practical applications english history

7/26/2019 Practical Applications English History

1/7

MIHAILA ANDREIA

ID An I

Romana-EnglezaTem: 3.12. Practical applications

1. Provide brief but comprehensive explanations for the following names:

Guthrum !ing of the "anes defeated b# $lfred the Great in %&% and forcedto sign the treat# of 'edmore.

(enerable )ede the greatest of all the $nglo*+axon scholars. ,is mostfamous wor!- which is a !e# source for the understanding of earl# )ritishhistor# and the arrival of hristianit#- is /The 0cclesiastical ,istor# of the0nglish People/ which was completed in &31 $". t is the rst wor! of histor#in which the $" s#stem of dating is used.

Thomas )ec!et The $rchbishop of anterbur# 11425 who opposed the wa#,enr# was ruling the countr#- opposition ended b# his murder in anterbur#athedral in 11&6. Thomas )ec!et was sanctied and his shire in antrbur#athedral became a place for pilgrims.

7ichard the 8ion*hearted 11%9*11995 one of 0nglands most popular !ings.Participated in the 3rdrusade. ,is name is supposed to come from a legend.

;ohn 8ac!*a*8and 1199*12145 n 126< he lost =ormand# to Philip $ugustusof >rance hence his name5

'illiam 'allace led the popular resistance against 0dward who proclaimed

himself !ing of 0ngland in 1294. ,e was defeated at >al!ir! and executed in129%

sabella of >rance 0dwards wife. ,er arm# fought against 0dward andafter defeating his arm# forced the !ing to abdicate in favor of his son 0dward. 8ater on- the Parliament decided that she should be deprived of all powerand conned for life.

)lac! "eath the plague during 0dward reign

'at T#ler led the Peasant ?prising 13%15 during 7ichard reign.

,enr# of )olingbro!e cousin of 7ichard . ,e opposed the authoritarian wa#of 7ichard ruling fact that determined the !ing to banish him and his famil#and to conscate their heritage the "uch# of 8ancaster. n 1399 ,enr#returned to 0ngland and with the support of some of the leading baronscaptured and deposed 7ichard. ,enr# was crowned !ing as ,enr# (.

$gincourt ,enr# ( fought with the >rench and gained a victor# in @ctober2A 1


2/7

$nne )ole#n +econd wife of ,enr# (. 'ishing to marr# her in the hopeshell give him a son- ,enr# ( wanted to divorce atherine of $ragon.)ecause the 7oman atholic hurch opposed his divorce ,enr# ( bro!e hisrelationship with 7ome. $nne )ole#n was executed in 1A34 being accused ofadulter#.

>rancis 'alsingham one of Bueen 0liCabeth counselors.

Dar# +tuart of the +cots executed of the order of 0liCabeth

The Pilgrim >athers persecuted Puritans who Eed 0ngland during ;ames reign- establishing a colon# in $merica. the Dassachusetts olon#5. The$mericans celebrate The Pilgrim >athers on Than!sgiving "a#.

avaliers the 7o#alists during the ivil 'ars 14


3/7

ron "u!e The "u!e of 'ellington 1&49*1%A25 was the commander of the)ritish arm# during =apoleonic wars and later prime minister of Great )ritain1%2%*1%365. @ne of his most important victories is the one against =apoleonat the )attle of 'aterloo in 1%1A.

$lbert of +axe*oburg was the prince consort of Bueen (ictoria of Great

)ritain. )eing interested in arts- science- industr# and trade he was a greatinEuence for Bueen (ictoria.

>lorence =ightingale t can be said that she was the founder of modernnursing. +he went to the rimean 'ar as a nurse and showed that trainednurses and cleaner hospitals help sic! people get better.

+epo# was the name given to the ndian soldiers b# the )ritish. The badtreatment of the +epo# during the )ritish coloniCation of ndia resulted in amutin# of the native troops in 1%6&.

