pre int german companion

8/12/2019 Pre Int German Companion

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/pre-int-german-companion 1/88

New

Inside OutPre-intermediateCompanion

German Edition

Sue Kay, Vaughan Jones & Ji ll Leatherbarrow



Welcome to the New Inside Out Pre-intermediate Companion!

What information does the New Inside Out Companion give you?

• a summary of key words and phrases from each unit of New Inside Out Pre-intermediate Student’s Book

• pronunciation of the key words and phrases

• translations of the key words and phrases• sample sentences showing the words and phrases in context

• a summary of the Grammar Extra Reference from New Inside Out Pre-intermediate Student’s Book

Abbreviations used in the Companion

VOWELS AND DIPHTHONGS CONSONANTS

(art) article

(v) verb

(v*) irregular verb

(adj) adjective(n) noun

(phr v) phrasal verb

(pron) pronoun

(prep) preposition

(det) determiner(f) feminine

(m) masculine

(pl n) plural noun

(adv) adverb

(conj) conjunction

/ / big fish /b g f /

/і:/ green beans /gri:n bi:nz// / should look / d l k/

/u:/ blue moon /blu: mu:n/

/e/ ten eggs /ten egz//ǝ/ about moth er /ǝba t m ð /

/ :/ lear n words /l :n w :dz// :/ short t alk / :t t :k//æ/ fat cat /fæt kæt// / must come /m st k m/

/ :/ calm start /k :m st :t/

/ / hot spot /h t sp t// / ear / /

/e / face /fe s/

/ / pure /pj /

/ / boy /b /

/ǝ / nose /nǝ z//eǝ/ hair /heǝ/

/a / eye /a //a / mou th /ma /

/p/ pen /pen//b/ bad /bæd//t/ tea /ti:/

/d/ dog /d g/

/t / church /t :t //d / jazz /d æz/

/k/ cost /k st//g/ girl /g :l/

/f/ far /f ˚: /

/v/ voice /v s/

/ / th in / n//ð/ th en /ðen/

/s/ snake /sne k/

/z/ noise /n z// / shop / p/

/ / mea sure /me ˚ /

/m/ make /me k//n/ nine /na n/

/ŋ/ sing /s ŋ//h/ house /ha s/

/l/ leg /leg//r/ red /red/

/w/ wet /wet//j/ yes /jes/



1

Unit 1 (p. 4)

about (30/50/60 etc) (prep) /ə ba t/ ungefähr; circa “How old is Ben?” “I think he’s about 30 .”

actually (adv) (TS) / æk u li/ übrigens; eigentlich My friends call me Ben. Actually my old friends call meTree.

amaze (v) /ə me z/ verblüffen; erstaunen President Roosevelt amazed his staff by rememberingnearly everyone’s name.

at least /ət li st/ wenigstens Repeat the name in your head at least three times.

banker (n) / bæŋkə/ Bankier A banker is someone who has an important job in abank.

break the law / bre k ðə l / gegen das Gesetz If you break the law , you do something that is illegal. verstoßen

breeze (n) /bri z/ Brise A breeze is a light, gentle wind.

call (v) /k l/ (1) nennen (Sense 1) My English friends call me Marie. (2) anrufen (Sense 2) I can always call Dave if I’m feeling down.

carefully (adv) / keə i/ aufmerksam When you meet someone for the rst time, listencarefully to their name.

choose (v) / u z/ wählen Choosing a name for your child is an importantdecision.

close friend (n) / klə s frend/ guter Freund A close friend is a friend you like a lot and spend a lotof time with.

decision (n) /d s n/ Entscheidung Choosing a name for your child is an importantdecision .

earn (v) / n/ verdienen Bankers earn a lot of money and are very rich.

exercise (v) / eksəsa z/ üben; trainieren When you exercise your brain, you think hard in

order to remember or do something.fashionable (adj) / fæ n bl/ Mode; modern It’s fashionable to choose names of places for

children’s names.

feel down (TS) / l da n/ sich schlecht fühlen When I’m feeling down, I can always talk to him.

be focused on yourself /bi fə kəst n jə self/ auf sich selber If you’ re too focused on yourself , you won’tkonzentriert sein remember people’s names.

follow a trend / f l ə trend/ einem Trend folgen When people follow a trend , they do somethingbecause it is fashionable.



2

forehead (n) / f r d; f hed / Stirn President Roosevelt visualised the name on the person’sforehead .

friendly (adj) / frendli/ freundlich Someone who is friendly is easy to talk to.

have a go / hæv ə gə/ einfach versuchen It’s important to participate in class and have a go .

hear of (phr v) / h r əv/ hören von Have you ever heard of anyone called Sky, Rain or River?

identify (v) /a dent fa / identi zieren Your name is how you identify yourself and how otherpeople identify you.

initial (n) / n l/ Initial His initials are CD—Charles Denroche.

joke (n) / k / Witz Do you enjoy telling jokes at parties?

learner (n) / l n / Lerner A good language learner practises a lot.

left-handed (adj) / left hænd d/ Linkshänder Someone who is left-handed writes with their left hand.

like best / la k best/ am liebsten mögen What do you like best in class – reading, writing,speaking or listening?

local (adj) / lə kl/ lokal Don’t name your child after your local pizza restaurant orshopping mall!

maiden name (n) / me dn ne m/ Mädchenname A woman’s maiden name is her surname before she wasmarried.

make a good impression / me k ə g d m pre n/ einen guten Remembering people’s names always makes a good Eindruck machen impression .

meaning (n) / mi n ŋ/ Bedeutung Does your name have a special meaning ?

memorable (adj) / mem(ə)rəbl/ unvergesslich Something memorable about a person’s appearance issomething that is easy to remember about the way theylook.

memory (n) / mem(ə)ri/ Gedächtnis I’ve got a bad memory – I can never remember newvocabulary.

middle-aged (adj) / m dl e d / mittleren Alters Someone who is middle-aged is between about 45 and 55.

name (v) /ne m/ nennen Madonna named her daughter Lourdes.name sb after sb/sth (phr v) / ne m ft / jmd nach jmd/ She named her daughter Lourdes after the town in

etwas nennen France.

nature (n) / ne / Natur Names like Sky, River and Rain all come from nature .

notebook (n) / nə t b k / Notizbuch Write new vocabulary in a notebook .

nowadays (adv) / na de z / heutzutage Nowadays a lot of people name their children afterfamous people.



3

original (adj) /ə r n (ə)l/ originell People with unusual or original names often feel special.

parking ticket (n) / p k ŋ t k t/ Strafzettel Unfortunately when we got back to the car, we had aparking ticket !

pay attention / pe ə ten n/ aufpassen The rst step in remembering someone’s name is to payattention .

popular (adj) / p pj l / populär Beyoncé and Britney were popular names a few years ago.

Really? / r li / Wirklich “We went to a fabulous new restaurant in town.”“Really? What is it called?”

recent (adj) / ri sənt/ vor kurzem A recent survey showed that people with unusual namesdurchgeführt feel special.

record (v) /r k d/ aufzeichnen It’s a good idea to record new words in a notebook.

religious (adj) /rə l əs / religiös “Mary” is a religious name.

remember (v) /r memb / sich erinnern an Do you nd it easy to remember people’s names?

retired (adj) /r ta d / pensioniert; im Someone who is retired no longer works.Ruhestand

review (v) /r vju / überprüfen It’s important to record and constantly review newlanguage.

shopping mall (n) / p ŋ m l / Einkaufspassage A shopping mall is a very large building with a lot ofshops.

shy (adj) / a / schüchtern Someone who is shy feels nervous when they are withother people.

side of the family / sa d əv ðə fæmli/ Seite der Familie Which side of the family is bigger – your mother’s sideor your father’s side?

speak out (phr v) / spi k a t/ sich melden; seine People who are shy nd it dif cult to speak out in class.Meinung sagen

staff (n) /st f / Personal; Mitarbeiter President Roosevelt amazed his staff by rememberingnearly everyone’s name.

stay in touch (TS) / ste n t / in Kontakt bleiben Dave and I stay in touch by email and phone.

step (n) /step/ Schritt What are the four easy steps for rememberingsomeone’s name?

stressed (adj) /strest/ gestresst Someone who is stressed is worried or nervous becausethey have a lot of problems.

subtitles (n pl) / s b ta tlz/ Untertiteln Do you watch English DVDs with English subtitles ?



4

survey (n) / s ve / Umfrage A recent survey showed that people with unusual namesfeel special.

taste (v) /te st/ kosten The sushi is fantastic – the best I’ve ever tasted !

the past (n) / ðə p st/ die Vergangenheit In the past parents named their children after familyrelatives.

train (v) /tre n/ trainieren Learning new words is a good way of training yourmemory.

trend (n) /trend/ Trend Nowadays naming children after places has become atrend .

typical (adj) / t p kl/ typisch “Pedro” is a typical Spanish name.

unfortunately (adv) / n f (ə)nətli/ leider Unfortunately when we got back to the car, we had aparking ticket!

unusual (adj) / n ju l / ungewöhnlich Do you prefer names that are unusual and original?

visualise (v) / v la z / visualisieren President Roosevelt visualised the name on the person’sforehead.

wonder (v) / w nd / sich fragen I wonder if everyone with an unusual or original name

feels special.

FAMILY MEMBERS FAMILIENMITGLIEDERaunt (n) /a nt/ Tante Your aunt is the sister of your mother or father.

boyfriend (n) / b frend/ Freund “Does Marie have a boyfriend ?” “I don’t know.”

brother (n) / br ð / Bruder Marie’s brother calls her “Baby”.

brother-in-law (n) / br ð n l / Schwager Your brother-in-law is the brother of your husband orwife.

child (n)/children (pl) / a ld / ldr n / Kind/Kinder Some people name their children after famous people.

cousin (n) / k zn / Cousin; Cousine Your cousins are the children of your aunt or uncle.

daughter (n) / d t / Tochter Madonna named her daughter Lourdes, after the townin France.

ex-husband (n) / eks h zb nd / Ex-Mann Your ex-husband is the man you are divorced from.

ex-wife (n) / eks wa f / Ex-Frau Your ex-wife is the woman you are divorced from.

father (n) / fa ðə/ Vater Your father is your male parent.

father-in-law (n) / fa ðə n l / Schwiegervater Your father-in-law is your wife’s or husband’s father.

girlfriend (n) / g l frend/ Freundin Dave listened to me when I had girlfriend problems.



5

granddaughter (n) / græn d t / Enkelin Your granddaughter is the daughter of your son ordaughter.

grandfather (n) / græn fa ðə/ Großvater Your grandfather is the father of your mother or father.

grandmother (n) / græn m ð / Großmutter Your grandmother is the mother of your mother orfather.

grandson (n) / græn s n/ Enkel(sohn) Your grandson is the son of your daughter or son.

great grandfather (n) / gre t grænfa ðə/ Urgroßvater Your great-grandfather is the father of yourgrandmother or grandfather.

great grandmother (n) / gre t grænm ð / Urgroßmutter Your great-grandmother is the mother of yourgrandmother or grandfather.

half-brother (n) / ha f br ð / Halbbruder A half-brother is a brother who has either the samemother or the same father as you.

half-sister (n) / ha f s st / Halbschwester A half-sister is a sister who has either the same mother orthe same father as you.

mother (n) / m ð / Mutter Your mother is your female parent.

mother-in-law (n) / m ð n l / Schwiegermutter Your mother-in-law is your wife’s or husband’s mother.

nephew (n) / nefju/ Neffe Your nephew is a son of your brother or sister.niece (n) /ni s/ Nichte Your niece is a daughter of your brother or sister.

parents (n pl) / peərənts/ Eltern In the past, parents named their children after importantfamily relatives.

partner (n) / pa tnə/ Partner(in) Your partner is the person you live with but who you arenot married to.

relative (n) / relət v/ Verwandte(r) Your relatives are the people in your family.

sister (n) / s st / Schwester Ben’s sisters call him “Big Ben”.

sister-in-law (n) / s st n l / Schwägerin Your sister-in-law is the sister of your husband or wife.

son (n) /s n / Sohn David and Victoria Beckham named their son Brooklynafter an area in New York.

stepfather (n) / step fa ðə/ Stiefvater Your stepfather is your mother’s second husband.

stepmother (n) / step m ð / Stiefmutter Your stepmother is your father’s second wife.

twin (n) /tw n/ Zwilling A twin is one of two children born at the same time tothe same mother.

uncle (n) / ŋkl / Onkel Your uncle is the brother of your father or mother.



6

Unit 2 (p.12)

adventure (n) /əd ven ə/ Abenteuer If you’re looking for adventure , don’t go to Dahab – it’squiet there.

air conditioning (n) / eə kən d n ŋ/ Klimaanlage It’s hot in summer, but fortunately my of ce has airconditioning .

architecture (n) / a k tek / Architektur The architecture in Rio is a mixture of old and new.

buzzing (adj) / b z ŋ / aufregend Reykjavik is small but the nightlife is buzzing .

contrast (n) / k ntra st/ Kontrast; Gegensatz Iceland is a land of ice and re – full of contrasts .

currency (n) / k r nsi / Währung The currency of a country is the type of money that isused there.

dance oor (n) / da ns / Tanz äche We went to a disco at 2.00 a.m. and were surprised to seeonly a few people on the dance oor .

delicious (adj) /d l s / lecker In Shanghai you can eat delicious noodles in the street.

go diving / gə da v ŋ/ tauchen gehen You can go diving in the Red Sea if you like!

do everything wrong / du evriθ ŋ r ŋ/ alles falsch machen They do everything wrong here, but the quality of lifeis great!

dream holiday (n) / dri m h l de / Traumurlaub Win a Dream Holiday for two in our competition!

energetic (adj) (TS) / enə et k / energisch Argentinian people are loud, energetic and really goodfun.

enjoy yourself (v re ) / n jə self / sich amüsieren The quality of life is great and people know how toenjoy themselves .

enough (det.) / n f / genug It’s important to get enough sleep.

excitement (n) / k sa tm nt/ Aufregung Do you like holidays with excitement , adventure andparties?

fall in love (with) / f l n l v / sich verlieben (in) Now I understand why people fall in love with Africa.

re (n) / fa / Feuer Iceland is a land of contrasts -- of ice and re .

amingo (n) / ə m ŋgə / Flamingo Flamingos are tall pink birds that live near water.

freezing (adj) / fri z ŋ/ eiskalt The air in Iceland is freezing but the springs are very hot.

go back (phr v) / gə bæk / zurückkehren Africa is great and I want to go back there.



7

good fun (TS) / g d f n / lustig Argentinian people are loud, energetic and really goodfun .

hate (v) (TS) /he t/ hassen I really hate living here. It’s horrible.

hippo (n) / h p / Flusspferd Hippos are large African animals with thick, grey skinthat live near rivers.

hot springs (n pl) / h t spr ŋz/ heiße Quellen Hot springs consist of hot water that comes up fromunder the ground.

ice (n) /a s/ Eis Iceland is a land of contrasts – of ice and re.

island (n) / a l nd/ Insel An island is an area of land that is surrounded by water.

I’m kidding. / a m k d ŋ/ Ich mache nur Spaß. “My parents live in Hollywood.” “Really?” “No, I’mkidding , they live near South Beach.”

leave sb in peace (TS) / li v s mb di n pi s/ jmd in Ruhe lassen There are too many tourists. Why don’t they leave us inpeace ?

lion (n) / la n / Löwe A lion is a large African animal with golden fur.

be a long way from / bi ə l ŋ we frəm/ weit weg von Iceland is a long way from the rest ofetwas sein Europe but it’s very up-to-date.

lucky (adj) / l ki / Glück haben We’re lucky with our hotel – it’s near the city centre andwe have a fantastic view.

a mixture of /ə m ks r əv / eine Mischung aus The architecture in Rio is a mixture of old and new.

nightlife (n) / na t la f / Nachtleben There are lots of discos and clubs here – the nightlife isgreat!

noodles (n pl) / nu dlz/ Nudeln In Shanghai you can eat delicious noodles in the street.

on your own (TS) / n jər ə n / allein Emma ew to Buenos Aires on her own .

originally (adv) /ə r n (ə)li/ ursprünglich I live in New York but I’m originally from England.

peace and quiet / pi s ən kwa t/ Ruhe und Frieden I’m not really interested in nightlife – I prefer peace andquiet .

plenty of (TS) / plenti əv/ eine Vielzahl In Rio there are plenty of restaurants, cafés and bars.quality of life (n) / kw l ti əv la f / Lebensqualität The quality of life is great and people know how to

enjoy themselves.

relax (v) /r læks/ sich entspannen You can go diving or just relax on the beach.

scenery (n) / si nəri/ Landschaft The scenery in Africa is spectacular.

seat (n) /si t/ Sitzplatz The bus is very crowded but I usually get a seat .



