PRACTICES AND PRACTICES AND UTILIZATION PATTERN UTILIZATION PATTERN

OF IODIZED SALT AT OF IODIZED SALT AT NEELAMBUR NEELAMBUR PANCHAYAT-PANCHAYAT-

COIMBATORECOIMBATORE

Mrs.G.Malarvizhi,Associate professor&HODMrs.G.Malarvizhi,Associate professor&HOD

Mrs.Sathya, Assistant professorMrs.Sathya, Assistant professor

PSG college of Nursing,Peelamedu,PSG college of Nursing,Peelamedu,

Coimbatore Coimbatore

INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION

Iodine deficiency is an ecological phenomena Iodine deficiency is an ecological phenomena occurring in many parts of the world.occurring in many parts of the world.

It jeopardize children’s mental health and It jeopardize children’s mental health and starts even before birth.starts even before birth.

Serious iodine deficiency during pregnancy Serious iodine deficiency during pregnancy may result in still birth, abortions and may result in still birth, abortions and congenital anomalies such as cretinismcongenital anomalies such as cretinism

IntroductionIntroduction

Salt is the most suitable vehicle for iodine Salt is the most suitable vehicle for iodine supplementation as it is consumed by all.supplementation as it is consumed by all.

Proper storage and utilization is essential in Proper storage and utilization is essential in using iodized salt. Most of the people purchase using iodized salt. Most of the people purchase iodized salt but the method of storage and iodized salt but the method of storage and practices are inappropriatepractices are inappropriate

Hence this study was undertaken to assess the Hence this study was undertaken to assess the knowledge ,practices and utilization pattern of knowledge ,practices and utilization pattern of iodized saltiodized salt

ObjectivesObjectives

To assess the knowledge on iodine deficiency To assess the knowledge on iodine deficiency disorders.disorders.

To assess the practices on utilization of To assess the practices on utilization of iodized saltiodized salt

To estimate the iodine level of household salt To estimate the iodine level of household salt through kit methodthrough kit method

To educate on prevention of iodine deficiency To educate on prevention of iodine deficiency disordersdisorders

MethodologyMethodology

Assessment of knowledge and practice on Assessment of knowledge and practice on iodine deficiency disordersiodine deficiency disorders

Measure the level of iodine in house hold saltMeasure the level of iodine in house hold salt Educational intervention to promote utilization Educational intervention to promote utilization

of iodized saltof iodized salt

ContinuedContinued

Descriptive survey design is adopted for this study.Descriptive survey design is adopted for this study. Systemic sampling technique was used. Every 5Systemic sampling technique was used. Every 5 thth

house of the street was identified, 150 houses house of the street was identified, 150 houses interviewed.interviewed.

Structured questionnaire was used to assess the Structured questionnaire was used to assess the knowledge and practicesknowledge and practices

Iodine content of salt was measured by kit methodIodine content of salt was measured by kit method Education was given on IDD,appropriate iodine Education was given on IDD,appropriate iodine

levels and method of storagelevels and method of storage

QuestionnaireQuestionnaire

Sociodemographic data: Name,age,sex, number of Sociodemographic data: Name,age,sex, number of family members, occupation,family members, occupation,

Income, literacy level, marital status and number of Income, literacy level, marital status and number of children.children.

Specific data: pregnancy child birth history any still Specific data: pregnancy child birth history any still birth, thyroid problems such as goitre, birth, thyroid problems such as goitre, hypothyroidism.hypothyroidism.

Knowledge on IDD: Iodine sources,iodised salt and Knowledge on IDD: Iodine sources,iodised salt and use, consequences of IDD in pregnant women, use, consequences of IDD in pregnant women, children and adultschildren and adults

ContinuedContinued

Knowledge on practices :Type of salt used, Knowledge on practices :Type of salt used, checking date and month of manufacturing.checking date and month of manufacturing.

Iodized salt or plain salt, brand of salt.Iodized salt or plain salt, brand of salt. Method of storage and iodine level of house Method of storage and iodine level of house

hold salt in PPM (parts per meter)hold salt in PPM (parts per meter)

Findings of the studyFindings of the study

80% of the population are female and 20% are 80% of the population are female and 20% are male.male.

