Pre-Class•5 minutes to work on vocab.

•If finished, grab an “anchor” paper from the front table.

Why was the church so important, and why was it able to

become so powerful in the Middle Ages?

Take a gander at the map on page 192

THE MEDIEVAL CHURCH

PARISH PRIESTRAN THE PARISH (VILLAGE CHURCH), ADMINISTERED SACRAMENTSWAS PROBABLY A PEASANT

SACRAMENTS: CEREMONIES NEEDED FOR SALVATION (BAPTISM, EUCHARIST, LAST RITES)

VILLAGE CHURCH• CENTER OF LIFE OF

THE VILLAGE• SOCIAL GATHERING• FORBADE

DIVORCE• TOOK CARE OF

WIDOWS & ORPHANS

• ALMS FOR THE POOR

TITHE

10% TAX COLLECTED BY CHURCH TO CARE FOR WIDOWS & POOR

WOMEN IN THE CHURCH

• Seen as sinful• Supposed to act modest

and pure• Could not be leaders in

the Church• Could be Nuns

MONASTICISMMONKS

LIVED IN MONASTERY

HEADED BY AN ABBOTT

MONASTICISMBENEDICTINE RULE

– Vows of poverty, chastity, obedience

– Manual labor important—tended fields, agriculture

MONASTICISMSERVICE• TOOK CARE OF

WIDOWS & ORPHANS• ALMS FOR THE POOR• HOSPITALS

AGRICULTURAL ADVANCES

LEARNING: PRESERVED AND COPIED BOOKS

ST. GREGORY

Learning

• BOOKS WERE COPIED BY HAND BY MONKS– ILLUMINATIONS

MONASTICISM: Convents

NUNSLIVED IN A CONVENT

CARED FOR SICK & POOR

PRE-CLASS

•PAGE 193 BOOK OF KELLS

Happy Friday•What position in the Church

was closest to that of a peasant?–Priest?–Bishop?–Archbishop?–Pope?

HIERARCHYPOPE

HEAD OF THE CHURCH IN WESTERN EUROPE

HIERARCHYCARDINALS:

ADVISORS TO POPE

ARCHBISHOPMANAGED MANY DIOCESES

DIOCESE: GEOGRAPHICAL AREA

HIERARCHYBISHOP

MANAGED A DIOCESE

CATHEDRAL: MOST IMPORTANT CHURCH IN DIOCESE

RELIGIOUS AUTHORITY

POPE CLAIMED SUPREME POLITICAL POWER OVER MONARCHS & RULED PAPAL STATES

CANNON LAW: CHURCH LAW AND COURTS

THE CHURCH & MEDIEVAL POLITICAL

LIFEEXCOMMUNICATION

PERSON WAS CUT OFF FROM CHURCH & SACRAMENTS

INTERDICTAN ENTIRE REGION WAS IN DANGER OF DAMNATION

•PEACE OF GOD: DICTATED WHERE BATTLES COULD BE FOUGHT

•TRUCE OF GOD: DICTATED DAYS WHEN THEY COULD NOT FIGHT

REFORM MOVEMENTS• Necessary because the

church became so concerned with wealth

• Cluniac reforms:– Revived Benedictine rule– Banned lay investiture,

simony, marriage for priests

• Friars: monks who live among the people

JEWS IN EUROPE•Flourished in Spain•Gained positions in

government as advisors

•Persecution increased as disease spread

•Became money lenders, physicians, financial advisors

PROBLEMS IN THE CHURCH

• LAY INVESTITURE: NOBLES MADE THEIR FRIENDS BISHOPS & ABBOTS

PROBLEMS IN THE CHURCH

• CLERGY LIVED LIVES OF LUXURY

• SIMONY: PEOPLE PAID FOR POSITIONS IN CHURCH

PROBLEMS IN THE CHURCH

•HERESY: SPEAKING AGAINST THE CHURCH & ITS TEACHINGS

AFTER THE QUIZ•BRING YOUR QUIZ UP TO ME WHEN YOU FINISH.

•SSR AFTER QUIZ