8

shop till you drop / p t l j dr p/ einkaufen, bis man If you shop till you drop , you shop for a long timezu müde wird until you feel very tired.

spectacular (adj) /spek tækj l / atemberaubend In Africa the scenery is spectacular .

traf c (n) / træf k / Verkehr Everyone has a car nowadays and there’s too much trafc on the roads.

have trouble doing sth /hæv tr bl du ŋ Schwierigkeiten We went out to dinner at 11.30 p.m. and had trouble

s mθ ŋ / haben, etwas zu tun getting a table.up-to-date (adj) / pt de t / aktuell; up to date A place that is up-to-date is modern and exciting.

welcome (n) / welkəm/ Willkommen; Begrüßung In Dahab, you’ll nd the best welcome in Egypt.

welcoming (adj) / welkəm ŋ/ gastfreundlich African people are friendly and welcoming .

without a doubt /w ða t ə da t / ohne Zweifel Shanghai is, without a doubt , the best place on earthfor shopping!

ADJECTIVES TO DESCRIBE PLACES ADJEKTIVE, DIE EINEN ORT BESCHREIBENbeautiful (adj) / bju tə / schön The countryside is beautiful and the air is lovely and

clean.

big (adj) / b g/ groß Paulo loves Rio – he thinks it’s big and exciting.boring (adj) / b r ŋ/ langweilig Armelle thinks the village is dull and boring at night.

clean (adj) /kli n/ sauber The countryside is beautiful and the air is lovely and clean .

crowded (adj) / kra d d / überfüllt Venice is very noisy and crowded , especially in thesummer.

dirty (adj) / d ti/ schmutzig The canals in Venice are so dirty and polluted.

dull (adj) /d l / langweilig I nd it dull here – there aren’t any discos or cinemas.

exciting (adj) / k sa t ŋ/ aufregend “Why do you like Rio?” “It’s big and exciting .”

expensive (adj) / k spens v/ teuer Because of the tourists, the shops are too expensive .

fabulous (adj) / fæbj l s / fabelhaft Win a dream holiday in one of these fabulous destinations!

hot (adj) /h t / heiß I don’t like Rio much in the summer; it’s too hot andhumid.

humid (adj) / hju m d/ feucht “What’s the weather like?” “It’s hot and humid .

interesting (adj) / ntr st ŋ/ interessant In big cities, there are lots of interesting places to visit.

lovely (adj) / l vli / wunderschön The air in the countryside is lovely and clean.



9

modern (adj) / m d (ə)n/ modern Shanghai is a modern , up-to-date city.

noisy (adj) / n zi / laut There are too many tourists. It gets very noisy andcrowded.

polluted (adj) / pə lu təd/ verschmutzt The canals in Venice are very dirty and polluted .

romantic (adj) /rə mænt k / romantisch A lot of people think Venice is a special place – a veryromantic city.

small (adj) /sm l/ klein Armelle lives in a small village with her parents.

spectacular (adj) /spek tækj l / spektakulär The view of the city from our hotel room is spectacular .

COMPASS DIRECTIONS KOMPASSRICHTUNGENcentre (n) / sentə/ Mitte; Zentrum Ankara is in the centre of Turkey.

north (n/adj) /n θ / Norden; nördlich Hollywood is north of Los Angeles.

north-east (n/adj) / n θ i st/ Nordosten; nordöstlich Manchester is just north-east of Liverpool.

north-west (n/adj) / n θ west/ Nordwesten; Manchester and Liverpool are in the north-west nordwestlich of England.

south (n/adj) /sa θ / Süden; südlich Los Angeles is south of Hollywood.south-east (n/adj) / sa θ i st/ Südosten; südöstlich London is in the south-east of England.

south-west (n/adj) / sa θ west/ Südwesten; südwestlich Cornwall is a region in the south-west of England.

east (n/adj) /i st/ Osten; östlich Berlin is in the east of Germany.

west (n/adj) /west/ Westen; westlich Los Angeles is on the west coast of the USA.

PLACES IN A CITY ORTE IN EINER STADT art gallery (n) / t gæl(ə)ri/ Kunstgalerie Paris has a lot of wonderful museums and art galleries .

bar (n) / b / Bar; Kneipe There are lots of interesting cafés and bars in Rio.

beach (n) / bi / Strand Copacabana Beach is the most famous beach in the world.bridge (n) / br / Brücke The Rialto Bridge is a very famous bridge in Venice.

canal (n) /kə næl/ Kanal In Venice the canals are dirty and polluted.

car park (n) / k p k / Parkplatz It can be dif cult to park in big cities as the car parks areoften full.

castle (n) / k sl / Burg; Schloss There’s a very famous castle in Edinburgh on top of a hill.

cathedral (n) /kə θi drəl/ Kathedrale A cathedral is a very big church in a city.



10

church (n) / / Kirche San Marco in Venice is one of the most famous churches in the world.

fountain (n) / fa nt n / Brunnen A fountain is a structure through which water rises intothe air and falls again.

high-rise buildings (n pl) / ha ra z b ld ŋz/ Hochhäuser In some parts of Rio there are too many high-risebuildings .

hill (n) /h l/ Hügel The statue in Rio stands on top of a hill .library (n) / la br ri/ Bibliothek A library is a building where you go to read or borrow

books.

mosque (n) /m sk / Moschee A mosque is a building in which Muslims worship.

museum (n) /mju zi əm/ Museum Paris has a lot of wonderful museums and art galleries.

park (n) / p k / Park The big park in the centre of New York is called CentralPark.

restaurant (n) / rest(ə)r nt / Restaurant There are plenty of cheap restaurants and bars in Rio.

sea (n) /si / Meer Dahab is a town in Egypt by the Red Sea .

shopping centre (n) / p ŋ sentə/ Einkaufszentrum There are lots of shopping centres in Shanghai.

square (n) /skweə/ Platz “Piazza” is the Italian word for “ square ”.

statue (n) / stæ u / Statue The statue in Rio stands on top of a hill.

theatre (n) / θ t / Theater A theatre is a building where you go to see plays.

Unit 3 (p.20)

affair (n) /ə feə/ Affäre Lady Moon’s husband didn’t hide his affair and this madeher feel really bad.

cameraman (n) / kæmrə mæn/ Kameramann A cameraman is someone who uses a camera to makelms or TV programmes.

canteen (n) (TS) /kæn ti n/ Kantine Fred went to the canteen and this little lady was servinglunch.

cellar (n) / selə/ Keller A cellar is a room at the bottom of a house where youcan keep things.

collection (n) /kə nek n/ Sammlung Lady Moon’s husband had a collection of ne wines inthe cellar.



11

contestant (n) /kən testənt/ Teilnehmer(in); Contestants Rosie and Dave want to win the £10,000Kandidat(in) prize.

correctly (adv) /kə rektli/ korrekt The old man predicted the weather correctly and savedthe director thousands of dollars.

doorstep (n) / d step/ Türschwelle; She went round the village and put a bottle of wine onEingangsstufe each doorstep .

lm (v) /f lm/ drehen; lmen The director was lming an important lm in the desert.lming (n) / f lm ŋ/ Dreharbeiten The director and the cameraman talked about the next

day’s lming .

nd out (phr v) / fa nd a t/ heraus nden When she found out her husband was having an affair,she decided not to leave him.

furious (adj) / fj ri s / wütend He was furious when Hermione told him she was in anight club.

game show (n) / ge m / Gameshow A game show is a TV programme in which people try towin money.

get your revenge / get jə r ven / sich rächen When you get your revenge , you do something bad tosomeone who has done something bad to you.

heart attack (n) (TS) / h t ə tæk / Herzattacke She nearly had a heart attack when Fred rang her up.

hide (v) /ha d/ verbergen He didn’t hide his affair and this made her feel really bad.

be hosted by / bi hə stəd ba/ von jmd moderiert If a game show is hosted by someone, it is presented bywerden that person.

impressed (adj) / m prest/ beeindruckt The director was impressed and gave the old man a job.

in the background / n ðə bækgra nd/ im Hintergrund When she answered the mobile, music was playing loudlyin the background .

It doesn’t matter / t d znt mætə/ Es macht nichts. Do you agree that it doesn’t matter if children losetouch with their parents?

lover (n) / l v / Liebhaber; Geliebte She was very angry when she saw his car parked outsidehis lover’s house.

main (adj) /me n/ Haupt- Do you agree that the main reason for getting married isto have children?

move (to) (v) /mu v/ umziehen (nach) We moved to different places and lost touch with eachother.

operation (n) / pə re n/ Operation Dave went into hospital for an operation .

patient (n) / pe nt/ Patient(in) A patient is someone who is ill or injured and receivesmedical treatment.



12

post (v) / pə st/ per Post schicken He posted Hermione’s meal to her with a note saying,“Here’s your dinner.”!

pour (v) / p / gießen She poured thick white paint over her husband’s new car.

predict (v) / pr d kt/ vorhersagen Someone who predicts something says that it willhappen in the future.

be right / bi ra t/ Recht haben The old man was right – he said “Tomorrow rain” andthe next day it rained.

same (adj) /se m/ gleich Rosie and Dave have to give the same answers to thesame questions.

separate (adj) / sep(ə)rət/ getrennt Bobby interviews Rosie and Dave in separate studios.

shake your head / e k jə hed/ den Kopf schütteln If you shake your head , you often mean “No.” or “Idon’t know.”

be sick (TS) / bi s k / sich übergeben Dave said, “Nurse, I’m going to be sick .”

storm (n) /st m/ Sturm If there is a storm , there is a lot of wind and rain.

studio (n) / stju diə / Studio Bobby interviews Rosie and Dave in separate studios .

on time / n ta m/ pünktlich Hermione was always late – she never arrived on time .

unsurprisingly (adv) / nsə pra z ŋli/ nicht besonders My four friends arrived on time, but unsurprisingly überraschend Hermione didn’t.

war memorial (n) / w mə m riəl/ Kriegsdenkmal She left the other bottles on the war memorial in thecentre of the village.

ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS ADJEKTIVE UND ADVERBIENangry (adj) / æŋgri/ böse; zornig Lady Moon was angry and decided to get her revenge.

angrily (adv) / æŋgrəli/ zornig “Where are you?” he shouted angrily .

attractive (adj) /ə trækt v

/ attraktiv At rst he found the differences between himself andHermione attractive .

attractively (adv) /ə trækt vli/ attraktiv She always looks smart and dresses attractively .

bad (adj) / bæd/ schlecht She felt bad because her husband didn’t hide his affair.

badly (adv) / bædli/ schlecht I don’t play tennis well – in fact I play very badly .

beautiful (adj) / bju tə / schön She poured paint over her husband’s beautiful newblack car.

beautifully (adv) / bju tə i/ schön She’s very talented and plays the piano beautifully .



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careful (adj) / keə / vorsichtig She’s a careful driver.

carefully (adv) / keəf (ə)li/ vorsichtig I plan my days carefully .

different (adj) / d fr nt/ anders; Hermione and I were very different .unterschiedlich;verschieden

differently (adv) / d fr ntli/ anders We’ve decided to organise things differently this year.

early (adj) / li/ früh I hate getting up in the early morning.early (adv) / li/ früh I always arrived early ; she always arrived late.

good (adj) /g d / gut Hermione’s ex-boyfriend is a good cook.

late (adj) /le t/ spät If you have a late night, it means you go to bed late.

late (adv) /le t/ spät I always arrived early; she always arrived late .

loud (adj) /la d / laut It’s dif cult to have a conversation when the music’s loud .

loudly (adv) / la dli/ laut When she answered her mobile, music was playing loudly in the background.

quick (adj) /kw k / schnell They came to see us for a quick visit.

quickly (adv) / kw kli/ schnell She quickly drove home and put a pot of paint into hercar.

Be quiet! (adj) / bi kwa t/ Sei(d) ruhig! ; Ruhe! There’s too much noise. Please be quiet !

quietly (adv) / kwa tli/ ruhig; leise Lady Moon quietly placed a bottle of wine on eachdoorstep.

tidy (adj) / ta di/ ordentlich A tidy person always makes sure things are in the correctplace.

tidily (adv) / ta d li/ ordentlich Everything on the desk was arranged tidily .

unhappy (adj) / n hæpi/ unglücklich Her husband didn’t hide his affair and this made herunhappy .

unhappily (adv) / n hæpəli/ unglücklich She thought it was better to be unhappily married thannot married at all.

well (adv) /wel/ gut I cook well so I decided to have a dinner party.

ADJECTIVES ENDING IN –ED AND –ING ADJEKTIVE, DIE MIT –ED UND –ING ENDENannoyed (adj) /ə n d/ verärgert When the dog makes a lot of noise, the neighbours get

annoyed .

annoying (adj) /ə n ŋ/ ärgerlich It’s annoying when the dog makes a lot of noise.



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bored (adj) / b d / gelangweilt The students are often bored in lessons.

boring (adj) / b r ŋ/ langweilig Sometimes, our lessons are very boring .

confused (adj) /kən fju zd/ verwirrt Looking at the map, I was confused .

confusing (adj) /kən fju z ŋ/ verwirrend The map wasn’t easy to understand – it was veryconfusing.

depressed (adj) /d prest/ deprimiert England fans were depressed at the score: Brazil 6England 0.

depressing (adj) /d pres ŋ/ deprimierend Brazil 6 England 0 is a depressing score for England fans.

embarrassed (adj) / m bær st/ verlegen Children are sometimes embarrassed by their parents.

embarrassing (adj) / m bær s ŋ/ peinlich Parents sometimes do things that their children think areembarrassing .

excited (adj) / k sa t d/ aufgeregt Excited spectators watched the race.

exciting (adj) / k sa t ŋ/ aufregend The race is very exciting .

frightened (adj) / fra tnd/ Angst haben Are you frightened of dogs?

frightening (adj) / fra tn ŋ/ furchterregend Some people think dogs are frightening .

interested (adj) / ntr st d/ interessiert Are you interested in football?interesting (adj) / ntr st ŋ/ interessant She’s a good teacher – her lessons are very interesting .

surprised (adj) /sə pra zd/ überrascht The boy got 90% in his exam and was very surprised .

surprising (adj) /sə pra z ŋ/ überraschend He got a surprising 90% in the exam.

tired (adj) / ta d / müde I often feel tired after work.

tiring (adj) / ta r ŋ/ ermüdend Work can be very tiring .

EXPRESSIONS WITH “GET”1) get a text message / get ə tekst mes / eine SMS-Nachricht How many text messages do you get a day?

empfangen

get a job / get ə b / einen Job nden I want to get a job for the summer.

get new shoes / get nju u z/ neue Schuhe kaufen I’m going shopping; I want to get some new shoes .

2) get better / get betə/ sich verbessern He works hard and is getting better at English.

get dark / get d k / dunkel werden It gets dark early in the winter.

get warm / get w m/ warm werden In the summer, it can get very warm .



15

3) get home / get hə m/ nach Hause kommen What time do you get home ?

get there / get ðeə/ ankommen It takes me 20 minutes to get to school; I leave home at8.30 and get there at 8.50.

get to work / get tə w k / zur Arbeit kommen What time do you get to work in the morning?

4) get changed / get e n d / sich umziehen I got changed and went to play football.

get dressed / get drest/ sich anziehen I had a shower and got dressed .

get married / get mærid/ heiraten Do you want to get married ?

5) get on (phr v) / get n/ gut auskommen mit Do you get on with your brothers and sisters?

get together (phr v) / get tə geðə/ sich treffen Shall we all get together for a drink?

get up (phr v) / get p/ aufstehen He usually gets up at 7.30 in the morning.

NARRATIVE LINKERS VERBINDUNGEN IN EINEM NARRATIVEN TEXT A week later /ə wi k le t/ Eine Woche später A week later , Hermione sent a postcard saying, “Too

much salt.”!

