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PROJECT: District Nalanda Sand Blocks (Stretch 1 to 5) Mining Project Pre-Feasibility Report
APPLICANT: M/S Mahadev Enclave Pvt. Ltd (Manoj Kumar Pachisia, Director)
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PRE- FEASIBILITYREPORT
PROJECT: District Nalanda Sand Blocks (Stretch 1 to 5) Mining Project Pre-Feasibility Report
APPLICANT: M/S Mahadev Enclave Pvt. Ltd (Manoj Kumar Pachisia, Director)
1
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The proposed project of 158.57 ha area is of river bed sand mining and falls under Category- “A”, as per
EIA Notification 2006 & amendments thereof of Ministry of Environment and Forests, New Delhi.
The mining lease area is located in Stretch 1- Kotna, patoria, ghoshrama, darbesh, tetrama, singthu,
etora, jiyar. Stretch 2: maula, andi, otherethu. Stretch 3: mali sarai, islampur Stretch 4: soniawan,
ganga bigha, ganga bigha, barari, lala bigha, chamandih, pura, pakri Stretch 5: ghora, samsera,
pawadhih, dariapur, bhagwanpur, nanad, dipnagar, gulni, Tehsil: Rajgir, Biharsarif, Nalanda, District:
Nalanda, Bihar. The proposed project activity will be carried out in the bed of the Sakari, Jirain, Paimar,
Lokain, Panchane. Surface Geological plans of the above blocks are attached as Annexure II to
Annexure VI.
Mine lease has been proposed in favor of M/S M/S Mahadev Enclave Pvt. Ltd. (Shri Manoj Kumar
Pachisia -Director) through letter no 732/Mining dated 27/10/2014 (Annexure I). The proposed rate of
production is 4743058 TPA of Sand. The estimated project cost is Rs. 5, 92, 90,000.
The salient features of the project are detailed below:
Mining Lease Area 158.57 ha
Location of mine
All the mining blocks from Stretch-1 to Stretch-5are proposedon the river Sakari, Jirain, Paimar, Lokain, & Panchane. Stretch& block wise coordinates (Latitude & Longitude) is attached asAnnexure VII.
Toposheet No.
72G/2, 72G/3, 72G/4, 72G/6, 72G/7, 72G/8, 72G/11, 72G/15,
72H/1, 72H/2, 72H/5, 72H/6, 72H/9, 72H/10, 72H/13, 72H/14,
72K/3, 72K/4
River/Nalla/Tanks/Lakes etc Sakari, Jirain, Paimar, Lokain, Panchane
Topography
Stretch-1 (53ASML to 68 ASML)
Stretch-2 (46 ASML to 51 ASML)
Stretch-3 (66 ASML to 67ASML)
Stretch-4 (49 ASML to 66 ASML )
Stretch-5 (57 ASML to 73 ASML)
Minerals of mine Sand
Proposed production of mine 4743058 Tonnes per annum
PROJECT: District Nalanda Sand Blocks (Stretch 1 to 5) Mining Project Pre-Feasibility Report
APPLICANT: M/S Mahadev Enclave Pvt. Ltd (Manoj Kumar Pachisia, Director)
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Method of mining Opencast Semi-Mechanized Mining
Drilling/Blasting No drilling and blasting is proposed
Water demand 9 KLD
Sources of water From available sources through tankers
Ultimate depth of Mining 2 m bgl or above ground water level whichever comes first
Man power 66
Solid Waste
Small amount of top soil will be generated, which will be used
for purposed of applied for applied area stacked and later spread
in the excavated area of off river bed blocks
Nearest railway station STRETCH-1
Bihar sarif railway station about 10 Km W from Block- 8
Patwari road railway station about 11 Km W from Block- 5
Nalanda railway station about 14 Km W from Block- 4
Warisaliganj railway station about 8 Km SE from Block- 1
STRETCH-2
Sohsari halt about 11 Km SW from Block- 1 & about 12 Km
SW from Block-3
Bihar sarif railway station about 11.2 Km SW from Block-1 &
about 13 Km SW from Block-3
Rahui railway station about 12 Km NW from Block- 1 & about
13 Km NW from Block-3
STRETCH-3
Nekpur railway station about 7.5 Km SE from Block-1
Natesar railway station about 8.5 Km SW from Block-2
STRETCH-4
Fatuha railway station about 16 Km NE from Block-8
Ekanagar railway station about 6 Km NE from Block-2 &
about 7 Km SE from Block-4 & about 8 Km NE from Block-6
Junair hault railway station about 6.5 km E from block 5
PROJECT: District Nalanda Sand Blocks (Stretch 1 to 5) Mining Project Pre-Feasibility Report
APPLICANT: M/S Mahadev Enclave Pvt. Ltd (Manoj Kumar Pachisia, Director)
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STRETCH-5
Nalanda railway station about 4Km SW from Block-8
Rajgir railway station about 10.5 Km W from Block-1
Deep Nagar Halt about 1 km S from block 8 of stretch 5
Nearest state highway/national
highway
SH -71 about 300 S direction from Block 2 & 400 m N
direction from Block 1 of Stretch I
SH 83 about 9 Km E direction from Block 7 Stretch I
NH-82 about 3.5 Km N directions from Block 8 Stretch I
NH-82 about 2.5 km S direction from block 1 & 4.5 km S from
block 3 of stretch 2
SH- 71 200 m N direction from block I & 500 m S direction