'inston hurchill was )ritains prime minister for most part of the 'orld

'ar . ,e was famous for his speeches and for his refusal to give in evenwhen things were going badl#- a true war leader.

The ommonwealth 14


4/7

1aw!es together with a groupof atholic gentlemen of the ;esuit Part# attempted to blow up the ,ouse ofParliament and the Jing.

14


5/7

o 0dward was defeated b# 7obert )ruce and died on his wa# for asecond campaign to +cotland to ght him. True

o 0dward started the long series of wars against >rance- !nown asthe ,undred Hears 'ar. False

o ,enr# ( was the t#pe of ideal warrior of the earl# fteenth centur#.False

o ,enr# (restored the centraliCed power of the state and managedto !eep the nobles under control. True

o )# the $ct of +upremac#- ,enr# ( ac!nowledged the Pope as thesupreme head of the hurch of 0ngland. False

o ?nder 0liCabeth - 0ngland launched into the contest for commercialand naval leadership against +pain and >rance. True

o The rst line of !ings of the ?nited Jingdom was the Tudor line.False

o The ommonwealth or 7epublic proclaimed in 14


6/7

o Jing ;ohn misused the machiner# of state he had inherited in orderto force his people to pay increased taes.

o 0dward was the rst !ing of 0ngland who abdicated in favor of hisson Edward !!!.

o The ,undred Hears 'ar was euall# motivated b# the strugglebetween England and France over the succession to the French" the

English attempts to control Flanders" an important market for Englishwool and a source of cloth and #hilip$s support of %cotland againstEngland.

)# the end of the ,undred Hears 'ar in 1rederic!- Prince of 'ales- and Princess $ugusta of +axe*Gotha.


7/7

,e became heir to the throne on the death of his father in 1&A1-succeeding his grandfather- George - in 1&46. ,e was the third ,anoverianmonarch and the rst one to be born in 0ngland and to use 0nglish as his rstlanguage.

n terms of politics and foreign aIaires- George s reign was mar!ed

b# a series of militar# conEicts involving his !ingdom- much of the rest of0urope and the $mericas. ,e considered the +even Hears 'ar too costl# forhis nation- in addition he put an end to it b# signing the Treat# of Paris in1&43- thus becoming the dominant 0uropean power in =orth $merica andndia. ,owever this didnt last long- man# of )ritains colonies being lost inthe $merican 7evolution. The ?nited +tates of $merica were grantedindependence in 1&%3. >urther wars against revolutionar# and =apoleon from1&93 concluded in the defeat of =apoleon at the )attle of 'aterloo in 1%1A.

,e was the rst !ing to stud# science as part of his education and too!a !een interest in agriculture- thus under George the )ritish $gricultural7evolution reached its pea! and great advances were made in science andindustr#.

@ne direct conseuence of the development of industr# was thechanges it determined in the process of labor and wor!ing life- agricultureand life in the countr#side gave wa# to urbaniCation. $nother conseuencewould be the gradual disappearance of the little old industries- and theopening of large factories. $n increasingl# large number of people movedinto the cities- attracted b# the prospects of increased wages. The generalenclosure s#stem with hedges or stone walls opened the wa# to modernagriculture. Thus- the 1%thcentur# saw the arrival of the improving landlords-who invested in land- studied and practiced a scientic t#pe of

agriculture.ommunications and transport in )ritain suIered a new series oftransformations. The railwa#- powered b# the steam engine- opened newwa#s for commerce.

'ealth increased rapidl# in town and countr# and the contrast betweenthe life of the rich and that of the poor were more dramatic and more widel#observable than before.

@ne of the most cultured of monarchs- George started a new ro#alcollection of boo!s and opened his librar# to scholars. n 1&4%- Georgefounded and paid the initial costs of the 7o#al $cadem# of $rts.

n his last #ears- ph#sical as well as mental powers deserted him.

,e died at 'indsor astle on 29 ;anuar# 1%26- after a reign of almost 46#ears * the second longest in )ritish histor#.

practical applications english history

Documents