At rst / ət f st/ Anfangs At rst she was only 15 or 20 minutes late. But she got

later and later.At the end of (August) / ət ði end əv/ Ende August It’s my birthday at the end of Augus t.

Finally (adv) / fa n(ə)li/ Zum Schluss Finally she took a pair of scissors and cut the arms andlegs off all his suits.

Last year / l st j / Letztes Jahr Last year , I went out with Hermione for four months.

Next (adv) /nekst/ Danach Next she took his collection of wines from the cellar.

One day / w n de / Eines Tages One day she saw his car parked outside his lover’s house.

That evening / ðæt i vn ŋ/ An jenem Abend That evening my friends arrived on time but Hermionewas late.

That night / ðæt na t/ In jener Nacht That night she went round the village and placed a

bottle of wine on each doorstep.The next morning /ðə nekst m n ŋ/ Am folgenden Morgen The next morning I posted her dinner to her.

Then (adv) /ðen/ Dann She drove to the lover’s house. Then she poured whitepaint over her husband’s car.



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RELATIONSHIP EXPRESSIONS BEZIEHUNGENchat sb up (phr v) / æt s mb di p / anquatschen; sich She chatted Fred up by saying, “I’ll be your girl tonight.”

heranmachen

fall in love / f l n l v / sich verlieben When did Teresa and Fred rst fall in love ?

fancy sb (v) / fænsi s mb di/ jmd attraktiv nden If you fancy someone, you want to have relationship withthem.

get divorced / get d v st/ sich scheiden lassen Teresa got divorced after 30 years of marriage.get married / get mærid/ heiraten How old were your parents when they got married ?

go out together / gə a t tə geðə/ zusammen ausgehen They met in Blackpool and went out together for threemonths.

have children / hæv ldr n / Kinder bekommen Do you agree that the main reason for getting married isto have children ?

have a row / hæv ə ra / sich streiten She was very angry and they had a row .

kiss sb (v) / k s s mb di / jmd küssen When you kiss someone, you touch their face with yourlips to show that you like them.

live together (phr v) / l v tə geðə/ zusammenleben Is it a good idea to live together before you get married?

lose touch (with sb) / lu z t / den Kontakt mit We lost touch with each other after a few months. jmd verlieren

meet (sb) (v) /mi t/ sich kennen lernen Teresa and Fred rst met fty years ago.

meet the parents / mi t ðə peərənts/ die Eltern kennen lernen I was quite nervous before meeting the parents .

move in together / mu v n tə geðə/ zusammenziehen When two people move in together , they start livingtogether in the same house or at.

ring sb up (phr v) / r ŋ s mb di p / jmd anrufen Fred rang her up and they met soon after that.

split up (phr v) / spl t p/ sich trennen When two people split up , they end their relationship.

Review A (p.28)arrange to do sth /ə re n tə du s mθ ŋ / etwas vereinbaren One day we arranged to meet in a café.

chat (v) / æt / quatschen We chatted and I discovered Mark was an interestingperson.



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con dent (adj) / k nf d (ə)nt/ zuversichtlich; selbstbewusst Adriana knew everyone and was very condent .

cool (adj) /ku l/ cool I liked her but thought she was too cool .

far too much/many / f tu m / meni/ viel zu viel(e) We eat far too much chocolate/ far too many chocolates.

a rst impression of sb /ə f st m pre n əv ein erster Eindruck What was your rst impression of your best friend?s mb di / von jmd

generous (adj) / en r s / großzügig Deb’s a fantastic person – she’s very generous and a lotof fun.

get into trouble / get nt tr bl / in Schwierigkeiten geraten; We were naughty at school and got into trouble !Ärger bekommen

good-looking (adj) / g d l k ŋ / gut aussehend Someone who is good-looking has an attractive face.

home town (n) / hə m ta n / Heimatstadt Your home town is the town where you were born orgrew up.

immediately (adv) / mi di tli/ sofort Deb and Liz met in a café and liked each otherimmediately .

internet chat site (n) / nt net æt sa t / Internet Chatsite We met on an internet chat site in 2003.

laugh (v) /l f / lachen Woody made me laugh 20 years ago and he makes melaugh now!

a living (n sing.) / ə l v ŋ/ Lebensunterhalt (verdienen) “What do you do for a living ?” “I’m a nurse.”

look like / l k la k / aussehen wie He looks very young, in fact he looks like a student.

mean (v) /mi n/ bedeuten What does your name mean ?

mistake (n) /m ste k / Fehler I do my work carefully – I never make mistakes !

naughty (adj) / n ti/ unartig We were naughty at school and got into trouble!

online (adv) / n la n/ online They talked online all the time and one day theyarranged to meet.

public transport (n) / p bl k trænsp t/ öffentliche Verkehrsmittel Public transport is transport that everyone can use suchas buses and trains.

similar (adj) / s m l / ähnlich Deb and Liz are very similar – they both lived abroad andboth had parents who got divorced.

single (adj) / s ŋgl/ ledig Someone who is single is not married or does not have apartner.

wake up (phr v) / we k p/ aufwachen They were watching TV when the baby woke up .



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Unit 4 (p.32)

according to /ə k d ŋ tu/ laut; zufolge According to environmental groups, cheap clothes arebad for the environment.

across the UK/Spain etc /ə kr s ðə ju ke/ spe n/ quer durch New stores are opening across the UK, Spain andIreland .

afford to do sth /ə f d tə du s mθ ŋ/ sich leisten Jim can’t afford to buy electronic equipment – it’s tooexpensive.

agree (v) /ə gri/ zustimmen Most men only agree to go shopping when they reallyneed something.

appointment (n) /ə p ntmənt/ Termin It’s annoying when people are late for appointments .

on average / n ævr / im Durchschnitt On average , people buy 50 items of clothing a year.

avoid (v) /ə v d/ vermeiden Why does Conor avoid going into supermarkets?

book review (n) / b k r vju / Buchrezension A book review is an article in which someone gives theiropinion about a book they have read.

I don’t bother to do sth /a də nt b ð tə du sich nicht um etwas Some women don’t bother to look at the price tag befores mθ ŋ / kümmern …. they buy.

brightly coloured (adj) / bra tli k l d / bunt Do you prefer dark or brightly coloured clothes?

compare (v) /kəm peə/ vergleichen I enjoy comparing prices and quality in different shops.

consumer (n) /kən sju mə/ Verbraucher(in) Consumers pay low prices for clothes at Primark.

cry (v) (TS) /kra / weinen When Eddie’s sister read the card, she cried !

damage (v) / dæm / schaden Friends of the Earth say cheap clothes are damaging theenvironment.

dark (adj) /d k / dunkel Do you prefer dark or brightly coloured clothes?

diamond ring (n) / da m nd r ŋ / Brillantring He bought her an expensive diamond ring for herbirthday.

digital (adj) / d tl / digital Do you have digital TV?

disaster (n) (TS) /d z st / Desaster; Unglück She didn’t like the present and cried when she read thecard. What a disaster !

disposable (adj) /d s p z bl / wegwerfbar You can’t recycle cheap clothes – they are disposable .

the environment (n sing.) / ði n va r nm nt/ die Umwelt The environment is the natural world we live in,including land, water and air.



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environmental group (n) / n va r n mentl gru p/ Umweltschutzgruppe Environmental groups want to protect theenvironment.

eventually (adv) (TS) / ven u li / schließlich Eventually Eddie found a really good present – a footspa.

exchange (v) / ks e n / umtauschen Can I exchange the top if it doesn’t t?

the fashion pages (n pl) /ðə fæ n pe z / die Modeseiten Are you interested in the fashion pages of magazines?

t (v) /f t/ passen If clothes t you, they are the right size for you.foot spa (n) (TS) / f t sp / Fußbad A foot spa is a piece of equipment which you ll with

water and put your feet into to relax.

funny (adj) (TS) / f ni / komisch; lustig I bought a lovely card for her and wrote a funny messageinside.

gadget (n) / gæ t / Gerät A lot of men like electronic gadgets .

get dressed/undressed / get drest/ n drest/ sich anziehen/ I always get dressed before breakfast.ausziehen

give somebody a lift / g v s mb di ə l ft/ jmd im Auto mitnehmen Will you give me a lift to the station?

go mad for sth / gə mæd fə s mθ ŋ/ sich für etwas begeistern Women went mad for the jacket, which cost £12.

go on the internet (TS) / gə n ði nt net / ins Internet gehen Eddie went on the internet to nd his sister a present.

increase (v) / n kri s/ steigen Pro ts are increasing at Primark and new stores areopening.

intuitive (adj) / n tju t v/ intuitiv Someone who is intuitive knows the right thing to say ordo.

item of clothing (n) / a t m əv klə ð ŋ/ Kleidungsstück On average, people buy 50 items of clothing a year.

jewellery (n) / u lri / Schmuck Rings, necklaces and bracelets are all types of jewellery .

keep (v) /ki p/ behalten Do you agree that a real present is something you cankeep ?

last (v) /l st / halten Flowers are lovely but they don’t last for more than aweek.

manage to do sth / mæn tə du s mθ ŋ / jmd gelingen, etwas Jim never manages to nd time to go shopping.zu tun

medium (adj) / mi diəm/ medium; mittelgroß A medium size is neither big nor small.

I don’t mind doing sth /a də nt ma nd du ŋ Es macht mir I don’t mind spending a long time looking for clothes.s mθ ŋ / nichts aus …

necessity (n) /nə sesəti/ Notwendigkeit For Conor shopping is a necessity , not a pleasure.



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overjoyed (adj) / ə və d / sehr erfreut My husband was overjoyed when I bought him a Swissarmy knife.

planet (n) / plæn t/ Planet Things that you can’t recycle are bad for the planet .

present (n) / prezənt/ Geschenk Men and women like different sorts of present .

price tag (n) / pra s tæg/ Preisetikett Do you always look at the price tag before you buyclothes?

pro ts (n pl) / pr f ts / Gewinne Prots are increasing at Primark and new stores areopening.

put on (phr v) / p t n / anziehen “Get dressed” means the same as “ putting clothes on ”.

real (adj) / r l / wirklich; echt Do you agree that a real present is something you cankeep?

receipt (n) /r si t/ Quittung If you want to exchange something, you must keep thereceipt .

recycle (v) /ri sa kl/ recyceln Things that you can recycle are good for the planet.

refuse (v) /r fju z/ sich weigern Why does Jim refuse to go into shoe shops with hisgirlfriend?

rename (v) /ri ne m/ umbenennen In 2005 Primark was renamed “the new Prada”.right (adj) /ra t/ richtig If clothes t you, they are the right size for you.

second-hand (adv) / sekənd hænd/ gebraucht You can’t sell cheap clothes second-hand .

silly (adj) / s li/ albern Men don’t usually like brightly coloured ties or silly socks.

size (n) /sa z/ Größe What size is she – small, medium or large?

spokesperson (n) / spə ks p sn/ Sprecher(in) A spokesperson is someone who expresses the opinionof a large organisation.

(I) can’t stand doing sth /(a ) k nt stænd du ŋ Ich kann es nicht leiden…. A lot of men can’t stand shopping for clothes.s mθ ŋ /

suit (v) /su t/ stehen Red doesn’t really suit me.

surprise (n) sə pra z Überraschung I always tell my family I want a surprise for my birthday,but I never get it.

Swiss army knife (n) / sw s mi na f / Schweizer Of ziersmesser A Swiss army knife is a knife with a red handle thatdoes a lot of different things.

take off (phr v) / te k f / ausziehen “ Taking off ” your clothes means the same as “gettingundressed”.



21

try on (phr v) / tra n / anprobieren When you try clothes on , you put them on to see if theyt before you buy them.

as usual / əz ju l / wie gewöhnlich As usual she didn’t really get what she wanted for herbirthday.

ADVERBS OF FREQUENCY ADVERBIEN DER HÄUFIGKEIT always (adv) / lwe z/ immer My family always ask me what I want and I always tellthem the same thing.

hardly ever (adv) / h dli evə/ fast nie Flowers hardly ever last for more than a week.

never (adv) / nevə/ nie Jim never manages to nd time to go shopping.

normally (adv) / n m(ə)li/ normalerweise My girlfriend normally goes shopping without me.

occasionally (adv) /ə ke n(ə)li/ gelegentlich “How often does Conor go into a clothes shop?” “Onlyvery occasionally .”

often (adv) / fn / häu g Conor often goes into book shops.

rarely (adv) / reəli/ selten Jim rarely goes shopping with his girlfriend.

sometimes (adv) / s m ta mz/ manchmal I sometimes do my food shopping online.

usually (adv) / ju li / normalerweise She usually goes shopping without me.

COLLOCATIONS: A BOX OF … KOLLOKATIONENA BUNCH OF …

a bottle of wine/ /ə b tl əv wa n/ eine Flasche Wein/ Can I order a bottle of red wine ?perfume/whisky p fju m/ w ski/ Parfum/Whisky

a box of chocolates/ /ə b ks əv kl ts / eine Schachtel Pralinen/ They gave me a box of chocolates for my birthday.matches/tissues mæ z / t u z/ Streichhölzer/ Taschentücher

a bunch of owers/ /ə b n əv a z / ein Blumenstrauß/ I got lots of bunches of grapes when I was in hospital.grapes/keys gre ps/ ki z/ Weintraube/ Schlüsselbund

a can of beans/ /ə kæn əv bi nz/ eine Dose Bohnen/ Pour the can of tomatoes into a saucepan.petrol/tomatoes petrəl/tə m tə z / Tomaten; ein Kanister

mit Benzin

a jar of jam/instant /ə r əv æm / eine Dose Marmelade/ He opened a jar of instant coffee .coffee/mayonnaise nst nt k /me ne z/ Kaffeepulver/Mayonnaise

a packet of cigarettes/ /ə pæk t əv s g rets/ eine Packung How much is a packet of cigarettes ?crisps/biscuits kr sps/ b sk ts/ Zigaretten/Chips/Kekse



22

a pair of socks/scissors/ /ə peər əv s ks/ s z z / ein Paar Socken; eine She bought her husband a pair of brightly coloured socks . jeans i nz / Schere: eine Jeanshose

piece of cake/ /ə pi s əv ke k / ein Stück Kuchen/ A cup of coffee and a piece of cake , please.furniture/wood f n / w d / Holz; ein Möbelstück

CLOTHES AND ACCESSORIES KLEIDUNG UND ACCESSOIREbracelet (n) / bre sl t/ Armreif A bracelet is a piece of jewellery you wear around yourarm.

dress (n) /dres/ Kleid A lot of women prefer wearing jeans to dresses andskirts.

earrings (n pl) / r ŋz / Ohrringe Earrings are pieces of jewellery you wear in your ears.

gloves (n) /gl vz / Handschuhe You wear gloves on your hands in winter to keep themwarm.

hat (n) /hæt / Hut He was wearing a woollen hat on his head.

jacket (n) / æ k t/ Jacke; Jackett My favourite piece of clothing is my blue denim jacket .

jeans (n pl) / i nz / Jeans The denim jeans in Photo A cost £120.

jumper (n) / mp / Pullover A jumper is a piece of clothing made of wool that coversyour arms and body.

necklace (n) / nekləs/ Halsband A necklace is a piece of jewellery that you wear aroundyour neck.

pyjamas (n pl) / pə məz / Pyjama Pyjamas are a jacket and trousers that you wear in bed.

raincoat (n) / re n k t / Regenmantel In Photo A Jade is wearing a cream cotton raincoat .

scarf (n) /sk rf / Schal You wear a scarf round your neck in winter to keepwarm.

shirt (n) / rt / Hemd Conor only goes into clothes shops if he needs a newshirt .

shoes (n pl) / u z/ Schuhe Do you prefer wearing shoes or trainers?shorts (n pl) / ts / kurze Hose; Shorts In Photos B and D Jade is wearing plain red shorts .

skirt (n) /sk t/ Rock A lot of women prefer wearing jeans to dresses andskirts .

suit (n) /su t/ Anzug I wear formal clothes such as suits to work.

tie (n) /ta / Krawatte Men don’t usually like brightly coloured ties .

tights (n pl) /ta ts/ Strumpfhose Tights are a piece of clothing worn by women that coverthe feet and legs.