Income: 14.6% has 1000Rs/monthIncome: 14.6% has 1000Rs/month 48%of population has income of Rs1000-48%of population has income of Rs1000-

2500/month2500/month 29.3% of the population’s income is between 29.3% of the population’s income is between

2500-5000 Rs/month2500-5000 Rs/month 8% of the population has income of 8% of the population has income of

5000/month5000/month

Literacy levelLiteracy level

32.6%of the population is illiterate.32.6%of the population is illiterate. 20.6% of the population had primary 20.6% of the population had primary

educationeducation 40% had secondary education40% had secondary education 6.6% of the population are graduates.6.6% of the population are graduates. 94%of the population is married94%of the population is married 6% of the population is unmarried6% of the population is unmarried

Literacy Level

32.6

20.6

40

6.6

0 10 20 30 40 50

IlleteratePrimary

SecondaryGraduate

Qua

lific

atio

n

Percentage of Population

Health problemsHealth problems

5% of the female population has history of 5% of the female population has history of abortion and 5% has history of still birthabortion and 5% has history of still birth

3.5% of the population has growth failure3.5% of the population has growth failure 3.3% of the sample has goiter3.3% of the sample has goiter 2.6% of the population has hypothyroidism2.6% of the population has hypothyroidism

Thyroid Problems

3.3

2.6

Goitre

Hypothyroidism

00.010.020.030.040.05

1 2 3 4

Abortion,still birth, Growth failure

Health problems

Type of saltType of salt

20.6% of the population use crystal salt .20.6% of the population use crystal salt . 66% of the population use powdered salt.66% of the population use powdered salt. 24.6% of the population use both crystal and 24.6% of the population use both crystal and

powdered saltpowdered salt

Type of salt

0

20

40

60

80

1 2 3 4

crystal, powder, Both

perc

enta

ge o

f po

pula

tion

Knowledge on IDDKnowledge on IDD

17.3%of the population is aware what is iodine17.3%of the population is aware what is iodine 43% of the sample are able to tell the sources 43% of the sample are able to tell the sources

of iodineof iodine 12% 0f the sample is aware about iodized salt.12% 0f the sample is aware about iodized salt. 8.6% of the population is aware about the 8.6% of the population is aware about the

consequences of iodine deficiency disordersconsequences of iodine deficiency disorders

Knowledge on IDD

17.3

43

128.6

0 10 20 30 40 50

Iodine

Sources

Iodisedsalt

IDD

souc

es,ID

D,Io

dine

percentge of population

Knowledge on practicesKnowledge on practices

28.6% of the population check the date and 28.6% of the population check the date and month of manufacturing when they purchase month of manufacturing when they purchase salt.salt.

38% of the population check whether the salt 38% of the population check whether the salt is iodized or not.is iodized or not.

Knowledge on Practices

28

.6

38

0 10 20 30 40

Date&Month

IodisedorNot

Pra

cti

ce

s

Percentage of population

Iodine levelIodine level

7.3% of the population use 0PPM salt.7.3% of the population use 0PPM salt. 36.6% of the sample use 5ppm salt.36.6% of the sample use 5ppm salt. Among 32% of the population the iodine level Among 32% of the population the iodine level

is 10PPM.is 10PPM. 21.3% of the sample use 15PPM salt21.3% of the sample use 15PPM salt

Iodine Level in iodized salt

010203040

0PPM Salt 5PPM salt 10 PPMSalt

15 PPMSalt

Iodine level in PPM

Perc

enta

ge o

f po

pula

tion

Method of storageMethod of storage

17.3% sample store the salt in open containers.17.3% sample store the salt in open containers. 48.6% store the salt in improperly closed 48.6% store the salt in improperly closed

containers.containers. 36% of the sample store the salt in air tight 36% of the sample store the salt in air tight

containers.containers.

Method of Storage

17.3

48.6

36open containers

improperlyclosed 48.6air tightcontainers

Correlation between literacy level& Correlation between literacy level& knowledge on IDDknowledge on IDD

The calculated value is 0.260. There is a The calculated value is 0.260. There is a positive correlation and there is a positive positive correlation and there is a positive relationship between level of education and the relationship between level of education and the knowledge on iodine deficiency disorders.knowledge on iodine deficiency disorders.

Correlation between method of Correlation between method of storage and iodine level in saltstorage and iodine level in salt

The calculated value is 0.124.There is a The calculated value is 0.124.There is a positive correlation between method of storage positive correlation between method of storage and iodine level in salt.and iodine level in salt.

Salt stored in airtight containers has more Salt stored in airtight containers has more iodine than salt stored in open containers and iodine than salt stored in open containers and loose lidsloose lids

Implications of this studyImplications of this study

Education to public on IDD and create awareness on Education to public on IDD and create awareness on purchase of iodized salt will be useful.purchase of iodized salt will be useful.

Promotion of appropriate practices such as storing Promotion of appropriate practices such as storing salt in airtight containers, keeping in cool places salt in airtight containers, keeping in cool places helps to have optimum iodine levelshelps to have optimum iodine levels

Salt testing by kit methodSalt testing by kit method Mass awareness programmes in schools, to self help Mass awareness programmes in schools, to self help

groups by IEC approach can help to prevent IDDgroups by IEC approach can help to prevent IDD

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

1st Qtr 2nd Qtr 3rd Qtr 4th Qtr

EastWestNorth