from block 2 of stretch 3
NH-110 about 3.5 Km N from block 2 & 3 km N from block 1
& 1 km S from Block -3 of Stretch -4
SH-4 about 4 km E direction from block- 2 of stretch -4
SH-5 about 0.25 km S direction from block -4 of stretch-4
SH-1 about 8.5 km NW direction from block-7 of stretch-4
SH-4 about 3 km E direction from block 8 of stretch -4
SH-71 about 500 meter N direction from block -1 of stretch- 5
SH-31 about 1 KM E direction from block -1 of stretch- 5
SH-71 about 800 meter S direction from block -2 of stretch- 5
NH-31 about 1.5 km E direction from block -5 of stretch- 5
NH-31 about 1.5 km E direction from block -8 of stretch- 5
NH-82 about 1 km W direction from block 8 of stretch 5
Nearest Airport
STRETCH 1
Patna international Airport
About 71 Km SW from block I & 70 Km NW from block 8
PROJECT: District Nalanda Sand Blocks (Stretch 1 to 5) Mining Project Pre-Feasibility Report
APPLICANT: M/S Mahadev Enclave Pvt. Ltd (Manoj Kumar Pachisia, Director)
4
Gaya Airport
About 71 km SW from block 1 & about 84 km SW from block
8
STRETCH 2
Patna international Airport
About 68 Km NW from block I & 67Km NW from block 3
Gaya Airport
About 88.7 km SW from block 1 & about 91 km SW from
block 3
STRETCH 3
Patna international Airport
About 64 Km NW from block 2
Gaya Airport
About 47.07 km SW from block 2
STRETCH 4
Patna international Airport
About 30 Km NW from block 8 , about 33Km NW from block
7 & about 44 Km NW from block 2
Gaya Airport
About 64 km SW from block 6, about 55 km SW from block
2&about 75 km SW from block 8
PROJECT: District Nalanda Sand Blocks (Stretch 1 to 5) Mining Project Pre-Feasibility Report
APPLICANT: M/S Mahadev Enclave Pvt. Ltd (Manoj Kumar Pachisia, Director)
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2. INTRODUCTION
2.1 Identification of Project and Project Proponent
The proposed project of 158.57 ha area is of river bed sand mining and falls under Category- “A”, as per
EIA Notification 2006 & amendments thereof of Ministry of Environment and Forests, New Delhi.
The mining lease area is located in Stretch 1- Kotna, patoria, ghoshrama, darbesh, tetrama, singthu,
etora, jiyar. Stretch 2: maula, andi, otherethu. Stretch 3: mali sarai, islampur Stretch 4: soniawan,
ganga bigha, ganga bigha, barari, lala bigha, chamandih, pura, pakri Stretch 5: ghora, samsera,
pawadhih, dariapur, bhagwanpur, nanad, dipnagar, gulni, Tehsil: Rajgir, Biharsarif, Nalanda, District:
Nalanda, Bihar. The proposed project activity will be carried out in the bed of the Sakari, Jirain, Paimar,
Lokain, Panchane. Surface plans of the above blocks are attached as Annexure II to Annexure VI.
Mine lease has been proposed in favor of M/S M/S Mahadev Enclave Pvt. Ltd. (Shri Manoj Kumar
Pachisia -Director) through letter no 732/Mining dated 27/10/2014 (Annexure I). The proposed rate of
production is 4743058 TPA of Sand. The estimated project cost is Rs. 5, 92, 90,000.
The details of the project and its proponent are given below:
Name of the applicant M/S Mahadev Enclave Pvt. Ltd.
(Shri Manoj Kumar Pachisia-Director)
Name & Address of POA Holder M/S Mahadev Enclave Pvt. Ltd.
(Shri Manoj Kumar Pachisia-Director)
STRETCH 5
Patna international Airport
About 77 Km NW from block I & 64 Km NW from block 8
Gaya Airport
About 66.5 km SW from block 1 & about 75 km SW from
block 8
PROJECT: District Nalanda Sand Blocks (Stretch 1 to 5) Mining Project Pre-Feasibility Report
APPLICANT: M/S Mahadev Enclave Pvt. Ltd (Manoj Kumar Pachisia, Director)
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B-37, Ayodhya Marg
Hanuman Nagar, Jaipur, Rajasthan
Pincode- 302012
Name of Mine District Nalanda Sand Blocks (Stretch 1 to 5) Mining
Project
Area Total Sum of Area of 1 stretch to 5 Stretch is 158.57 ha
(Stretch No.- 1): 103.28 ha
(Stretch No.- 2): 04.19 ha
(Stretch No.- 3):4.13 ha
(Stretch No.- 4): 13.64 ha
(Stretch No.- 5):33.33 ha
Mineral Sand
2.2 Brief description of the nature of the project
It has been proposed to collect approximately 4743058 tonnes per annum of sand. No mining activity
will be undertaken during the monsoon season. So the river bed material will be replenished during the
monsoon season every year.
Surface Mining: The mining is confined to excavation of sand from the river bed. The operation will be
Semi- Mechanized in which the river bed material will be collected in its existing form. Sand Mining
will be carried out only upto a depth of 2 m bgl or above ground water level, whichever comes first.
Mining will be carried out only during the day time. Excavation of river bed material will be completely
stopped during the monsoon season.