23

top (n) /t p / Top In Photo D Jade is wearing a blue-and-white striped top .

trainers (n pl) / tre n z/ Turnschuhe Do you prefer wearing shoes or trainers ?

vest (n) /vest/ Unterhemd A vest is a type of T-shirt without sleeves.

waistcoat (n) / we st k t / Weste A waistcoat is an item of clothing without sleeves thatyou wear over a shirt.

DESIGNS MUSTERchecked (adj) / ekt / kariert A checked shirt is a shirt with a design of small or large

squares.

oral (adj) / r l / Blumen- A oral design is a design with owers on it.

pinstriped (adj) / p n stra pt/ Nadelstreifen- People such as bankers or businessmen often wearpinstriped suits.

plain (adj) / ple n/ einfach; schlicht A plain shirt or top has no design on it.

striped (adj) /stra pt/ gestreift In Photo D she’s wearing a blue-and-white striped top.

MATERIALS STOFFEcotton (adj) / k tn / aus Baumwolle Do you prefer cotton or nylon shirts?

denim (adj) / den m/ aus Jeansstoff Most people have a pair of denim jeans.

leather (adj) / leðə/ Leder- He was wearing an expensive pair of leather shoes.

nylon (adj) / na l n / Nylon- I want a pair of black nylon tights.

silk (adj) /s lk / seiden He likes wearing expensive silk ties.

woollen (adj) / w l n / wollen Woollen hats are fashionable for young peoplenowadays.

Unit 5 (p.40)application form (n) /æpl ke n f m/ Anmelde-; Fill in the application form and post it to us.

Antragsformular

awake (adj) /ə we k / wach “ Awake ” is the opposite of “asleep”.

be in danger / bi n de n / in Gefahr sein Your health is in danger ! You must do more exercise.



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bene t (n) (TS) / ben f t/ Vorteil; Nutzen One of the benets of laughter is that it reduces theeffects of stress.

boost (v) (TS) / bu st/ verstärken Laughter boosts the immune system.

busy (adj) / b zi/ viel los sein Heathrow Airport is busier than Los Angeles Airport.

call off (phr v) / k l f / absagen Nobody can come to my party – I’d better call it off .

cash (n) /kæ / Bargeld Cash is money in the form of notes and coins.

celebrity (n) (TS) /sə lebrəti/ berühmte Beckham, Alonso and Federer are all sportsPersönlichkeit celebrities .

cheap (adj) / i p / billig “Cheap ” is the opposite of “expensive”.

clear up (phr v) /kl / aufräumen If you clear something up , you make it clean or tidy.

climb (v) /kla m/ steigen Do you climb more than 100 stairs a day?

complex (adj) / k mpleks/ komplex; vielschichtig Do you think that women are more complex than men?

convenient (adj) /kən vi niənt/ bequem A lot of people nd shopping online more convenient .

cycle (v) / sa kl/ Rad fahren Do you walk or cycle to school?

dangerously (adv) / de n r sli / gefährlich If you scored 20 or less, you are dangerously un t.

deal with sth (phr v) / di l w ð s mθ ŋ/ sich kümmern um etwas I must deal with this problem immediately.do the ironing / du ði a n ŋ/ bügeln When you do the ironing , you make clean clothes

smooth using an iron.

earnings (n pl) / n ŋz/ Verdienst Someone’s earnings are the amount of money they getby doing a job.

enjoyable (adj) / n bl / angenehm Life is more enjoyable when you’re t.

ll in (phr v) / f l n/ ausfüllen Fill in the application form and post it to us.

t (adj) /f t/ t; in Form If you are t , you are healthy and active.

freezing (adj) (TS) / fri z ŋ/ eiskalt The swimming pool wasn’t heated and the water wasfreezing .

get ready / get redi/ sich fertig machen How long does it take you to get ready to go out for theevening?

get to sleep / get tə sli p/ einschlafen How long does it take you to get to sleep at night?

give away (phr v) / g v ə we/ verschenken If you give something away , you give it to someone elsewithout asking for money.

give up (phr v) / g v p / aufgeben It’s a good idea to give up smoking.

gorgeous (adj) (TS) / g s / bildschön Someone who is gorgeous is very good-looking andhealthy.



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hang up (phr v) / hæŋ p/ aufhängen Hang up your clothes when you take them off.

have a laugh / hæv ə l f / lachen Having a laugh is good for people.

health (n) /he lθ/ Gesundheit If you scored 20 or less, your health is in danger.

healthy (adj) / helθi/ gesund Healthy people nd life more enjoyable.

heated (adj) (TS) / hi t d/ beheizt The swimming pool wasn’t heated and the water wasfreezing.

high (adj) /ha / hoch Mount Kilimanjaro is higher than Mount Fuji.

hold on (phr v) / hə ld n / festhalten Hold on to the board. Don’t let go!

housework (n) / ha s w k / Hausarbeit Do you do at least one hour of housework a day?

immune system (n) (TS) / m ju n s st m/ Immunsystem Laughter boosts the immune system .

inside (adv) (TS) / n sa d/ drinnen If it was raining, we stayed inside and did Scottishdancing.

kick (v) /k k / treten In football you must kick the ball, not touch it with yourhand.

laughter (n) / l ft / Gelächter 15 to 20 minutes of laughter a day is good for you.

let go / let gə / loslassen Hold on to the board. Don’t let go !lie (v) /la / liegen Do you prefer to lie on the beach or go sightseeing?

look my best / l k mə best/ besonders gut aussehen When I want to look my best , I wear a suit.

lung (n) (TS) /l ŋ / Lunge A loud laugh exercises the lungs .

(a) mess (n sing.) /mes/ Durcheinander Clear up this mess , please!

novel (n) / n vl / Roman A novel is a story about people or situations that are notreal.

pick up (phr v) / p k p / aufheben Pick up the racket and try again.

possession (n) / pə ze n/ Besitz My most valuable possession is my MP3 player.

practise (v) / prækt s/ üben I’m not very good at tennis because I don’t have time topractise .

release (v) /r li s/ freilassen When you laugh, you release happy chemicals calledendorphins.

reliable (adj) /r la bl / zuverlässig Are German cars more reliable than British cars?

as a result / əz ə r z lt/ infolgedessen You are healthier than most people and nd life moreenjoyable as a result .

rude (adj) (TS) /ru d/ unhö ich “You’re horrible!” “Don’t be rude , Rebecca!”



26

safe (adj) /se f / sicher Is ying safer than driving a car?

(tennis) serve (n) /s v/ Aufschlag Andy Roddick has the fastest tennis serve .

(go) sightseeing / sa t si ŋ/ auf Besichtigungstour Do you prefer to lie on the beach or go sightseeing ?gehen

sit down (phr v) / s t da n/ sich setzen Don’t eat breakfast on your feet. Sit down and enjoy it!

smell (v) /smel/ riechen If you smell something, you recognise its smell with yournose.

sophisticated (adj) /sə f st ke t d/ kultiviert A lot of people think French food is very sophisticated .

study (n) (TS) / st di / Studie A recent study shows that adults don’t laugh enough.

sweaty (adj) / sweti/ verschwitzt If you are sweaty , the surface of your skin is wet becauseyou are very hot.

switch off (phr v) / sw f / ausschalten Switching off the lights and sitting in silence is a goodway to relax.

switch on (phr v) / sw n / einschalten Only switch on the TV if you really want to watchsomething.

talented (adj) / tælənt d/ talentiert Cristiano Ronaldo is young, good-looking and a very

talented player.thin (adj) /θ n/ dünn “ Thin” is the opposite of “fat”.

throw (v) /θrə / werfen Pick up your racket and throw the ball in the air.

throw away (phr v) / θrə ə we / wegwerfen Throw away any clothes you haven’t worn for the pasttwo years.

touch (v) /t / berühren In football, you mustn’t touch the ball with your hand.

trust (v) /tr st / vertrauen Only 8.2% of the population trust the government.

turn up (phr v) / t n p / hochdrehen If you turn up the volume, you make music or soundlouder.

un t (adj) / n f t / nicht t; nicht in Form Someone who is unt is not healthy or active.

valuable (adj) / vælj bl/ wertvoll My most valuable possession is my MP3 player.

walk (v) /w k / zu Fuß gehen Do you walk or cycle to school?

wet (adj) /wet/ nass Rome is wetter than London.

HOW? …QUESTIONS FRAGEN MIT HOW …?How far…? / ha f / Wie weit ....? How far is it from your house to school?

How fast…? / ha f st / Wie schnell ...? How fast does your car go?



27

How long…? / ha l ŋ / Wie lang ...? How long does it take you to do your homework?

How many…? / ha meni/ Wie viele...? How many brothers and sisters do you have?

How much…? / ha m / Wie viel ...? How much exercise do you do every week?

How often…? / ha fn / Wie oft ...? How often do you travel by train?

How old…? / ha ə ld / Wie alt ...? How old is Thierry Henry?

How well…? / ha wel/ Wie gut ...? How well do you know your neighbours?

SPORTS SPORTARTENaerobic exercise (n) /eə rə b k / Aerobicübung Cycling and rowing are forms of aerobic exercise.

athletics (n) /æθ let ks/ Leichtathletik I never enjoyed doing athletics at school.

basketball (n) / b sk t b l / Basketball Professional basketball players are often very tall.

cycling (n) / sa kl ŋ/ Radfahren Cycling is a popular sport in France.

shing (n) / f ŋ / Angeln Fishing is the sport of catching sh.

football (n) / f tb l / Fußball Football is a very popular sport.

golf (n) /g lf / Golf Golf is quite an expensive sport.hiking (n) / ha k ŋ/ Wandern At weekends I enjoy going hiking in the hills.

hockey (n) / h ki / (Feld)hockey In winter Tina did hockey at school.

horse-riding (n) (TS) / h s ra d ŋ/ Reiten Rebecca hates tennis but likes horse-riding .

jogging (n) / g ŋ / Joggen Do you sometimes go jogging ?

judo (n) / u d / Judo People usually wear a white jacket and trousers to do judo .

rowing (n) / rə ŋ / Rudern Cycling and rowing are forms of aerobic exercise.

rugby (n) / r gbi / Rugby Rugby is more popular with men than women.

skiing (n) / ski ŋ/ Skifahren We often go skiing in the mountains.

snowboarding (n) / snə b d ŋ / Snowboarding I’d like to go snowboarding . I love the mountains.

soccer (n) / s k / Fußball In the USA, people call football “ soccer ”.

swimming (n) / sw m ŋ/ Schwimmen She goes swimming three times a week.

tennis (n) / ten s/ Tennis You need a racket and balls to play tennis .

volleyball (n) / v li b l / Volleyball Do you enjoy playing volleyball on the beach?

windsur ng (n) / w nd s f ŋ/ Windsurfen I’ve never been windsurng . I can’t swim.



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SPORTS – EQUIPMENT SPORTGERÄTEfootball (n) / f tb l / Fußball The ball you kick when you play football is also called a

football .

football boots (n) / f tb l bu ts/ Fußballschuhe Ronaldo wears expensive football boots .

football shirt (n) / f tb l t / Fußballtrikot Jimmy’s wearing the number 7 on his football shirt .

goggles (n) / g glz / Schutzbrille Goggles protect your eyes when you are swimming.

golf ball (n) / g lf b l / Golfball A golf ball is small, round and white.

golf club (n) / g lf kl b / Golfschläger Golf clubs are the things that you hit a golf ball with.

helmet (n) / helm t/ Schutzhelm A helmet protects your head when you are skiing.

net (n) /net/ Netz In tennis you must hit the ball over the net .

running shoes (n) / r n ŋ u z / Laufschuhe You should wear special running shoes to do athletics.

running vest (n) / r n ŋ vest/ Laufhemd A running vest is a type of T-shirt without sleeves thatyou wear when you do athletics.

ski boots (n pl) / ski bu ts/ Skistiefel How much does a pair of ski boots cost?

ski poles (n pl) / ski pə lz/ Skistöcke Ski poles are the sticks you hold when you are skiing.

skis (n pl) /ski z/ Skier Skis are the things you wear on your feet to go skiing.swimming costume (n) / sw m ŋ k stju m/ Badeanzug A swimming costume is a piece of clothing worn for

swimming, especially by women.

swimming trunks (n pl) / sw m ŋ tr ŋks/ Badehose Men wear swimming trunks when they go swimming.

tennis ball (n) / ten s b l/ Tennisball Tennis balls are round and usually yellow.

tennis racket (n) / ten s ræk t/ Tennisschläger In tennis, you hit the ball using a tennis racket .

SPORTS – PEOPLE SPORTLERathlete (n) / æθli t/ Leichtathlet(in) You have to be very t to be a professional athlete .

boxer (n) / b ks / Boxer A boxer is someone who wears thick gloves to ght in aring.

footballer (n) / f tb l / Fußballer(in) Beckham, Henry and Ronaldo are all professionalfootballers .

golfer (n) / g lf / Golfer(in) Someone who plays the sport of golf is a golfer .

skier (n) / ski ə/ Skifahrer(in) You have to be very t to be a professional skier .

swimmer (n) / sw m / Schwimmer(in) All swimmers should wear goggles in the swimming pool.

tennis player (n) / ten s ple / Tennisspieler(in) Roger Federer is the world’s best tennis player .



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SPORTS – PLACESathletics track (n) /æθ let ks træk / Stadion; Bahn für Athletes run around an athletic track , which is circular

Leichtathletik in shape.

football pitch (n) / f tb l p / Fußballplatz A football pitch is the large rectangular area wherepeople play football.

golf course (n) / g lf k s / Golfplatz Walking round a golf course is good exercise.

ski resort (n) / ski r z t/ Skiort Are there any famous ski resorts in your country?sports eld (n) (TS) / sp ts ld / Sportplatz At Tina’s school there was a sports eld , tennis courts

and a swimming pool.

swimming pool (n) / sw m ŋ pu l/ Schwimmbad All swimmers should wear goggles in the swimming pool .

tennis court (n) / ten s k t/ Tennisplatz A tennis court is the large rectangular area wherepeople play tennis.

Unit 6 (p.48)

audio equipment (n) / di kw pm nt / Audio-Anlagen; -geräte Bensons is a company that produces audio equipmentbaggy (adj) / bægi/ weit geschnitten Baggy clothes do not t your body tightly.

bakery (n) / be k ri/ Bäckerei Charlotte dreams of living in a bakery and eating cakesall day.

best (superl. adj) / best/ beste, -r, -s The best thing about being self-employed is that you cango on holiday when you want.

bite (n) / ba t/ Biss(wunde) The dog gave Sally a nasty bite .

bite (v) / ba t/ beißen The worst thing that happened to Sally was the dog thatbit her.

both (pronoun) / bə θ / beides Does Charlotte want to be a model or a snowboarder?She wants to do both .

break your leg / bre k jə leg/ sich das Bein brechen If she breaks her leg snowboarding, she can’t domodelling.

conveyor belt (n) /kən ve ə belt/ Fließband Rob stood at the end of a conveyor belt , putting eggsinto boxes.

crash helmet (n) / kræ helm t/ Schutzhelm A crash helmet protects your head when you are doing adangerous activity.



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department store (n) /d p tm nt st / Kaufhaus A department store is a large store that sells manydifferent types of things.

designer clothes (n pl) /d za n klə ðz/ Designer-Kleidung When she’s modelling, Charlotte wears beautifuldesigner clothes .

disgusting (adj) /d s g st ŋ / ekelhaft The smell in the egg factory was disgusting !

egg-packing factory (n) / egpæk ŋ fæktri/ Eierverpackungsfabrik Working conditions in the egg-packing factory were

terrible.fall (v) /f l / stürzen; (hin)fallen Snowboarding is sometimes dangerous and I often fall .

fattening (adj) / fætn ŋ/ dick machend Cakes and chocolate are fattening food.

ight (n) / a t / Flug A ight attendant doesn’t have to pay for ights .

fruit-picking (n) / fru t p k ŋ/ Obsternte Have you ever done fruit-picking in the summer?

hand out (phr v) / hænd a t/ verteilen; aushändigen One of Rob’s jobs was handing out publicity yers onthe street.

jump (n) / mp / Sprung For the jumps and turns in snowboarding, you have to bestrong.

model (v) / m dl / vorführen She can’t model the best skirts in Paris if she breaks her

leg!modelling (n) / m dl ŋ / als Model arbeiten Would you like a career in modelling ?

muscles (n pl) / m s lz / Muskeln You need to be strong and have muscles to be asnowboarder.

nasty (adj) / n sti/ böse; schlimm The dog gave Sally a nasty bite.

nightmare (adj) / na t me / Alptraum For Rob, working in the egg factory was a nightmare job!

publicity yer (n) / p bl s ti a / Werbebroschüre; A publicity yer is a piece of paper with anadvertisement -zettel; - yer on it.

review (n) /r vju / Kritik; Rezension Actors hate reading bad reviews about themselves in thenewspapers.

season (n) / si zn/ Saison Half the year she’s a snowboarder, then she goes to Parisfor a season to be a model.

slim (adj) /sl m/ schlank Someone who is slim is thin in an attractive way.

smell (n) /smel/ Geruch The smell in the egg factory was disgusting!

strong (adj) /str ŋ / stark You need to be strong and have muscles to be asnowboarder.

study (v) / st di / studieren Mia is a model but she wants to start studying againwhen she’s 30.



