Conclusion
Conclusion
OxidativeStress
OxidativeStress
OxidativeStress
Pr A. Avignon, MGSD, Istambul 04/2007
Merci