2.3 Need for the project and its importance to the country and region
The project lies on the river bed of Sakari, Jirain, Paimar, Lokain, and Panchane. The sediment in the
form of river bed material (RBM) deposited in the last many years had changed the shape of the river
bed from a valley to a raised land. Because of this, every year during monsoon season, heavy and
devastating floods damage large tracts of land lying on both the banks of the river. Hence, it is necessary
to remove the materials so that the river gets channelized.
This project operation will provide employment directly and indirectly to the people residing in vicinity,
thus improving the Socio-economic status of the area.
PROJECT: District Nalanda Sand Blocks (Stretch 1 to 5) Mining Project Pre-Feasibility Report
APPLICANT: M/S Mahadev Enclave Pvt. Ltd (Manoj Kumar Pachisia, Director)
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2.4 Demands-Supply Gap
The demand for sand is ever growing with the growth of the infrastructure sector in our country. The
mineral is used mainly in the construction activities like buildings, bridges etc. The requirement for the
mineral is always high in the nearby cities and towns. Therefore there is always a good demand of the
mineral in the domestic market.
2.5 Domestic/ Export Markets
DOMESTIC MARKET
There is always an ever increasing demand of these minerals in the domestic market.
EXPORT MARKET
The proposed mining activity is for indigenous consumption only for real state, road making etc. So no
export will be envisaged.
2.6 Employment Generation
The total direct manpower requirement for the proposed mining operation will be around 66. Indirect
employment is also expected due to the associated activities.
Manpower requirement
3. PROJECT DESCRIPTION
3.1 Type of project including interlinked and interdependent projects, if any
The proposed project for excavation of Sand is an independent project in which minerals excavated will
be directly sold in the local markets.
S. No. Category Numbers
1. Administration 3
2. Supervisor 3
3. Skilled 25
4. Un-skilled 35
TOTAL 66
PROJECT: District Nalanda Sand Blocks (Stretch 1 to 5) Mining Project Pre-Feasibility Report
APPLICANT: M/S Mahadev Enclave Pvt. Ltd (Manoj Kumar Pachisia, Director)
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3.2 Location
The mining lease area is located in Stretch 1- Kotna, patoria, ghoshrama, darbesh, tetrama, singthu,
etora, jiyar. Stretch 2: maula, andi, otherethu. Stretch 3: mali sarai, islampur Stretch 4: soniawan,
ganga bigha, ganga bigha, barari, lala bigha, chamandih, pura, pakri Stretch 5: ghora, samsera,
pawadhih, dariapur, bhagwanpur, nanad, dipnagar, gulni, Tehsil: Rajgir, Biharsarif, Nalanda, District:
Nalanda, Bihar. The proposed project activity will be carried out in the bed of the Sakari, Jirain, Paimar,
Lokain, Panchane.
The mining lease area is located in Village: Banka, Tehsil- Banka, District- Banka, and Bihar. The
proposed project activity will be carried out in the bed of the River Sakari, Jirain, Paimar, Lokain, and
Panchane. The mining lease area falls in Survey of India Toposheet No. 72G/12, 72G/8, 72G/4, 72G/7.
A Stretch wise Buffer map of 10 km radius is attached as Annexure VII to Annexure XII.
The project site is located at:
All the mining blocks from Stretch-1 to Stretch-5are proposed on the river Sakari, Jirain, Paimar,
Lokain, & Panchane. Stretch & block wise coordinates (Latitude & Longitude) is attached as Annexure
VII.
Vicinity map showing site location is given below:
PROJECT: District Nalanda Sand Blocks (Stretch 1 to 5) Mining Project Pre-Feasibility Report
APPLICANT: M/S Mahadev Enclave Pvt. Ltd (Manoj Kumar Pachisia, Director)
9
Fig: Location maps the project sites along the river
* Project
PROJECT: District Nalanda Sand Blocks (Stretch 1 to 5) Mining Project Pre-Feasibility Report
APPLICANT: M/S Mahadev Enclave Pvt. Ltd (Manoj Kumar Pachisia, Director)
10
3.3 Details of alternate sites considered
Mineral is site specific as well as the lease has been allotted in the particular area. Hence no alternative
site is examined for mining.
3.4 Size or magnitude of operation
The proposed mine has lease over an area of 158.57 ha. The maximum rated capacity of the project will
be 4743058TPA which will be excavated out in layers.
3.5 Project description with process details
The mining project is located on the river bed of Sakari, Jirain, Paimar, Lokain, and Panchane.The
mining is confined to excavation of Sand from the river bed. The operation will be open cast Semi
Mechanized with use of excavators/JCBs etc. Proper benching of 1.0 m height and 6m width will be
maintained for mining blocks as per guideline M.M.R-1961, under rule 106. Which the river bed
material will be collected in its existing form. No drilling /blasting are required as the material is loose
in nature.Mining will be done in layers of 1 m each which will avoid ponding effect. It will be done
leaving a safety zone from bank for bank protection. Mining will be carried out only during the day
time. Excavation of river bed material will be completely stopped during the monsoon season.
3.5.1 Mining Process:
Applied area has been allotted for a period of 5years in five stretches namely Sakari, Jirain, Paimar,
Lokain & Panchane. Applied Area consist of 158.57 ha area in 29 blocks. Mining will be done in five
stretches in each block leaving safety distance form bank and stream for river bed blocks and barrier
zone of 7.5 m around the Applied Area.
The sand is won from agriculture fields adopting mining and simultaneous reclamation method. The
lessee (settlee) purchases/ (pays compensation for the land), from the farmers for short periods.