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farmer (n) / fa mə/ Bauer; Landwirt When Frank was ve he wanted to be a farmer or a vetbecause he loves animals.

ight attendant (n) / a t ə tendənt/ Flugbegleiter(in) A ight attendant looks after passengers on a plane.

managing director (n) / mæn ŋ də rektə/ leitender Direktor; Managing directors run large companies.Geschäftsführer

model (n) / m dl / Model When she was 16 Mia had the chance to earn a lot of

money as a model .nurse (n) /n s/ Krankenschwester; Some nurses don’t get a decent salary.

Krankenp eger(in)

personal trainer (n) / p sn l tre n / persönliche(r) A personal trainer writes exercise programmes forTrainer(in) people.

photographer (n) (TS) /fə t grəfə/ Fotograf(in) Elsie’s a photographer who takes photographs of rockstars and bands.

pilot (n) / pa l t / Pilot(in) A pilot is the person who ies a plane.

police of cer (n) / pə li s f s / Polizist(in) Do you agree that police ofcers are badly paid?

receptionist (n) /r sep n st/ Rezeption; I spoke to the receptionist and made an appointmentEmpfangsdame to have my hair cut.

sales assistant (n) / se lz ə s stənt/ Verkäufer(in) Edna is applying for a position as sales assistant in adepartment store.

snowboarder (n) / snə b də/ Snowboarder(in) Charlotte has two jobs – she’s a model and a snowboarder .

soldier (n) / sə l ə / Soldat(in) Lots of boys want to be soldiers when they’re young.

surgeon (n) / s n / Chirurg(in) A surgeon is a doctor who does operations.

teacher (n) / ti / Lehrer(in) Frank is a teacher and he loves it!

telesales person (n) / telise lz p sn/ Verkäufer(in) am Telefon A telesales person sells things on the phone.

tour(ist) guide (n) / t r (st) ga d/ Reiseleiter(in) Tourist guides take tourists around cities or otherfamous places.

vet (n) /vet / Tierarzt; Tierärztin A vet looks after animals who are ill.waiter (n) / we t / Kellner(in) Sally managed to get a job as a waiter in an Italian

restaurant.

TIME EXPRESSIONS ZEITAUSDRÜCKEa few moments ago /ə fju mə mənts vor ein paar Sekunden I was speaking to Rob on the phone a few moments

ə gə / ago .



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in 1998/2005 / n na nti n na nti e t/ (im Jahre) 1998/2005 He went to university in 2004 .tu θa z nd ən fa v/

last week/summer etc / l st wi k / s m / letzte Woche/letzten Last summer I did fruit-picking in Greece.Sommer

over the years / ə və ðə j z/ über die Jahre I’ve done lots of part-time jobs over the years .

recently (adv) / ri sntli/ in letzter Zeit What have you been doing recently ?

this week/month etc / ð s wi k / m nθ / diese Woche/diesen I’m ill – I haven’t been to work this week .Monat

today (adv) /tə de/ heute We went on a trip to EuroDisney today .

When I was a (student) / wen a wəz ə( stju dənt) / Als ich Student war When I was a student , I wanted to be a snowboarder.

years ago / j z ə gə / vor Jahren Years ago Mark wanted to be a soldier.

yesterday (adv) / jestəde/ gestern What did you do yesterday ?

WORK ARBEIT accounts department (n) /ə ka nts d p tm nt / Buchhaltung The accounts department is the place where a company

keeps records of the money it receives and spends.

advertisement (n) /əd v t smənt/ Anzeige I saw your advertisement for a sales assistant and wouldlike to apply.

advertising (n) / ædvəta z ŋ/ Werbung Advertising is the business of making advertisements.

apply for (a job) (phr v) ə pla f sich um eine Stelle Edna is applying for a position as sales assistant in abewerben department store.

ask for permission / sk fə pə m n/ um Erlaubnis bitten When we wanted to go to the toilet we had to ask forpermission .

available (adj) /ə ve ləbl/ zur Verfügung (stehen) I would be available for an interview at any time, evenat short notice.

badly-paid (adj) / bædli pe d/ schlecht bezahlt A lot of people think teachers and nurses are badly paid .

be based at/in / bi be st ət/ n/ seinen Arbeitsplatz Jack works as a bodyguard and he’s based in London.haben in

have a break / hæv ə bre k / eine Pause machen You look tired – you should have a break .

challenge (n) / æl n / Herausforderung I’m bored at home and feel I’m ready for a new challenge .

charge (£35 per hour) (v) (TS) / / berechnen (£35 die Stunde) Kate earns a reasonably good salary – she charges £35per hour .

client (n) (TS) / kla nt/ Klient(in) Your clients are the people who you do work for.



34

company (n) / k mp (ə)ni/ Firma Mark has his own company – he’s a company director.

have a day off / hæv ə de f / einen Tag freinehmen I never had a day off when I was an au pair!

department (n) /d p tm nt / Abteilung Elsie runs the photography department .

details (n pl) / di te lz/ Details Please see my Curriculum Vitae for more details .

earn (v) / n/ verdienen In which job can you earn the most money?

employ (v) (TS) / m pl / beschäftigen We employ a staff of 105.employee (n) / m pl i ; empl i / Mitarbeiter(in) Arthur is our oldest employee at 87.

enclosed (adj) / n kl zd / als Anlage Please see my Curriculum Vitae, enclosed , for moredetails.

experienced (adj) / k sp ri nst / erfahren Edna is an experienced shop assistant who has worked indifferent departments.

foreign travel (n) / f r n trævl/ Auslandsreisen My job as a bodyguard involves a lot of foreign travel .

go to the toilet / gə tə ðə t l t / auf die Toilette gehen When we wanted to go to the toilet we had to ask forpermission.

head of ce (n) / hed f s/ Zentrale Head ofce is the main of ce of a company where mostof the staff work.

import and export (n) / mp t ən eksp t/ Import-Export Someone who works in import and export deals withother countries buying and selling goods.

involve (v) / n v lv / mit einschließen My job as a bodyguard involves a lot of foreign travel.

look for a job in … / l k fər ə b / eine Stelle suchen in Matt is unemployed but looking for a job in publishing.

look forward to (phr v) / l k f w d tu / hoffen, bald … “I look forward to hearing from you” is a good way ofending a letter when you apply for a job.

make a living / me k ə l v ŋ/ seinen Lebensunterhalt It can be hard to make a living as an actor.verdienen

marketing (n) / m k t ŋ / Marketing People who work in marketing decide how to sell theirproducts by deciding on price, type of customer etc.

outdoors (adv) / a t d z / im Freien Farmers work outdoors a lot of the time.paid holiday (n) / pe d h l de / bezahlter Urlaub Mr Reynold’s employees get four weeks’ paid holiday a

year.

part-time (adj) / p t ta m/ Teilzeit- I need to work 5 days a week – I don’t want a part-time job.

position (n) / pə z n/ Stelle Edna is applying for a position as sales assistant.



35

publishing (n) / p bl ŋ / Verlagswesen Publishing is the business of selling books and magazines.

quality control (n) / kw l ti kən trə l / Qualitätskontrolle Someone who works in quality control must make surethat things are of a good enough quality to sell.

resign (v) /r za n/ kündigen She decided to resign when she got married.

be responsible for / bi r sp ns bl f / verantwortlich sein für Sarah is a receptionist and she’s responsible for appointments and accounts.

retire (v) /r ta / in den Ruhestand gehen We never force anybody to retire here.retirement age (n) /r ta m nt e / Pensionsalter Retirement age in the UK is 60 for women and 65 for

men.

run a business/department / r n ə b zn s / das Geschäft führen Mr Reynold’s son is going to run the business from nextd p tm nt / year.

salary (n) / sæləri/ Gehalt Our staff are happy because we pay them a decent salary .

sales and promotion (n) / se lz ən prə mə n/ Verkauf und Werbung Layla is responsible for sales and promotion at acompany called Bensons.

self-employed (adj) (TS) / self m pl d/ freiberu ich Someone who is self-employed works for themselves.

at short notice /ət t nə t s / kurzfristig If you do something at short notice , you do it without

having much time to prepare or think about it.stressful (adj) / stres / stressig Nurses work long hours and the job can be very stressful .

take over (phr v) (TS) / te k ə və/ übernehmen My son’s going to take over the business next year.

tourism (n) / t r z (ə) m/ Tourismus Tourism is the business of selling holidays to people.

training (n) / tre n ŋ/ Ausbildung Vets and doctors have to do a long training .

unemployed (adj) / n m pl d / arbeitslos Someone who is unemployed does not have a job.

useful (adj) / ju s / nützlich Nurses, teachers and police of cers all do very useful jobs.

vocation (n) (TS) /və ke n / Beruf I’ve wanted to be a surgeon since I was a child – it’s myvocation .

well-paid (adj) / wel pe d/ gut bezahlt Top football players are very well paid .

work from home / w k frəm hə m/ von zu Hause aus arbeiten Working from home can be lonely.

worker (n) (TS) / w k / Mitarbeiter(in) Half of the workers at Mr Reynold’s store are overretirement age.

working conditions (n pl) / w k ŋ kən d ənz/ Arbeitsbedingungen Good working conditions are important in any job.



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Review B (p.56)

advice (n) /əd va s/ Rat; Beratung If you’re not sure what to do, you can always ask foradvice .

ambitious (adj) /æ m b s / ehrgeizig Helena’s ambitious but I’m more relaxed.

but (conj) / b t / aber Helena’s ambitious but I’m more relaxed.close (adj) /klə s/ nah Helena and Kate have become much closer in the last

ve years.

be complete opposites (TS) / bi kəm pli t p z ts/ ganz gegensätzliche Tom and I are very different. In fact we’re complete Charaktere sein opposites .

drive (v) /dra v/ fahren She earns a lot of money and drives a beautiful car.

full-time (adj) / f l ta m/ Vollzeit- I can’t afford to work part time – I need a full-time job.

handsome (adj) / hænsəm/ gut aussehend A handsome man is very good-looking.

however (conj) /ha ev / jedoch In many ways we are similar. However there are somedifferences.

kindness (n) / ka ndn s/ Liebenswürdigkeit The best thing about Helena is her kindness – she alwaysbuys beautiful presents for everyone.

lend (v) /lend/ borgen; leihen Could you lend me your mobile?

listener (n) / l sn / Zuhörer(in) Kate’s a great listener . If I have a problem, I can alwaystalk to her.

look after (phr v) / l k ft / aufpassen auf; sorgen für Helena had to look after Kate because she was her oldersister.

on the other hand / n ði ð hænd / andererseits David talks too much about fashion. On the other hand he’s the kindest person I know.

pay rise (n) / pe ra z/ Gehaltserhöhung Nurses don’t earn a lot – they should get a pay rise .

researcher (n) /r s ; ri s / Forscher(in) Kate works for a TV company as a researcher .save money / se v m ni/ Geld sparen She’s trying to save money by not buying new clothes.

sensitive (adj) / sensət v/ sensibel Sensitive people often cry a lot.

smart (adj) /sm t / schick She isn’t interested in looking smart – she usually wears jeans and a T-shirt.

successful (adj) /sək ses / erfolgreich Helena is the director of a small but successful company.



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turn off (phr v) / t n f / ausschalten Turn off your mobiles before going into the exam room.

whereas (conj) /weər æz/ wohingegen David wants to work as an engineer whereas I want tobe an architect.

Unit 7 (p.60)

accommodation (n) (TS) /ə k mə de n/ Unterkunft Helen’s accommodation will be with the Odoi family.

arrest (v) /ə rest/ verhaften Police arrested ve people.

authentic (adj) (TS) / θent k / authentisch; echt “Don’t you want to stay in a hotel?” “No, I want to havean authentic experience.”

break away (from) (phr v) / bre k ə we/ sich trennen von A small group of people broke away from the peacefuldemonstrators.

be buzzing with activity / bi b z ŋ w ð æk t v ti / viel los sein Trafalgar Square was swarming with people and buzzingwith activity .

cause (v) (TS) /k z / verursachen Do you agree that multinational companies are causing global warming?

construct (v) /kən str kt/ konstruieren Volunteers help to construct houses, bridges and roads.

coordinator (n) (TS) /kə d ne tə/ Koordinator(in) The volunteers’ coordinator , Bob White, is meetingHelen when she arrives.

culture (n) (TS) / k l / Kultur You really experience the local culture with Eco Holidays.

deliver a letter /d l v r ə letə/ einen Brief abgeben A group of protesters delivered a letter to the PrimeMinister.

duty (n) / dju ti/ P icht Volunteers do a lot of different duties .

embassy (n) / embəsi/ Botschaft Protesters marched from the US embassy to TrafalgarSquare.

event (n) / vent/ Ereignis The Climate change march was a big event – 20,000people took part.

everybody (pron) / evri b di/ alle Leute; jeder In the survey, everybody had used plastic bags for theirshopping.

experience (v) (TS) / k sp ri ns / erleben You really experience the local culture with Eco Holidays.

family-run (adj) / fæmli r n/ Familien- I’m in favour of small family-run companies.



38

farmers’ market (n) (TS) / f m z m k t / Bauernmarkt I support local farmers and buy food from farmers’markets .

ght (against) (v) /fa t (əgenst)/ kämpfen gegen Nelson Mandela fought against apartheid for over ftyyears.

fortunate (adj) (TS) / f n t / Glück haben Helen wants to help people in developing countries whoare less fortunate .

gain (v) /ge n

/ gewinnen Volunteers learn new skills and gain self-con dence.

go through (phr v) (TS) / gə θru / durchgehen If you go through something again, you explain it again.

have fun (TS) / hæv f n/ Spaß haben It’s my rst demonstration and I’m having fun with myfriends.

imports (n pl) (TS) / mp ts/ Importe I’m against food imports and support local farmers.

information (n) (TS) / nf me n / Information Eco Holidays will send you information about theirholidays.

a large/small number of … /ə l / sm l n mb r eine große/kleine A large number of people have drunk bottled waterəv/ Anzahl von in the past two weeks.

a long way (TS) /ə l ŋ we / weit weg I’m worried, Helen. Ghana’s a long way from here.

make your way to / me k jə we tu/ sich begeben A group of protesters on bicycles made their way to 10 Downing Street.

most people / mə st pi pl/ die meisten Leute In the survey most people had bought a hamburger in aplastic container.

nobody (pron) / nə b di / niemand The survey found that nobody had paid more forenvironmentally-friendly products.

ocean (n) (TS) / ə n / Ozean Multinational companies pollute rivers and oceans .

only a few people / ə nli ə fju pi pl/ nur wenige Leute Only a few people have picked up litter.

organisation (n) / g na ze n / Organisation I work for an organisation called Eco Holidays.

organise (v) / g na z / organisieren The event was organised by the Campaign AgainstGlobal Warming.

orphanage (n) / f (ə)n / Waisenhaus An orphanage is a place for children without parents.

package holiday (TS) / pæk h l de / Pauschalreise We’re against big hotels and package holidays .

participate (v) / p t s pe t / teilnehmen 20,000 people participated in the march.

penguin (n) (TS) / peŋgw n/ Pinguin I’m in favour of protecting wild animals like polar bearsand penguins .

pick sb up (phr v) (TS) / p k s mb di p / abholen Who’s picking you up at the airport?



