Pre-Colonial

Philippine

Literature

To trace our rich heritage of ideas and handed down to us from our forefathers

For appreciation of our heritage.To Understand that we have noble traditions which can serve as the means to assimilate other cultures.

Why do we need to study Philippine Literature

Literature and History together

Literature and history are closely interrelated.

In discovering history of a race, a country, we basically understand their own culture and traditions, hence the written customs and traditions of a country, the dreams and aspirations of its people is called Literature.

History can also be written down and this too, is literature. History therefore is an integral part of literature.

Tagbanua and Palawan alphabet

The literature of a formative past by the various groups of people who inhabited the archipelago

A literature of varying human interestClose to the religious and political

organizations of the ancient FilipinosThe verses were addressed to the ears rather

than the eyes

Verses composed and sung were regarded as group property

Versification:Octosyllabic

Legendary and religious poemsDodecasyllabic

Romance

Dalawang BalonHindi Malingon

Sa araw ay BunbongSa gabi ay dahon

Examples of Ancient Filipino Poetry

Sang dalagang marikit Nakaupo sa tinik

Kung bayaa’y nabubuhayKung himasi’y namamatay

Made up of one or more measured lines with rhymes and may consist of 4 to 12 syllables

Showcase the Filipino wit, literary talent, and keen observation of the surroundings

Involves reference to one or two images that symbolize the characteristics of an unknown object that is to be guessed

Riddle (bugtong)

To entertain. Living in remote areas, before the advent of electricity, families would sit around the fire and the elders would quiz the younger generation with riddles.

To educate. Riddles serve the function of passing down knowledge from one generation to the next. They require thinking in order to solve them.

To titillate. Many old Filipino riddles contain double entendres that were intended to amuse the men and shock the women.

To curse, without expressly cursing. A riddle could be made up against an enemy, rival town, or suitor.

To preserve the culture. Riddles communicate the old ways from one generation to the next.

Purpose of Bugtong

Ate mo, ate ko, Ate ng lahat ng tao.(My sister, your sister, everyone's sister)

Atis (Sugar Apple)

Example

Epigrams/maxims/proverbs

Short poems that have been customarily been used and served as laws or rules on good behavior by our ancestors

Allegories or parables that impart lessons for the young

Often expressing a single idea, that is usually satirical and had a witty ending

Maxims- rhyming couplets (5,6,8 syllables)

Salawikain & Sawikain

Ex of salawikainAng matapat na kaibigan, tunay na maaasahan.

- - -You will know a true friend in time of need.

Ex of Sawikainkumukulo ang dugo

"blood is boiling" = is very angryisulat sa tubig

"write on water" = forget about it

Ex of MaximsPag hindi ukol,

Hindi bubukol. -meansWhat is not intended for one will not bear fruit.

Used in witchcraft or enchantments

Sa hinaba-haba ng prusisyonSa simbahan din pala ang tuloy

Hele heleBago kyeme

BULONG (chants)

Halimbawa (for example):

Tabi, tabi po, Ingkong Makikiraan po lamang. 

Used in teasing or to comment on a persons’ acutations“Catitibay ca tolosSacaling datnang agosAco’ I momonting lomotSa iyo’ I popolopot”

Nag-almusal mag-isaKaning lamig, tinapa;Nahulog ang kutsaraIkaw na sana, sinta

Kasabihan (sayings)

A quatrain with seven syllables each with the same rhyme at the end of each lineNo title7-7-7-7AABB

Ex. “Tahak ng tingin, tulak ng sulyap, yakap, lapat

ng titig sa balikat. hatak pa, kindat, hakat”

Tanaga

traditional poetry of the Hanunoo Mangyans of Oriental Mindoro which is normally inscribed on bamboo using a pre-Colonial syllabic writing system called the Surat Mangyan .

seven-syllable metric linescan be composed of more than four linesusually chantedteaches lessons about liferecited by parents to educate their children, by the

youth to express their love, by the old to impart experiences, or by the community in tribal ceremonies

Ambahan

on some occasions like burial rites, the ambahan is used for entertainment

Sugot nga maaw kunmanTangdayan no ma-ambanSabungan no manuywan Impad las yami daywan

Hanggan buhok timbanganHanggan sa balod pangdan Bugkat di way yamungan

Bilang dayi bunlaganNo kang tinaginduman

Kang magpahalimbaw-anGa bugtong ti bilugan

(Isn't this the truth with all:If the wife is good and kind,the husband reasonable, you have always friends around,like long hair drooping so nice.Till the final burial mount,you'll be sleeping on one mat. You don't want to separatePutting down my thoughts like this: An example very clear, being TWO, you're only ONE.)

derived from Philippine folk literature, which is the traditional oral literature of the Filipino people. This refers to a wide range of material due to the ethnic mix of the Philippines

There are many different creation myths in Philippine mythology, originating from various ethnic groups.Story of BathalaVisayan versionThe legend of Maria Makiling

Myths

Presence of different deitiesEx. Bathala

LakambakodMythical creatures

AswangDilaDiwataDwendeTikbalangMankukulam

Ifugao – Hudhud hi AliguyonIlocos – Biagni Lam-angBicol - IbalonMindanao – DaranganPanay – HinilawodBagobo - TuwaangKalinga – UlaliimManobo – Agyu or OlahingSubanon - Sandayo

Ancient Metrical Tales

Aliguyon the exploits of Aliguyon as he battles his arch-enemy, Pambukhayon

Biagni Lam-Ang tells of the adventuresvof Lam-Ang who exhibits extraordinary

powers at a very early age. Ibalon

the story of three Bicol heroes: Baltog, Handiong, BantiongHinilawod

oldest and longest epic poem in Panay the exploits of three Sulodnon demigod brothers, LabawDonggon,

Humadapnon and Dumalapdap of ancient Panay

Ancient Metrical Tales

IBALON FESTIVAL

Hinilawod

a form of folk lyric which expresses the people’s hopes, aspirations, and lifestyles

repetitive and sonorous, didactic and naivetraditional songs and melodiesinspired by the reaction of the people to their

environment

Folk Songs

uyayi – lullabykomintang – war songkundiman – melancholic love songharana – serenadetagay – drinking songmambayu – Kalinga rice-pounding songsubli – dance-ritual song of courtship

/marriageTagulaylay- songs of the dead

Thank you