The sand shall be excavated by backhoe type excavators capacity & mineral is directly loaded into large
trucks for dispatch to consumers situated in and around Nalanda District. Water is sprinkled in the area
from where the sand is to be removed before the operation starts and thereafter at regular intervals to
keep the dust allayed at the source itself. Removal of soil (overburden) precedes the winning of sand.
PROJECT: District Nalanda Sand Blocks (Stretch 1 to 5) Mining Project Pre-Feasibility Report
APPLICANT: M/S Mahadev Enclave Pvt. Ltd (Manoj Kumar Pachisia, Director)
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Once a pre-determined area has been exhausted of the sand, it shall be replenished by sand during
monsoon period levelled it & maintained its maximum original topography.
There is no need for drilling & blasting as hard rock is not encountered in sand mining. Therefore
Environment and Ecology of the area remains undisturbed.
Light weight excavators/JCB will be deployed for extraction. Mining shall be carried through the
formation of benches. Height & width of benches shall be kept 1.0m & 6m with face slope 400. Haul
road having width 6.0 & gradient 1:12 shall be provided for the movement of machineries &
transportation of sand. Mineral will be loaded in trucks of 25 tonne capacity. There will be no OB or
waste generation as the sand is exposed in the river bed.
Bench will advance parallel to the banks of the river. Height of bench will be 3.0 m. Workings will be
restricted within the Applied Area/ khasra as per the description report given by Mining Department.
Mining activities will be carried out in a manner so that there is no obstruction to the movement of water
flow, if any, during rainy season. The bench will be in the form of slices/ strips parallel to the banks of
the river. Roads in the Applied Area for the movement of loaded trippers/ trucks will not have slopes
more than 1 in 20. However, movement of trucks after mineral loading will be towards both sides
through approach roads connecting to tar roads. Every block will have its own approach roads, well
connected to main highways. No processing of mineral will be done.
Mining will be done upto a maximum depth of 2 m in layers of 1.0 m each which will avoid ponding
effect.
Mining will be confined within central 3/4th width of the river. This will prevent collapse of bank
and erosion.
It will be done leaving a safety zone of total of 1/4th of the width of the river from the banks for
bank protection.
Excavated area will be replenished naturally due to sediment inflow from the catchment area.
Working Depth (below ground level)
During the entire lease period, the deposit will be worked from the top surface to 2 m bgl or above
ground water level, whichever comes first.
PROJECT: District Nalanda Sand Blocks (Stretch 1 to 5) Mining Project Pre-Feasibility Report
APPLICANT: M/S Mahadev Enclave Pvt. Ltd (Manoj Kumar Pachisia, Director)
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3.6 Raw Material Required Along With Estimated Quantity, Likely Source, Marketing Area of
Final Product/S, Mode of Transport of Raw Material and Finished Product
No raw material will be required in the proposed project. The operation involves the excavation of sand
in its existing form and transported to the end users/ market.
3.6.1 Use of Mineral
The mineral sand is used:
As construction material for buildings
As raw material for construction of dams,
In roads making, paving, etc.
3.6.2 Mineral Beneficiation
No mineral beneficiation is involved for this mineral.
3.7 Resource optimization/ recycling and reuse
Minerals are generally depleting asset once mined; but minerals like sand will be replenished naturally.
Thus a scientific approach will be taken up for excavation of mineral with systematic method.
3.8 Availability of water its source, energy/ power requirement and source
3.8.1 Water Requirement
Activity Water requirement (KLD)
Dust suppression 4
Domestic 5
Total 9
Thus total water requirement will be 9 KLD. This water will be supplied from the bore well from nearby
villages through tankers as well as from surface water sources for dust suppression. Additional water
will also be required for plantation purpose.
Apart from this water for plantation will also be required.
PROJECT: District Nalanda Sand Blocks (Stretch 1 to 5) Mining Project Pre-Feasibility Report
APPLICANT: M/S Mahadev Enclave Pvt. Ltd (Manoj Kumar Pachisia, Director)
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3.8.2 Power Requirement
All the activities will be carried out in a manual manner. The material will be excavated and loaded
directly into tractors by the workers themselves. The operation will be done only from sun rise to sun
set. So there is no power requirement for the mining activity.
3.9 Quantity of wastes to be generated (liquid and solid) and scheme for their management/
disposal.
3.9.1 Solid Waste Generation & its Disposal
In this project small amount of top soil will be generated, which will be used for purposed of applied for
applied area stacked and later spread in the excavated area of off river bed blocks. Small amount of
domestic waste will be generated by the workers at the site, which will be disposed off through proper
municipal way. No other waste generation is expected.
3.9.2 Liquid Effluent
No liquid effluent will be generated at the mine site due to the mineral excavation.