39

piper (n) / pa p / Dudelsackpfeifer Music was provided by bands and Scottish pipers .

poetry reading (n) / pə tri ri d ŋ/ Dichterlesung The day started with speeches and poetry readings .

polar bear (n) (TS) / pə lə beə/ Eisbär A polar bear is a large white bear that lives in coldregions.

provided by / prə va d d ba/ hier: gespielt von Music was provided by bands and Scottish pipers.

river (n) (TS) / r v / Fluss Multinational companies pollute rivers and oceans.

self-con dence (n) /self k nf d ns / Selbstvertrauen Volunteers learn new skills and gain self-condence .

set re to sth / set fa tə s mθ ŋ / anzünden Some protesters tried to set re to a supermarket.

several (pron) / sevrəl/ mehrere “ Several ” people or things is a number that is more thanone or two, but not many.

sick (adj) /s k / krank Sick animals are animals that are ill or injured.

skill (n) /sk l/ Fertigkeit Volunteers learn new skills and gain self-con dence.

smash (v) /smæ / kaputt machen If you smash something that is made of glass, you break it.

start off (phr v) / st t f / anfangen The day started off early outside the US embassy.

be swarming with people / bi sw m ŋ w ð pi pl/ wimmeln von Menschen Trafalgar Square was swarming with people and

buzzing with activity.take part in sth / te k p t n s mθ ŋ / teilnehmen an In London today, 20,000 people took part in protest

marches and demonstrations.

tick (v) /t k / ticken When a clock ticks , it makes a small noise.

volunteer (n) / v l n t / freiwillige(r) Helfer(in) Change your life and do something important. Become avolunteer .

write down (phr v) (TS) / ra t da n/ aufschreiben Write down their name and address for me.

CLIMATE CHANGE KLIMAWANDELcampaign (n) /kæm pe n/ Kampagne The event was organised by the Campaign Against

Global Warming.

carry banners / kæri bænəz/ Transparente tragen Protestors were carrying banners and shouting slogans.

demand urgent action /d m nd nt æk n / schnelles Handeln fordern They delivered a letter demanding urgent action onclimate change.

demonstrate (against) (TS) / demən stre t/ demonstrieren gegen The people from Eco Holidays are demonstratingagainst mass tourism.

demonstration (n) / demən stre n/ Demonstration In London today, 20,000 people took part in protestmarches and demonstrations .



40

demonstrator (n) / demən stre tə/ Demonstrant(in) A small group of people separated from the peacefuldemonstrators .

destroy (v) /d str / zerstören Matt thinks that the company is destroying the planet.

global warming (n) / glə bl w m ŋ/ Erderwärmung A lot of people think that air travel is responsible forglobal warming .

ice cap (n) (TS) / a s kæp/ Eiskappe If the ice caps melt, where will penguins and polar bearslive?

march (v) /m / marschieren Protesters marched slowly to Trafalgar Square.

melt (v) (TS) /melt/ schmelzen When ice caps melt , they disappear because theatmosphere is too warm.

peaceful (adj) / pi s / friedlich A small group of people separated from the peaceful demonstrators.

peacefully (adv) / pi sf (ə)li/ friedlich Most of the protesters marched peacefully .

protest (against) (v) / prə test/ protestieren gegen Thirty-six million people protested against the Iraq warin 2003.

protest march (n) / prə test m / Protestmarsch In London today, 20,000 people took part in protestmarches and demonstrations.

protestor (n) / prə testə/ Demonstrant(in) A group of protesters on bicycles delivered a letter tothe Prime Minister.

shout slogans / a t slə gənz / Parolen rufen Protestors were carrying banners and shouting slogans .

speech (n) /spi / Rede The day started with speeches and poetry readings.

talks (n pl) /t ks/ Gespräche World leaders met for climate change talks .

urgent action (n) / nt æk n / dringendes Handeln The letter demanded urgent action on climate change.

world leaders (n pl) / w ld li dəz/ die führenden Politiker World leaders are very important politicians in bigder Welt countries.

ENVIRONMENT UMWELT atmosphere (n) / ætməs f ə/ Atmosphäre Matt thinks that Regal Chemicals is polluting theatmosphere .

bottle bank (n) / b tl bæŋk / Sammelstelle für Flaschen A bottle bank is a place where people can take emptybottles for recycling.

cycle to school/work / sa kl tə sku l/ w k / mit dem Rad zur Cycling to work is better for the environment thanSchule/Arbeit fahren driving a car.



41

drink bottled water / dr ŋk b tld w t / Mineralwasser in If you drink bottled water , you should recycle the bottles.Flaschen trinken

environmentally-friendly (adj) / n va r nmentli frendli/ umweltfreundlich Would you pay more for environmentally-friendly products?

global warming (n) / glə bl w m ŋ/ Erderwärmung The slow increase in the temperature of the Earth is calledglobal warming .

green (adj) /gri n/ grün The aim of the survey was to nd out how green thepeople of Greensville are.

mass-produced (adj) / mæs prə dju st/ aus der Massenproduktion Mass-produced , cheap clothes cannot be recycled.

mass tourism (n) (TS) / mæs t r z (ə)m/ Massentourismus Mass tourism can be bad for the local culture.

multinational company (n) (TS) / m lti næ n(ə)l multinationales Do you agree that multinational companies arek mp (ə)ni/ Unternehmen causing global warming?

organic farming/vegetables (n) / gæn k f m ŋ / biodynamische Volunteers plant trees and do organic farming .ve t blz / Landwirtschaft;

Bio-Gemüse

pick up litter / p k p l t / Müll aufheben If you pick up litter , you pick up paper, bottles etc thatpeople have left on the ground in a public place.

plant trees / pl nt tri z/ Bäume p anzen Volunteers plant trees and do organic farming.plastic bag (n) / plæst k bæg/ Plastikbeutel Using plastic bags for your shopping is bad for the

environment.

plastic container (n) / plæst k kən te nə/ Kunststoffverpackung The plastic containers for hamburgers are also bad forthe environment.

pollute (v) (TS) / pə lu t/ verschmutzen Multinational companies pollute rivers and oceans.

public transport (n) / p bl k trænsp t/ öffentliche Verkehrsmittel Using public transport is better for the environment.

recycle bottles /ri sa kl b t(ə)lz/ Flaschen recyceln Do you recycle bottles ?

renewable energy (n) /r nju bl enə i / erneuerbare Energie Renewable energy can be replaced by natural processesand is never used up.

travel by air / trævl ba eə/ Luftverkehr Travelling by air is bad for the environment.wild animals (n) (TS) / wa ld æn ml/ Tiere in freier Wildbahn I’m in favour of protecting wild animals such as polar

bears and penguins.

OPINIONS MEINUNGENI’m against … / a m ə genst/ Ich bin gegen ... I’m against food imports and support local farmers.



42

I’m not anti-cars/tourism etc /a m n t ænti k z / Ich bin nicht gegen I’m not anti-cars – I have a car – but I think peoplet r z (ə)m/ Autos/Tourismus should use public transport more.

I believe in … /a b li v n/ Ich glaube an ... I’m not against tourism but I believe in responsibletourism.

I don’t really care about … /a də nt r li keər ... sind mir eigentlich I don’t really care about people – they can look afterə ba t/ egal.... themselves.

I’m in favour of … / a m n fe v r əv/ Ich halte …. für gut I’m in favour of small family-run companies.

I don’t feel strongly about … /a də nt l str ŋli Ich bin nicht sonderlich I don’t feel strongly about politics, but I’m worriedə ba t/ interessiert an ... about global warming.

I support … / a sə p t/ Ich unterstütze .... I support local farmers and buy food from farmers’markets.

I’m worried about … / a m w r d əba t / Ich mache mir I don’t feel strongly about politics, but I’m worried Sorgen um ...... about global warming.

ON THE PHONE AM TELEFONCould I speak to …? / k d a spi k tu / Könnte ich mit .... Could I speak to the Managing Director, please?

sprechen?

Who’s speaking? / hu z spi k ŋ/ Wer spricht denn da? “ Who’s speaking? ” “My name’s Matt Walker.”Hold on a moment, please. /hə ld n ə mə mənt Bleiben Sie einen Hold on a moment, please . I’ll try to put you through.

pli z/ Moment bitte dran.

I’ll try to put you through. /a l tra tə p t ju θru/ Ich versuche, Sie Hold on a moment, please. I’ll try to put you through .durchzustellen.

I’m afraid he’s/she’s out. /a m ə fre d hi z/ i z a t / Ich fürchte, er/sie Hello. I’m afraid Mr Carr is out at the moment.ist nicht da.

Would you like to leave /w d ju la k tə li v ə Möchten Sie eine “ Would you like to leave a message?” Yes, please.”a message? mes / Nachricht hinterlassen?

Unit 8 (p.68)

Absolutely. / æbsə lu tli/ Absolut “I think children need their mothers at home.”“Absolutely .”

afterwards (adv) / ft w dz / nachher My father left school early and regretted it afterwards .



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avoid (v) /ə v d/ vermeiden Avoid talking about subjects such as politics and religion.

become (v) / b k m / werden It’s very expensive to become a geisha.

blood-red (adj) / bl dred/ blutrot Geishas have white faces and blood-red lips.

boarding house (n) / b d ŋ ha s / Pension A trainee geisha has to leave her family and move into aspecial boarding house .

brilliant (adj) / br lj nt/ brillant If you’re unemployed, tell them about your plans for a

brilliant career.cheek (n) / i k / Wange; Backe You should give Mum a quick kiss on the cheek .

comment (n) / k ment/ Bemerkung; Kommentar If you make a comment about something, you criticise it.

complicated (adj) (TS) / k mpl ke t d/ kompliziert Life was less complicated in my day.

computer programmer (n) /kəm pju tə prə græmə/ Computer- More and more people are training to be computer programmierer(in) programmers .

controversial (adj) / k ntr v l / kontrovers Avoid controversial topics of conversation.

cook (v) /k k / kochen You should cook for your boyfriend.

couple (n) / k pl / Paar Do you think couples should live together before theyget married?

customer (n) / k st m / Kunde(in) A geisha has to serve and entertain customers .

date (n) /de t/ Verabredung You should arrive on time for dates with your girlfriend.

de nitely (adv) / def (ə)nətli/ bestimmt We’re denitely not in a hurry to get married.

describe (v) /d skra b/ beschreiben We asked Makiko to describe what a geisha does.

develop photographs /d vel p/ Fotos entwickeln Miss Lewis taught us to develop our own photographs .

disturb (v) /d st b/ stören We couldn’t disturb him because he was tired.

do well / du wel/ gut abschneiden Tony’s father wanted him to do well at school.

the elderly (n pl) / ði eldəli/ ältere Menschen “ The elderly ” is an expression meaning old people.

engineering (n) / en n r ŋ / Maschinenbau; Andy went to university and studied engineering .Ingenieurwesen

enjoy (v) / n / einem Spaß machen “Do you enjoy your life as a geisha?” “I love it.”

entertain (v) / entə te n/ unterhalten A geisha has to serve and entertain customers.

entertainment (n) / entə te nmənt/ Unterhaltung We didn’t have a TV so we had to make our ownentertainment .

equal (adj) / i kwəl/ gleich(berechtigt) You should pay when you go out. Women want to beequal , but not that equal !



44

fascinated (adj) / fæs ne t d/ fasziniert Both Japanese and foreigners are fascinated by geisha.

fasten (v) (TS) / f sn / anschnallen Fasten your seatbelt, grandad.

It’s ne to / ts fa n tu/ Es ist in Ordnung It’s ne to wear jeans and a T-shirt most of the time, butnot when you meet the parents.

rm (adj) /f m/ fest Greet Dad with a rm handshake.

ower arranging (n) / a ə re n ŋ / Blumenstecken Flower arranging is a traditional Japanese art.

foreigner (n) / f r n / Ausländer(in) Foreigners are people who come from other countriesfree (adj) /fri / kostenlos Scott thinks colleges and universities should be free for

everybody.

freedom (n) / fri dəm/ Freiheit When Scott was at school, he had a lot of freedom .

geisha (n) / ge / Geisha We asked Makiko to describe what a geisha does.

generation (n) / en re n / Generation A generation is a group of people who are born and liveat about the same time.

greet (v) /gri t/ begrüßen When you greet someone, you say hello to them or shaketheir hand.

grow up (phr v) / grə p / aufwachsen When I was growing up , my father was always at work.

handshake (n) / hænd e k / Händedruck Greet Dad with a rm handshake .

It’s a hard life … / ts ə h d la f / Das Leben ist hart … It’s a hard life for a trainee geisha – she has to leave herfamily and live in a boarding house.

be hard work / bi h d w k / harte Arbeit sein I love being a geisha but it ’s hard work .

have sth in common (with sb) /hæv s mθ ŋ n k m n / etwas gemein mit Find out if you have anything in common with the jmd haben parents before you meet them.

hide (v) /ha d/ verbergen I have a good relationship with my dad – I don’t have tohide anything from him.

high school (n) / ha sku l/ Gymnasium; Sekundarschule Sometimes I want to wear jeans and go to high school like a normal teenager.

honest (adj) / n st / ehrlich Don’t tell lies. You should be honest about what you do.a horse and cart (n) (TS) /ə h s ən k t/ Pferdewagen “I thought you drove a horse and cart in your day.”

“Hmm, very funny!”

hungry (adj) / h ŋgri/ hungrig Don’t give him a salad if he’s hungry .

be in a hurry / bi n ə h ri/ es eilig haben We’re de nitely not in a hurry to get married.

in my day (TS) / n ma de / zu meiner Zeit Life was less complicated in my day .



45

in the back (TS) / n ðə bæk / auf dem Rücksitz You have to fasten your seatbelt in the back .

instrument (n) / nstr m nt / Instrument Geishas have to learn to play instruments .

interior design (n) (TS) / n t ri d za n / Innenarchitektur “I’m a sort of interior design consultant.” “He works ina furniture shop.”

keep sb waiting / ki p s mb di we t ŋ/ jmd warten lassen Women hate it when you keep them waiting .

kimono (n) /k m n / Kimono A kimono costs three million yen, that’s about $30,000.

kiss (n) /k s/ Kuss Give Mum a kiss on the cheek.learn (v) /l n / lernen Geishas have to learn traditional Japanese arts.

lips (n pl) /l ps/ Lippen Geishas have white faces and blood-red lips .

luxury (n) / l k ri / Luxus (artikel) I have to work to pay for any luxuries I want.

make conversation / me k k nv se n / Konversation machen A geisha has to sing, dance and make conversation .

make an effort / me k ən efət/ sich anstrengen Make an effort to dress smartly when you meet theparents.

make a good impression / me k ə g d m pre n/ einen guten Eindruck It’s important to make a good rst impression .machen

marriage (n) / mær / Ehe Attitudes to marriage have changed over the years.medicine (n) / medsn/ Medizin You must study medicine for seven years before

becoming a doctor.

military service (n) / m l t(ə)ri s v s/ Militärdienst Scott’s grandfather was proud to do military service .

motorbike (n) (TS) / mə tə ba k / Motorrad I had a beautiful motorbike – a Triumph.

motorway (n) (TS) / mə tə we / Autobahn We couldn’t drive fast because there weren’t anymotorways .

mysterious (adj) /m st ri s / geheimnisvoll Geishas are beautiful and mysterious women.

obey (v) /ə be / gehorchen My father was very strict and we had to obey him.

of course / əv k s/ natürlich; “Can you have a family later?” “ Of course , I can get

selbstverständlich married when I choose.”Oh dear! (TS) / ə d / O je “You have to wear a seatbelt.” “ Oh dear . All these rules

and regulations.”

go to the opposite extreme / gə tə ði p z t ins andere Extrem gehen Don’t go to the opposite extreme and wear your “jobk stri m/ interview” clothes.

photo album (n) (TS) / fə tə ælbəm/ Fotoalbum I’ll get the photo albums and we can look at somephotos.



46

play a role / ple ə rə l/ eine Rolle spielen University students play an important role in the futureof the country.

politics (n) / p l t ks / Politik Don’t talk about politics or religion.

pregnant (adj) / pregnənt/ schwanger We got married when Louise found out she was pregnant .