4. SITE ANALYSIS
4.1 Connectivity
4.1.1 Nearest Railway Station
Stretch-1
Bihar sarif railway station about 10 Km W from Block- 8
Patwari road railway station about 11 Km W from Block- 5
Nalanda railway station about 14 Km W from Block- 4
Warisaliganj railway station about 8 Km SE from Block- 1
Stretch -2
Sohsari halt about 11 Km SW from Block- 1 & about 12 Km SW from Block-3
Bihar sarif railway station about 11.2 Km SW from Block-1 & about 13 Km SW from Block-3
Rahui railway station about 12 Km NW from Block- 1 & about 13 Km NW from Block-3
PROJECT: District Nalanda Sand Blocks (Stretch 1 to 5) Mining Project Pre-Feasibility Report
APPLICANT: M/S Mahadev Enclave Pvt. Ltd (Manoj Kumar Pachisia, Director)
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Stretch -3
Nekpur railway station about 7.5 Km SE from Block-1
Natesar railway station about 8.5 Km SW from Block-2
Stretch -4
Fatuha railway station about 16 Km NE from Block-8
Ekanagar railway station about 6 Km NE from Block-2 & about 7 Km SE from Block-4 & about 8
Km NE from Block-6
Junair hault railway station about 6.5 km E from block 5
Stretch -5
Nalanda railway station about 4Km SW from Block-8
Rajgir railway station about 10.5 Km W from Block-1
Deep Nagar Halt about 1 km S from block 8 of stretch 5
4.1.2 Nearest Airport
Stretch 1
Patna international Airport
About 71 Km SW from block I & 70 Km NW from block 8
Gaya Airport
About 71 km SW from block 1 & about 84 km SW from block 8
Stretch 2
Patna international Airport
About 68 Km NW from block I & 67Km NW from block 3
Gaya Airport
About 88.7 km SW from block 1 & about 91 km SW from block 3
PROJECT: District Nalanda Sand Blocks (Stretch 1 to 5) Mining Project Pre-Feasibility Report
APPLICANT: M/S Mahadev Enclave Pvt. Ltd (Manoj Kumar Pachisia, Director)
15
Stretch 3
Patna international Airport
About 64 Km NW from block 2
Gaya Airport
About 47.07 km SW from block 2
Stretch 4
Patna international Airport
About 30 Km NW from block 8 , about 33Km NW from block 7 & about 44 Km NW from block 2
Gaya Airport
About 64 km SW from block 6, about 55 km SW from block 2&about 75 km SW from block 8
Stretch 5
Patna international Airport
About 77 Km NW from block I & 64 Km NW from block 8
Gaya Airport
About 66.5 km SW from block 1 & about 75 km SW from block 8
4.1.3 Nearest Highway
SH -71 about 300 S direction from Block 2 & 400 m N direction from Block 1 of Stretch I
SH 83 about 9 Km E direction from Block 7 Stretch I
NH-82 about 3.5 Km N directions from Block 8 Stretch I
NH-82 about 2.5 km S direction from block 1 & 4.5 km S from block 3 of stretch 2
SH- 71 200 m N direction from block I & 500 m S direction from block 2 of stretch 3
NH-110 about 3.5 Km N from block 2 & 3 km N from block 1 & 1 km S from Block -3 of Stretch -4
SH-4 about 4 km E direction from block- 2 of stretch -4
SH-5 about 0.25 km S direction from block -4 of stretch-4
SH-1 about 8.5 km NW direction from block-7 of stretch-4
SH-4 about 3 km E direction from block 8 of stretch -4
SH-71 about 500 meter N direction from block -1 of stretch- 5
PROJECT: District Nalanda Sand Blocks (Stretch 1 to 5) Mining Project Pre-Feasibility Report
APPLICANT: M/S Mahadev Enclave Pvt. Ltd (Manoj Kumar Pachisia, Director)
16
SH-31 about 1 KM E direction from block -1 of stretch- 5
SH-71 about 800 meter S direction from block -2 of stretch- 5
NH-31 about 1.5 km E direction from block -5 of stretch- 5
NH-31 about 1.5 km E direction from block -8 of stretch- 5
NH-82 about 1 km W direction from block 8 of stretch 5
4.2 Land form, land use and land ownership
The proposed activity is to take place in the bed of the River Sakari, Jirain, Paimar, Lokain, Panchane.
The entire lease area is deposited with river bed material. The entire lease area is deposited with river
bed material.
The land has been leased out to M/S M/S Mahadev Enclave Pvt. Ltd. (Shri Manoj Kumar Pachisia -
Director) through letter no 732/Mining dated 27/10/2014 for mining of sand.
4.3 Physiography
The Nalanda district lies between 24º 57’ to 25º 27' north latitudes and 85º 09’ to 85º 55' east longitudes.
The district covers a total area of 2362 sq. km. The climate of this district is on the whole dry, hot in
summer and mild cold in winter. The temperature in the district starts increasing from the beginning of
March till May, which is generally the hottest month. After October, both day and night temperature
decreases rapidly. January is usually the coldest month. Nalanda district has a featureless plain land.
Panchana and Jirain rivers are the main river of the district which is almost dried in summer.It is divided
into 3 Revenue Sub-Divisons and 20 Anchals consisting of 1084 Revenue villages. Out of three
Revenue Sub-Divisions, Bihar sharif is sadar Sub-Division and most urbanized. Hilsa sub-division is
predominantly rural and agricultural. Rajgir, smallest sub-division of the three is most important from
tourism perspective. Rajgir, Nalanda remains, Pawapuri are in Rajgir sub-division.
4.4 Geology:
4.4.1 Regional Geology
The north-eastern part is predominantly characterized by sedimentary lithology in the Sub-Himalayan
zone comprising Subathus, Dagshais, Kasaulis and Siwaliks. A general Regional stratigraphic sequence
in the area is given below-
PROJECT: District Nalanda Sand Blocks (Stretch 1 to 5) Mining Project Pre-Feasibility Report
APPLICANT: M/S Mahadev Enclave Pvt. Ltd (Manoj Kumar Pachisia, Director)
17
Showing the Geological Succession and their geographic distribution
The Tertiaries are exposed in Masan area of North Champaran District, as seriesof low hillocks. They
represent Upper Siwaliks of the Sub-Himalayas and consist of sandstone and claystone, disturbed by
folding and thrust faulting. The entire sequence here occurs as an inlier in the alluvial terrain.The
Quaternary of North Bihar Plains, between the tortuous course of Ganga and Himalayan foothills, are
represented by Older Alluvium Group (OAG) (Bhangar) and Newer Alluvium Group (NAG) (Khader).
The OAG is represented by Mirganj Formation, Khajauli Formation and Madhubani Formation in
PROJECT: District Nalanda Sand Blocks (Stretch 1 to 5) Mining Project Pre-Feasibility Report
APPLICANT: M/S Mahadev Enclave Pvt. Ltd (Manoj Kumar Pachisia, Director)
18
Gandak basin, Gandak- Kosi interfluve and Kosi basin, respectively. The NAG includes the Vaishali
Formation, the Jainagar Formation and Purnea Formation in Gandak basin, Gandak-Kosi interfluve and
Ganga-Kosi-Mahananda interfluve. In the whole region the uppermost formation is the Present Flood
Plains, Diara formation, Channel Bars and Sand Dunnes.In central Bihar Plains the OAG forming the
highest terrace, in the Son-Ganga alluvial tract, and NAG forming younger terraces, as Older Flood
Plains, are exposed all along the Alluvial Upland. The Present Flood Plain deposits are confined with
then channels. The Vindhyans, in Bihar, are exposed in Rohtas and Bhabhua districts as scarps and
plateau. They comprises gritty to fine cemented sandstones, shales, flagstones, quartzites, sandy
siltstones, limestone breccias and porcellanites, the shales often being pyritiferous. The Gondwana rocks
occur as sporadic outlier basins, in the parts of Nalanda district. The main rock types are sandstones, fine
to coarse or gritty sandstone, ironstone,
shales, Carbonaceous shales, coal seams and boulder beds. They are largelycemented, jointed, fractured,
faulted and intruded by dykes and sills. Along the northern fringe of the Chotanagpur Granite Gneiss
Complex are low-grade supracrustals covering the Kharagpur hills, Rajgir hills and Gaya hills referred
to as the Satpura Range, comprises schists, ferruginous phyllite, quartzite and phyllitic shales. The Bihar
Mica belt comprises a sequence of folded hornblende schists, amphibolite, mica-schist, quartzite and
calc-silicates intruded by circular to oval shaped granitic plutons, dolerites, pegmatites and quartz veins.
There are may old mines of mica in this belt. The Archaeans are the oldest rock formation in the state.
The most predominant rocktype is mainly of gneisses and granitic rocks with lesser amount of schists,
quartzites, basic intrusives and pegmatoides. They are exposed in Aurangabad, Gaya, Nawada,Jamui,
Bhagalpur and Banka districts.
4.4.2 Local Geology
The sand exposed in the River bed of Sakari, Jirain, Paimar, Lokain Panchane and surrounding areas is
the product of the deposition of the sediments brought and deposited in the flood plains of River Ganga.
These sediments are of recent geological formation. The litho-units exposed within the river and
surrounding areas have formed as water borne sediments brought by flood water during rainy season
every year and deposited in riverbed. Nalanda (Bihar) is in Indo-Gangetic plain so naturally fertile soil
is one asset of the state. Thus Indo-Gangetic plain’s soil is the backbone of agricultural and industrial
development. The Indo-Gangetic plain in Nalanda (Bihar) consists of a thick alluvial mantle of drift
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origin overlying in most part. The siwalik and older tertiary rocks. The soil is mainly young loam
rejuvenated every year by constant deposition of silt, clay and sand brought by streams but mainly
by floods in Bihar. This soil is deficient in phosphoric acid, nitrogen and humus, but potash and lime are
usually present in sufficient quantity. The most common soil in Bihar is Gangetic alluvium of Indo-
Gangetic plain region, Piedmont Swamp Soil which is found in northwestern part of West Nalanda
district and Terai Soil which is found in northern part of Bihar along the border of Nepal clay soil, sand
soil and loamy soil are common in Bihar. The litho units encountered in the riverbed and surrounding
areas belongs to the Shivalik super groups. The size of the sediments towards the source i.e. host rock is
course and at the tale end of the river the grain size is reduced to smaller sizes resulted in the formation
of clay beds. The following sequences have been observed in the area, i.e. Top soil/ Alluvium followed
by sand deposition (as shown in the figure below).
Sand and silt are deposited in the middle of the river whereas fine sand and soil are deposited at the
fringe of the riverbanks.
Soil/ alluvium varying in thickness from 0.20m to 0.60m m constitute the top horizons in the area
suitable for agriculture. River Ganga meanders through the area exposing the alluvium and soil at the
banks. Sand is found in the river bed upto a depth of more than 3.0 m
Top Soil/
Alluvium
Sand/GravelDeposition
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The surface Geological Plan of each stretches is illustrated below:
Stretches No. PLATE No.i 3A to10Aii 11A to13Aiii 14A to15Aiv 16A to 23Av 24A to 31A
4.5 Existing land use pattern
The mine lease area is flat river bed and river banks. There is no forest land or agriculture land in the
mine lease area. The entire mining lease lies within River bed of Sakari, Jirain, Paimar, Lokain,
Panchane.
4.6 EXISTING INFRASTRUCTURE
The site being on river bed has no existing infrastructure, except for connecting road for transportation.