Be prepared to … / bi pr pe d tu / auf etwas vorbereitet Be prepared to answer questions.sein; bereit sein

preserve (v) / pr z v/ erhalten Geishas play an important role in preserving Japaneseculture and history.

be proud of sb (TS) / bi pra d əv s mb di / stolz auf jmd sein Recently I won a photography competition – Miss Lewiswould be proud of me !

public place (n) / p bl k ple s z / öffentlicher Ort We had to meet girlfriends in public places .

regret (v) /r gret/ bedauern I left school early and regretted it.

relationship (n) /r le n p / Beziehung Scott and his father have a close relationship .

religion (n) /r l (ə)n/ Religion Avoid subjects such as politics and religion .

research (n) /r s ; ri s / Recherche Do some research and nd out information about theparents before you meet them.

rules and regulations (n pl) (TS) / r u lz ən regj le nz/ Regeln und Vorschriften “You have to wear a seatbelt.” “Oh dear. All these rulesand regulations .”

seatbelt (n) / si t belt/ Sicherheitsgurt Fasten your seatbelt , grandad.

serve (v) /s v/ bedienen A geisha has to serve and entertain customers.

share (v) / e / teilen You probably don’t share the same opinions so don’t talkabout politics or religion.

strict (adj) /str kt/ strikt My father was very strict and we had to obey him.

Take a seat. (TS) / te k ə si t/ Nehmen Sie Platz. Come in and take a seat .

take care of / te k keər əv/ für jmd sorgen If you take care of someone, you look after them.

taste (n) /te st/ Geschmack You probably don’t share the same opinions and tastes asthe parents.

tea ceremony (n) / ti serəməni/ Tee-Zeremonie The tea ceremony is a Japanese custom that involvesserving tea.

tell the truth / tel ðə tru θ/ die Wahrheit sagen Tell the truth – you should be honest about what you do.

topic of conversation (n) / t p k əv k nv se n / Gesprächsthema Avoid topics of conversation such as politics or religion.

traditional (adj) /trə d n(ə)l/ traditionell Geishas have to learn traditional Japanese arts.



47

trainee (adj) / tre ni/ in der Ausbildung It’s a hard life for a trainee geisha.

varied (adj) /veər d/ vielseitig Her lessons were interesting and varied .

well-dressed (adj) / wel drest/ gut gekleidet You may be good-looking and well-dressed but youhave to make her laugh as well.

without question /w ða t kwes (ə)n/ ohne Widerrede He was very strict – we had to obey him withoutquestion .

EDUCATION AND TRAINING BILDUNG UND AUSBILDUNGacademic (adj) (TS) / ækə dem k / akademisch I wasn’t very academic at school, but I loved art.

apply for a place /ə pla fər ə ple s/ sich um einen At 17 or 18 many students apply for a place Studienplatz bewerben at university.

competition (n) (TS) / k mp t n / Wettbewerb Recently I won a photography competition – Miss Lewiswould be proud of me!

course (n) /k s / Kurs Students get a degree when they nish the course .

degree (n) /d gri / Hochschulabschluss Students get a degree when they nish the course.

end-of-year exam (n) / endəvj ə g zæm/ Jahresabschlussprüfung If you fail your end-of-year exams , you can usually take

them again.entrance exam (n) / entrəns g zæm/ Aufnahmeprüfung You have to pass an entrance exam if you want to go to

university.

fail (an exam) (v) /fe l (ən gzæm) / durchfallen Did you pass your exam or fail ?

nals (n pl) / fa n lz/ Abschlussprüfungen Final year exams are often called “ nals ”.

gap year (n) / gæp j / ein Jahr Pause zwischen A gap year is a year between school and universitySchule und Studium when students often go abroad.

get a place at (university) / get ə ple s/ einen Studienplatz When Tony was eighteen, he got a place at university .bekommen

go to university / gə tə ju n v s ti/ eine Universität besuchen It costs a lot of money to go to university .

be good at sth / bi g d ət s mθ ŋ / etwas gut können Art was Andy’s favourite subject – he was good at it .grant (n) /gr nt / Stipendium My parents didn’t support me nancially because I got a

grant .

homework (n) / hə m w k / Hausaufgaben Tony had to do his homework every night after school.

leave school/university / li v sku l/ ju n v s ti / Schule/Universität verlassen Gordon left school early and regretted it afterwards.

lesson (n) /lesn/ Unterrichtsstunde She was a really good teacher – her lessons wereinteresting and varied.



48

nursery school (n) / n s(ə)ri sku l/ Kindergarten Most children go to nursery school between the ages of3 and 5.

pass (a test/exam) (v) / p s (ə test/ gzæm) / bestehen Students get a degree when they pass the nal exams .

primary school (n) / pra m ri sku l/ Grundschule Children start primary school at the age of 5.

qualify (v) / kw l fa / die Ausbildung abschließen It takes seven years before you qualify as a doctor.

secondary school (n) / sekənd(ə)ri sku l/ Sekundarstufe Children start secondary school at the age of 11.

studies (n pl) / st diz/ Studium Scott’s parents pay for his college studies .subject (n) / s b ekt / Fach What’s your favourite subject at school?

support sb nancially /sə p t s mb di jmd nanziell unterstützen My parents didn’t support me nancially because I gotfa næn (ə)li/ a grant.

take a test/exam / te k ə test/ g zæm/ einen Test/eine If you fail your end-of-year exams, you can usually take Prüfung machen them again.

train (v) /tre n/ eine Ausbildung erhalten What job would you like to train for?

vocational course (n) /və ke n (ə)l k s/ berufsorientierter Kurs A vocational course is one such as secretarial studies orcar maintenance that trains you directly for a job.

Unit 9 (p.76)

ability (n) /ə b ləti/ Fähigkeit Someone who is con dent is certain about their abilities .

addictive (adj) /ə d kt v/ süchtig machend Coffee can be addictive argument.

appear (v) /ə p ə/ erscheinen On some people, dimples appear in their cheeks whenthey smile.

around (prep) /ə ra nd/ um A true smile involves the muscles around the eyes.

authority (n) / θ r ti / Autorität Someone who is a rebel has no respect for authority .

care (about) (v) /keər (əba t) / sich kümmern um Someone who is sensitive cares about other people’sfeelings.

the centre of attention /ðə sentər əv ə ten n/ Mittelpunkt der Sensitive people don’t usually like being the centre of Aufmerksamkeit attention in a crowd.

certain (adj) / s tn/ sicher Someone who is con dent is certain about their abilities.

a cold (n) /ə kə ld/ eine Erkältung When you have a cold , your nose is blocked and youcough.



49

at the corners of / ət ðə k n z əv/ in den Mundwinkeln A true smile involves the muscles at the corners of themouth.

the cost of living (n) /ðə k st əv l v ŋ/ Lebensunterhaltskosten The cost of living is cheap in Thailand.

the country (n) / ðə k ntri/ das Land Do you like doing long walks in the country ?

crowd (n) /kra d / Menge Shy people do not feel con dent in a crowd .

the edge of / ði e əv / Rand When people smile, wrinkles appear around the edge of

their eyes.encourage (v) / n k r / ermuntern A listener will smile to encourage the speaker.

enjoyment (n) / n m nt / Vergnügen The genuine smile of enjoyment makes us feel good,and other people too.

extremely (adv) / k stri mli/ äußerst A true smile is extremely hard to fake.

fake (adj) /fe k / falsch “ Fake ” is the opposite of “true”.

fake (v) /fe k / fälschen It’s very dif cult to fake a “true” smile.

for (prep) /weak fə; strong f / seit “How long have you been here, Jeff?” “ For about sixmonths.”

genuine (adj) / enju n / genuin; echt “ Genuine ” means the same as “true”.

go up (phr v) / gə p / hochgehen When people smile their eyebrows go up .

have a conversation / hæv ə k nv se n/ ein Gespräch haben When two people have a conversation , they talk toeach other.

have a tooth out / hæv ə tu θ a t/ einen Zahn ziehen lassen When you have a tooth out , the dentist removes it.

honeymoon (n) (TS) / h ni mu n/ Flitterwochen A honeymoon is a holiday that two people have afterthey get married.

horrible (adj) / h r bl / furchtbar If your aunt gives you a horrible birthday present, youmight give a polite smile.

inspiring (adj) (TS) / n spa r ŋ / inspirierend An inspiring place makes you feel happy and excited.

irritating (adj) / r te t ŋ/ lästig Optimists can sometimes be irritating .

joker (n) / k / Witzbold A joker is someone with a good sense of humour wholikes doing or saying funny things.

jungle (n) / ŋgl / Dschungel The jungles in the north of Thailand are perfect forelephant trekking.

kill (v) /k l/ umbringen “I’ve got a cold.” “Don’t worry – it won’t kill you.”

laid-back (adj) (TS) / le d bæk / entspannt A laid-back lifestyle is calm and relaxed.

lifestyle (n) / la f sta l/ Lebensstil Your lifestyle is the type of life you lead.



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lock (v) /l k / abschließen When you lock a door, you close it using a key.

make sb feel good / me k s mb di l jmd sich wohlfühlen A true smile makes you and other people feel good .g d / lassen

miserable (adj) / m z(ə)rəbl/ elend; unglücklich “ Miserable ” means very sad or unhappy.

miss (v) (TS) /m s/ vermissen “What do you miss about home?” “Not the weather orfood, but I miss my family and friends.”

mouth-watering (adj) / ma θ w t r ŋ / appetitlich Mouth-watering food smells or tastes good.obvious (adj) (TS) / bvi s / offensichtlich What does Jeff like about Thailand, apart from the

obvious things like weather, food and lifestyle?

optimist (n) / pt m st / Optimist(in) An optimist sees the positive side of life.

pessimist (n) / pesəm st/ Pessimist(in) A pessimist sees the negative side of life.

polite (adj) / pə la t/ hö ich A polite smile is the sort of smile you give when someonegives you a horrible birthday present.

propose (v) / prə pə z/ vorschlagen I’m going to propose to Dawn – I hope she says “yes”.

raised (adj) /re zd/ hochgezogen Raised eyebrows and dimples in the cheeks are signs of a“true” smile.

realist (n) / r l st / Realist(in) A realist knows that there are ups and downs in life.rebel (n) / rebl/ Rebell(in) Someone who is a rebel has no respect for authority.

rent (v) (TS) /rent/ mieten Hans has rented a house in Thailand because he wants towrite a novel.

respect (n) /r spekt/ Respekt Someone who is a rebel has no respect for authority.

rose petals (n pl) (TS) / rə z petlz/ Rosenblüten The Rayavadee Hotel is wonderful – they put rose petals in our bath!

sense of humour (n) / sens əv hju mə/ Sinn für Humor Someone who has a good sense of humour can laugh atthings and tell jokes.

the positive/negative /ðə p z t v / negət v die positive/negative An optimist sees the positive side of life ; a pessimist

side of life sa d əv la f / Seite des Lebens sees the negative side of life .since (prep) /s ns/ seit Becky and Jeff have been running a bar on the beach

since 2004.

smile (n) /sma l/ Lächeln Very often social smiles are not real; they are “fake”smiles .

smile (v) /sma l/ lächeln According to research, we smile for many differentreasons.



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social smile (n) / sə l sma l/ soziales Lächeln Very often social smiles are not real; they are “fake”smiles.

speaker (n) / spi kə/ Sprecher(in) A listener will smile to encourage the speaker .

start up (phr v) (TS) / st t p / anfangen mit I hope to start up my own company soon.

stay away (phr v) (TS) / ste ə we/ fernbleiben Tourists stayed away for a long time after the tsunami.

be sure of yourself / bi əv jə self / selbstsicher sein People who are sure of themselves are often bossy and

ambitious.tighten (v) / ta tn/ straffen “Fake” smiles are easy to do – you just have to tighten

the muscles in your cheeks.

toothy (adj) / tu θi/ die Zähne zeigend A toothy smile is one in which you show your teeth.

ups and downs (n pl) / ps ən da nz / Höhen und Tiefen A realist knows that there are ups and downs in life.

upset (v) / p set / aus der Ruhe bringen Someone who is easygoing is calm and is not easy toupset .

vibrant (adj) / va br nt/ pulsierend A place that is vibrant is lively and interesting.

waste time / we st ta m/ Zeit verschwenden I never waste time worrying about the future.

whatever (pron) (TS) /w t ev / wie auch immer “Shall we go to the cinema?” “Yeah, whatever . I don’t

really mind.”wide (adj) /wa d/ breit A wide , toothy smile shows that a person is easygoing

and friendly.

wrinkle (n) / r ŋkl/ Falte Wrinkles are small lines that appear in the skin on yourface.

ADJECTIVES TO DESCRIBE CHARACTER ADJEKTIVE, DEN DEN CHARAKTER BESCHREIBENambitious (adj) /æm b s / ehrgeizig Someone who is ambitious wants to be successful.

bossy (adj) / b si / herrschsüchtig Someone who is bossy likes telling other people what todo.

calm (adj) /k m / ruhig Someone who is calm is relaxed and not easy to upset.cheeky (adj) / i ki / frech Someone who is cheeky has a good sense of humour but

no respect for authority.

con dent (adj) / k nf d (ə)nt/ selbstbewusst Someone who is condent is certain about their abilities.

easygoing (adj) / i zi gə ŋ/ gelassen; lässig Someone who is easygoing is relaxed and calm.

friendly (adj) / frendli/ freundlich A friendly person enjoys being with other people.



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hardworking (adj) / h d w k ŋ / eißig Hardworking , ambitious people work hard to get whatthey want.

loyal (adj) / l l / loyal A loyal friend continues to support you in dif cult times.

nervous (adj) / n v s / nervös Shy people are nervous in the company of other people.

relaxed (adj) r lækst entspannt A relaxed person is calm and does not worry a lot aboutthings.

sensitive (adj) / sensət v/ sensibel Sensitive people care about other people’s feelings.shy (adj) / a / schüchtern Shy people can also be loyal, sensitive friends.

sociable (adj) / sə əbl/ kontaktfreudig Sociable people are friendly and enjoy being with otherpeople.

warm (adj) /w m/ warm If you have a warm personality, you are friendly andsociable.

welcoming (adj) / welkəm ŋ/ gastfreundlich The people in Thailand are warm and welcoming .

BODY IDIOMS IDIOMATISCHE AUSDRÜCKE, DIE MIT DEM KÖRPER TUN HABENcost an arm and a leg / k st ən m ən ə leg/ sehr viel kosten Something that costs an arm and a leg is extremely

expensive.give sb a hand / g v s mb di ə hænd/ jmd helfen If you give someone a hand , you help them.

keep your ngers crossed / ki p jə f ŋg z kr st/ Daumen drücken If you keep your ngers crossed for someone , you(for sb) hope that something good will happen to them.

not see eye to eye with sb /n t si a tu a w ð anderer Meinung sein People who do not see eye to eye with each other, dos mb di / not get on together or agree.

pull sb’s leg / p l s mb diz leg / jmd auf den Arm nehmen If you pull someone’s leg , you say something to them asa joke.

THE FACE/HAIR DAS GESICHT/DIE HAAREcheeks (n pl) / i ks / Wangen; Backen Your cheeks are the soft parts on each side of your facebelow your eyes.

curly (adj) / k li/ lockig; kraus Curly hair is not straight and falls in rings or circles.

dimple (n) / d mpl/ Grübchen In some people, dimples appear in their cheeks whenthey smile.

eyebrows (n pl) / a bra z / Augenbrauen Raised eyebrows and dimples in the cheeks are signs of a“true” smile.



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full (adj) /f l / voll Full lips are wide and round.

mouth (n) /ma θ / Mund Your mouth is the part of your face that you eat andspeak with.

pale (adj) / pe l/ blass Pale cheeks are white in colour.

pointed (adj) / p nt d / Spitz- A pointed chin is long and narrow, with a point at theend.

rosy (adj) / rə zi/ rosig Rosy cheeks are red or pink in colour.square (adj) /skweə/ kantig; eckig A square chin has straight edges and is not curved or

pointed.

straight (adj) /stre t/ glatt; gerade 1) Straight hair has no curls or waves.

2) Straight teeth are in the correct position and do notlean to one side.

teeth (n pl) /ti θ/ Zähne It’s important to brush your teeth regularly.

thick (adj) /θ k / dicht; dick Thick eyebrows are wide with a lot of hairs.

thin (adj) /θ n/ dünn 1) Thin lips are straight and narrow.

2) Thin eyebrows are narrow with not many hairs.

wavy (adj) / we vi/ wellig; lockig Wavy hair has waves or small curls in it.white (adj) /wa t/ weiß White teeth are the same colour as milk and look clean.