4.7 SOIL CLASSIFICATION
In Nalanda district there are five types of soils. These are (i) Loam, (ii) Sandy, (iii) Clay, (iv) Sandy
loam and (v) Clay loam. The areas where these kinds of soils are generally found and the corresponding
crops grown in these soils are described below: -
Loam – Found in Nawada, Sirdala and Akbarpur.
Sany – Available in some parts of Nawada, Sirdala and Hisua blocks. It is suited for crops like Maize,
Oil seeds and Groundnut.
Clay – Available in parts of Pakribarwan, and Kauakol blocks. It is suited for paddy, grams and wheat.
Sandy Loam – Found in the development blocks of Nawada, Warsalianj,Akbarpur, Narhat and Hisua. It
is useful mainly for wheat, Maize and Paddy.
Clay Loam – Available in Rajauli and Sirdala blocks. It is useful for paddy, wheat
and potato.
Dhasan
PROJECT: District Nalanda Sand Blocks (Stretch 1 to 5) Mining Project Pre-Feasibility Report
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Fig: Soil Type of Nalanda District
Source: Mine Plan
4.8 Climatic data from secondary sources
Climate & Rainfall
The climate of the Nalanda district is characterized by hot summer and a pleasant winter. April to June
comprises summer month while November to March makes cold season. The southwest monsoon breaks
in the month of June and continues upto the end of September. The average annual rainfall in the district
is 1168 mm. The district receives major amount (86%) of precipitation during the monsoon period.
5. PLANNING BRIEF
5.1 Planning concept
Applied area has been allotted for a period of 5years in five stretches namely Sakari, Jirain, Paimar,
Lokain & Panchane. Applied Area consist of 158.57 ha area in 29 blocks. Mining will be done in five
PROJECT: District Nalanda Sand Blocks (Stretch 1 to 5) Mining Project Pre-Feasibility Report
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stretches in each block leaving safety distance form bank and stream for river bed blocks and barrier
zone of 7.5 m around the Applied Area.
The sand is won from agriculture fields adopting mining and simultaneous reclamation method. The
lessee (settlee) purchases/ (pays compensation for the land), from the farmers for short periods.
The sand shall be excavated by backhoe type excavators capacity & mineral is directly loaded into large
trucks for dispatch to consumers situated in and around Nalanda District. Water is sprinkled in the area
from where the sand is to be removed before the operation starts and thereafter at regular intervals to
keep the dust allayed at the source itself. Removal of soil (overburden) precedes the winning of sand.
Once a pre-determined area has been exhausted of the sand, it shall be replenished by sand during
monsoon period levelled it & maintained its maximum original topography.
There is no need for drilling & blasting as hard rock is not encountered in sand mining. Therefore
Environment and Ecology of the area remains undisturbed.
Light weight excavators/JCB will be deployed for extraction. Mining shall be carried through the
formation of benches. Height & width of benches shall be kept 1.0m & 6m with face slope 400. Haul
road having width 6.0 & gradient 1:12 shall be provided for the movement of machineries &
transportation of sand. Mineral will be loaded in trucks of 25 tonne capacity. There will be no OB or
waste generation as the sand is exposed in the river bed.
Bench will advance parallel to the banks of the river. Height of bench will be 3.0 m. Workings will be
restricted within the Applied Area/ khasra as per the description report given by Mining Department.
Mining activities will be carried out in a manner so that there is no obstruction to the movement of water
flow, if any, during rainy season. The bench will be in the form of slices/ strips parallel to the banks of
the river. Roads in the Applied Area for the movement of loaded trippers/ trucks will not have slopes
more than 1 in 20. However, movement of trucks after mineral loading will be towards both sides
through approach roads connecting to tar roads. Every block will have its own approach roads, well
connected to main highways. No processing of mineral will be done.
Mining will be done upto a maximum depth of 2 m in layers of 1.0 m each which will avoid ponding
effect.
Mining will be confined within central 3/4th width of the river. This will prevent collapse of bank
and erosion.
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It will be done leaving a safety zone of total of 1/4th of the width of the river from the banks for
bank protection.
Excavated area will be replenished naturally due to sediment inflow from the catchment area.
The break up of year wise production schedule from each stretch is as below-
Year Stretch No./Quantities of Sand in Tonnes Total quantities ofSand (Tonnes)1 2 3 4 5
I 3327471 81725 52229 268211 1013422 4743058
II 3327471 81725 52229 268211 1013422 4743058
III 3327471 81725 52229 268211 1013422 4743058
IV 3327471 81725 52229 268211 1013422 4743058
V 3327471 81725 52229 268211 1013422 4743058
Total 16637355 408625 261145 1341055 5067110 23715290
5.2 Population projection
Main occupation in district Nalanda is agriculture. The demographic details of the nearby villages in
district Nalanda is given below:
The socioeconomic details of District Nalanda are as below:
S. No. Description Number Percentage toRespective Total
1 Gender wise Total Population 2373053 100
Male 1242704 52.36
Female 1130349 47.64
Sex Ratio (Male/Female) 910
2 Gender wise Total Population
(0-6 age group)
4375282 100
Male 193179 51.50
Female 182103 48.50
Sex Ratio of 0-6 age group population 1.05
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3 Number of Households and Household Size 381601
Urban Area/Rural Area 13604/367997
Highest Household size 43274 (Dhuraiya)
Lowest Household size 23632 ( Phulidnmar)
4 Total Population of Scheduled CasteCommunity
247885 100
Male 118195 47.70
Female 129663 52.30
5 Total Population of General Community(including OBC)
90432 100
Male 45901 50.75
Female 44531 49.25
6 Total Literates Population 965321 100
Male 590961 61.22
Female 374360 38.78
7 Total Workers 908106 100
Male 704626 77.60
Female 203480 22.40
Overall Gender Gap in work participation rate 64.0
8 Total Main Workers 965321 100
Male 590961 61.20
Female 374360 38.80
Overall gender gap in work participation rate ofmain workers
55.20
9 Total Marginal Workers 731026 100
Male 470427 64.35
Female 260599 35.65
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Source: Mine Plan
5.3 Landuse planning
The land use of the mine lease area is the river bed of River Dhasan (tributary of river Betwa) and there
will be no change in landuse after operation. The sand will be replenished every year during the
monsoon season. The ultimate land use of the mine lease area will not be changed.
5.4 Amenities/facilities
The following facilities/amenities will be extended by the mine management:
A temporary rest shelter will be provided for the workers near to the site for rest.
Provisions will also be made for following in the rest shelter:
First aid box along with anti-venoms to counteract poison produced by certain species of small
insects, if any.
Overall gender gap in work participation rate ofMarginal workers
9.2
10 Total Household Industrial Workers 240528 100
Male 130246 54.15
Female 110282 45.85
11 Total Agricultural Workers 602412 100
Male 398148 66.0
Female 204264 34.0
12 Total Cultivators 403828 100
Male 214601 53.15
Female 189221 46.85
13 Total Agricultural Labour 360286 100
Male 182146 50.55
Female 178140 49.45
14 Total ‘Other Workers’ 248168 100
Male 124596 50.20
Female 123572 49.80
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Sanitation facility i.e. septic tank or community toilet facility will be provided for the workers.
Canteen will be made available near the sites.
6. PROPOSED INFRASTRUCTURE
6.1 Industrial area (Processing Area)
No industrial area is proposed.
6.2 Residential area (Non Processing Area)
As the local people will be given employment, no residential area/ housing is proposed.
6.3 Green belt
The area of the proposed project lies in the river bed and in agriculture fields & devoid of any forest
land.
Mining activities in River Bed blocks will not cause any harm to riparian or aquatic vegetation as
mining will be only in the dry river bed portions of the river leaving safety distance from the bank.
Hence it proposed to plant trees along the banks (wherever possible), along the road sides or near the
civic amenities in consultation with village authority/local bodies.
In river bed mining cases plantation will be done along the barrier zone i.e. around the periphery of the
Applied Area of 7.5m width. It is proposed to have plantation along the road sides on both sides to
provide cover against dust dissemination and also to act as noise absorber. Plantation will also be carried
out as social forestry programme in villages, school/ and the areas allocated by the village
authority/local bodies.
Native plants like Mango, Neem, Eucalyptus, Peepal, Gulmohar, and other local species will selected in
suitable combination, so that can grow fast and also have good leaf cover. It is proposed to plant 1,000 –
1,500 no’s of native species every year.
Year Saplings to beplanted
Species Place of Plantation
I 1500 Mango, Neem,Eucalyptus Peepal,Shisham, Babool,Gulmohar, Arjuna
Along the road sides,banks and barrier zoneII 1500
III 1500
IV 1500
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6.4 Social infrastructure
Road facility (existing roads will be maintained regularly) Employment opportunity Medical camps Social awareness camps, Donations to schools Secondary employment opportunities Formation of self help groups for the women in nearby villages
6.5 Drinking Water Management
Water required for drinking purpose will be obtained through tankers.
6.6 Sewerage System
No sewerage system is proposed at the mine site. However, septic tanks will be made available near the
site for sanitation purpose.
6.7 Industrial Waste Management
Not applicable
6.8 Solid Waste management
No solid waste is expected. Hence, no management is required.
6.9 Power Requirement & Supply/ Source
All the activities will be carried out in a manual manner. The operation will be done only from sun rise
to sun set hence there is no power requirement for the proposed activity.
7 REHABILITATION AND RESETTLEMENT (R&R) PLAN
Not Applicable
V 1500VI 1000 Social forestry programme
in the nearby villages.VII 1000
VIII 1000
Total 10,500
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8 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT FUND
As per the conditions of Saidhantik Letter, it has been proposed to allocate Environment Management
Fund. The settlee shall deposit/pay an amount equal to 50% of the due contract money along with
installments towards the ‘Mines and Minerals Development, Restoration and Rehabilitation fund.
9. PROJECT SCHEDULE & COST ESTIMATES
9.1 Likely date of start of construction and likely date of completion.
The project will commence once Environmental Clearance and other necessary certificates are obtained
from the respective departments.
9.2 Estimated project cost along with analysis in terms of economic viability of the project
The estimated cost of the project will be Rs 5, 92, 90,000.
10. ANALYSIS OF PROPOSAL
The project involves collection of river bed material. This is very essential in order to prevent widening
of the riverbeds and to prevent flooding off and damage to the adjoining areas. This can only be
achieved by maintaining the existing course of the river.
The river banks, on both sides are covered by vegetation and human habitats. Widening of river banks
results in excessive erosion; resulting in damage to flora, agricultural land and settlements which are
situated at very close proximity.
This project operation will provide livelihood to the poorest section of the society. It provides
employment to the people residing in vicinity directly or indirectly by the project. The sand extracted is
in high demand in the local market. This also ensures scientific method of sand extraction.
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