Review C (p.84)

close our eyes to sth (TS) / klə z r a z tə sich einer Sache We mustn’t close our eyes to the problem ofs mθ ŋ / gegenüber blind stellen the environment.

fairly (adv) / feəli/ ziemlich “ Fairly ” is a word meaning “quite”.

gardener (n) (TS) / g dn / Gärtner(in) After Dad lost his job, he started working as a gardener .

get tired of (TS) / get ta d əv/ etwas satt haben Callum gets tired of eating potatoes, salad and apples.

go green / gə gri n/ „grün werden“ If you go green , you start do live in a way that is healthyfor the environment.

healthily (adv) / helθəli/ gesund We eat very healthily now and I’ve learned to cook someinteresting vegetables.



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issue (n) (TS) / u ; sju / Angelegenheit; Frage; He started working as a gardener and that’s how heProblem became interested in green issues .

persuade (v) (TS) /pə swe d/ überreden Environmental groups try to persuade people to changetheir lives.

serious (adj) / s ri s / ernst Hazel knew Phil was serious about it, so she said yes.

split up (with) (phr v) / spl t p/ sich trennen von Meg wants to split up with her boyfriend as they havenothing in common.

worthwhile (adj) / w θ wa l/ sinnvoll Meg wants to do something worthwhile so she’s goingto give some money to Greenpeace.

Unit 10 (p.88)

ancestors (n pl) / ænsestəz/ Vorfahren Your ancestors are people related to you who lived along time ago.

army of cer (n) / mi f s / Armeeof zier Darren is 26 and training to be an army ofcer .

as soon as /əz su n əz/ sobald As soon as your husband arrives, he’ll have a tness test.be like chalk and cheese / bi la k k ən i z / so verschieden wie “Is Pete’s sister like him?” “Not at all – they’ re like chalk

Tag und Nacht sein and cheese .”

click on (phr v) / kl k n/ anklicken Once you’re on the website, just click on the dish to seethe complete recipe.

consider (v) /kən s də/ überlegen If you consider something, you think about it.

consist (of) (v) /kən s st(əv) / bestehen aus Their low-calorie diet consists of three quarters plantfood and one quarter animal food.

cute (adj) /kju t/ niedlich The little red Porsche was cute but I didn’t use it much.

drive sb crazy / dra v s mb di kre zi/ in den Wahnsinn treiben My poor Daddy – I used to drive him crazy !

driving licence (n) / dra v ŋ la s ns/ Führerschein I got a car for my 17th birthday, but I didn’t even have adriving licence .

engrave (v) / n gre v/ eingravieren; einschnitzen If you engrave something onto stone, you write it thereusing something such as a knife.

tness test (n) / f tn s test/ Fitnessprüfung As soon as your husband arrives, he’ll have a tness testbe full of beans / bi f l əv/ putzmunter sein If you are full of beans , you are very energetic.



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tent (n) /tent/ Zelt Every weekend we left town with our tent in the back ofthe car.

timetable (n) / ta m te bl/ Terminplan; Zeitplan A timetable is a list of times at which you must dosomething or at which something happens.

be in trouble / bi n tr bl/ Ärger bekommen If you have a cigarette in a no-smoking area, you’ll be introuble !

well-built (adj) / wel b lt/ kräftig gebaut Someone who is well-built has a body that looks strong.

youth (n) / ju θ/ Jugendliche(r) A youth is a young person, usually a teenager.

CARS AUTOMOBILEair conditioning (n) / eə kən d n ŋ/ Klimaanlage Air conditioning is a system that makes the air colder.

bonnet (n) / b n t / Motorhaube The bonnet is the front part of a car that covers theengine.

boot (n) / bu t/ Kofferraum The boot is the back part of a car that you can putluggage into.

break down (phr v) / bre k da n/ eine Panne haben If your car breaks down , it stops working and you can’tuse it.

bumper (n) / b mp / Stoßstange A bumper is a piece of metal or rubber at the front andback of a car that protects it.

economical (adj) / i kə n m kl; wirtschaftlich A car that is economical to run does not use a lot ofekə n m kl/ petrol.

engine (n) / en n / Motor The engine is the part of a car that uses petrol toproduce movement.

environmentally friendly (adj) / n va r nmentli frendli/ umweltfreundlich A car that is environmentally friendly is designed notto harm the environment.

fall off (phr v) / f l f / herunterfallen One day it was raining, and the windscreen wiper fell off !

ashy (adj) (TS) / æ i / auffällig I’d like to drive a Chevrolet with a silver bumper and big,

ashy headlights.gear stick (n) / g st k / Schalthebel The gear stick is the short metal stick in a car that you

use when you increase speed.

glamorous (adj) (TS) / glæmərəs/ ott; schick I’d love to wear glamorous evening clothes and go to arestaurant in a Chevrolet!

handbrake (n) / hænd bre k / Handbremse You pull a handbrake with your hand to keep a car stillafter it has stopped.



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headlights (n pl) (TS) / hed la ts/ Scheinwerfer The headlights are the lights on the front of a car thatyou use for driving at night.

leather seat (n) / leðə si t/ Ledersitz A Chevrolet has soft leather seats .

give sb a lift / g v s mb di ə l ft/ jmd mitnehmen Can you give me a lift to the station?

made in your country / me d n j k ntri / in Ihrem Land gebaut I only buy cars that are made in my country .

number plate (n) / n mb ple t / Nummernschild The number plate is the sign on the front and back of a

vehicle with letters and numbers on it.overtake (v) / ə və te k / überholen You should only overtake other drivers when the road

ahead is clear.

park (v) / p k / parken A lot of women want cars that are easy to park .

posh (adj) (TS) / p / vornehm A place that is posh is expensive and attractive.

run (v) /r n / betreiben; unterhalten If you run a car, you own it and use it regularly.

run out of (phr v) / r n a t əv / einem das Benzin ausgehen If you run out of petrol, you have no more petrol left.

rush hour (n) / r a / Stoßzeit Most people hate driving during the rush hour .

satellite navigation system (n) / sætəla t næv ge n Satellitennavigationssystem A satellite navigation system shows you the in whichs st m/ you should travel.

seat belt (n) / si t belt/ Sicherheitsgurt Don’t forget to fasten your seat belt !sound system (n) / sa nd s st m / Audiosystem A sound system is a piece of equipment for playing music.

spacious (adj) / spe s / geräumig The car is really spacious , with plenty of room to stretchyour legs.

steering wheel (n) / st r ŋ wi l/ Lenkrad The steering wheel is the wheel that you hold and turnto control the direction of the car.

stretch your legs (TS) / stre je legz/ die Beine vertreten The car is really spacious, with plenty of room to stretchyour legs .

sunroof (n) / s n ru f / Schiebedach A sunroof is part of the roof of a car that you can open.

traf c jam (n) / træf k æm / Verkehrsstau If you are stuck in a trafc jam , you can’t drive becausethere is too much traf c.

tyre (n) /ta / Reifen A tyre is the thick rubber cover around the wheel of a car.

wheel (n) /wi l/ Rad A car has four wheels .

windscreen (n) / w nd skri n/ Windschutzscheibe The windscreen is the large glass window at the front ofa vehicle.

windscreen wiper (n) / w ndskri n wa p/ Scheibenwischer A windscreen wiper is the long, thin thing that movesacross a windscreen and removes rain.



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COLLOCATIONS KOLLOKATIONENa brisk walk /ə br sk w k / ein otter Spaziergang We usually go for a brisk four-hour walk in the morning.

an extended family /ən k stend d fæmli/ eine Großfamilie An extended family is a larger family group thatincludes cousins, aunts, uncles etc.

be in a hurry /bi n ə h ri/ es eilig haben In Okinawa, nobody is in a hurry and timetables arenon-existent.

keep t / k i p f t/ t bleiben I go swimming twice a week to keep t .

lead a healthy life / li d ə helθi la f / ein gesundes Leben führen Eating fruit and vegetables and doing sport is a good wayto lead a healthy life .

do martial arts / du m l ts / Kampfsport betreiben If you do martial arts , you do sports such as judo orkarate.

a network of friends /ə netw k əv frendz/ ein Freundeskreis A network of friends is the group of friends you seeregularly.

a spectacular sunset /ə spek tækj l s nset/ ein atemberaubender A spectacular sunset is very beautiful to watch.Sonnenuntergang

FOOD & COOKING ESSEN UND KOCHENadd (v) /æd/ hinzugeben Add vanilla ice cream to the bananas to make a banana

split.

aubergine (n) / ə bə i n / Aubergine An aubergine is a vegetable with a dark purple skin andwhite esh.

bake (v) / be k / backen You can bake bananas in the oven in their skin.

banana (n) / bə n nə/ Banane A banana is a long curved fruit with a yellow skin.

banana-split (n) / bə n nə spl t/ Banane-Split Banana split is a dish that consists of bananas and icecream.

batter (n) / bætə/ Teig Batter is a mixture of our, milk and eggs used in cooking.

bean (n) / bi n/ Bohne A bean is a seed of various plants; there are manydifferent types such as green beans, soya beans etc.

boil (v) / b l / kochen If you boil something, you cook it in hot water.

brown sugar (n) / bra n g / brauner Zucker You can grill bananas and put brown sugar on top.

butter (n) / b t / Butter Cut the bananas in half and fry them in butter .

carrot (n) / kærət/ Karotte; Mohrrübe A carrot is a long orange vegetable that grows under theground.



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cauli ower (n) / k li a / Blumenkohl A cauliower is a vegetable with a hard, round whitepart surrounded by green leaves.

cherry (n) / eri/ Kirsche A cherry is a small round black or red fruit.

chicken (n) / k n / Hühner eisch Chicken is the white meat of a chicken, eaten as food.

chop (v) / p / zerhacken; kleinschneiden If you chop something, you cut it into pieces with a knife.

coconut (n) / kə kə n t / Kokosnuss A coconut is a very large nut that is white inside and has

a hard brown shell.cucumber (n) / kju k mb / Gurke A cucumber is a long thin vegetable with dark green

skin, often eaten in salads.

cut in half / k t n h f / halbieren If you cut something in half , you cut it into two equalpieces.

dish (n) /d / Gericht Which of the banana dishes on the website would youprefer?

fresh (adj) /fre / Frisch You can eat bananas raw in fresh fruit salad.

fritters (n pl) / fr t z / Beignets Banana fritters are bananas that are fried in milk, ourand eggs.

fruit salad (n) / fru t sæləd/ Obstsalat Fruit salad is a dish consisting of small pieces of differentfruit.

fry /fra / frittieren Fry bananas in batter to make banana fritters.

garlic (n) / g l k / Knoblauch Garlic is a vegetable similar to an onion that you use incooking to add a strong avour.

grape (n) /gre p/ Traube A grape is a small green or purple fruit that can be usedfor making wine.

grill (v) /gr l/ grillen Grill bananas with brown sugar on top.

ice cream (n) / a s kri m/ Eiskrem A banana split is a dish consisting of bananas and vanillaice cream .

ingredient (n) / n gri di nt/ Zutaten; Ingredienzen The ingredients of batter are milk, our and eggs.

lemon (n) / lemən/ Zitrone A lemon is a fruit with a hard yellow skin.

lettuce (n) / let s/ (grüner) Salat Lettuce is a vegetable with large green leaves used formaking salads.

milk (n) /m lk / Milch Black coffee is coffee without milk .

mix (v) /m ks/ mischen Mix bananas with rice for a Cuban dish.

mushroom (n) / m ru m / Pilz Amushroom is a soft brown or grey vegetable with around top.



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nut (n) /n t / Nuss A nut is a dry fruit that grows inside a hard shell on sometypes of tree and bush.

onion (n) / nj n / Zwiebel An onion is a vegetable with thin dry skin that tastes andsmells very strong.

orange (n) / r n / Orange; Apfelsine An orange is a round fruit with hard orange skin.

oven (n) / vn / Backofen You can bake bananas in their skin in the oven .

peach (n) / pi / P rsich A peach is a fruit with soft yellow-pink skin that has abig stone inside.

peel (v) / pi l/ schälen If you peel fruit or vegetables, you take the skin off them.

prawn (n) / pr n / Garnele A prawn is a type of small pink sea animal.

raw (adj) /r / roh Food that is raw has not been cooked.

recipe (n) / resəpi/ Rezept A recipe is a set of instructions for cooking a dish or meal.

red pepper (n) / red pepə/ roter Paprika A red pepper is a vegetable with small white seeds insidethat you cook or eat raw in salads.

rice (n) /ra s/ Reis You can mix bananas with rice to make a Cuban dish.

sardine (n) /s di n/ Sardine A sardine is a common silver sh that is eaten as food.

sausage (n) / s s / Wurst Sausages are long tubes of meat mixed with spices.slice (v) /sla s/ Scheibe Slice the bananas in half and add ice cream for a banana

split.

soup (n) /su p/ Suppe Soup is a liquid food often eaten at the beginning of ameal.

spinach (n) / sp n / Spinat Spinach is a vegetable with dark green leaves that youcan cook or eat raw in salads.

sugar (n) / g / Zucker Sugar is a very sweet substance that some people add totea and coffee.

tea (n) /ti / Tee Tea is a hot brown drink made by pouring boiling wateronto dried leaves.

tomato (n) /tə m tə / Tomate A tomato is a very common round red fruit, often eatenin salads.

trout (n) /tra t / Forelle A trout is quite a large sh that lives in rivers and lakesand is often eaten as food.

vanilla (n) /və n lə/ Vanille Vanilla is the most common avour of ice cream and islight yellow in colour.



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r (n) /f / Tanne A Christmas tree is a type of r tree.

uently (adv) / u əntli/ ießend Someone who speaks a language uently , speaks it verywell.

frighten sb away / fra tn s mb di ə we / abschrecken; verscheuchen Gus’s spider frightens a lot of people away .

get in touch (with) / get n t (w ð) / sich in Verbindung Robert hardly ever gets in touch with his parents tosetzen mit tell them he’s coming home.

get on with / get n w ð/ weitermachen mit Ralph made Morris a bed in his of ce and got on with his work.

heavy breathing (n) (TS) / hevi bri ð ŋ/ schwere Atmung If you hear heavy breathing , you hear a person oranimal breathing very loudly.

human (n) / hju mən/ Mensch Do you think that animals are as important as humans ?

hunting (n) / h nt ŋ / die Jagd A lot of people think hunting is very cruel.

illegal (adj) / li gl/ illegal Some people think animal testing is wrong and should beillegal .

image (n) / m / Ebenbild A dolphin recognises its own image in a mirror.

imaginative (adj) / mæ n t v / phantasievoll A tale is an imaginative story.

insect (n) / nsekt/ Insekt Insects are small animals with six legs that often havewings.

keep an eye on / ki p ən a n/ aufpassen auf Ralph took his sick cat into work to keep an eye on him.

key in (phr v) / ki n/ eingeben; eintippen The cat accidentally keyed in a secret code that deletedsome computer les.

keyboard (n) / ki b d/ Tastatur Morris got up and walked across the keyboard of thecomputer.

lead (n) (TS) /li d/ Leine Angus takes the iguana for walks in the park on a lead !

lift (v) /l ft/ heben Ants can lift fty times their own weight!

look alike / l k ə la k / ähnlich/gleich aussehen “Do you and your pet look alike ?” “I’m not that hairy– but I think he looks cool, like me!”

look up (phr v) / l k p / hochschauen Pat and Tina looked up and suddenly realised they weresurrounded by cows.

medical eld (n) / med kl ld/ Medizinbereich Do you agree that animal testing is essential for progressin the medical eld ?

mirror (n) / m r / Spiegel A dolphin recognises its own image in a mirror .



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misunderstood (adj) / m s nd st d / missverstanden When people do not understand a person or thingproperly, you say that that person or thing ismisunderstood .

Never mind. / nevə ma nd/ Macht nichts. “Sorry, Emma, we’re going to London this weekend.”“Never mind .”

ornithologist (n) / n θ l st / Ornithologe(in) Someone who studies birds is an ornithologist .

own (v) /ə n/ besitzen Ralph owned a Siamese cat called Morris.

owner (n) / ə nə/ Besitzer Some people say that pets and their owners often lookalike!

pain (n) / pe n/ Schmerz Animal testing is OK if there is no pain or sufferinginvolved.

progress (n) / prə gres/ Fortschritt Is animal testing essential for progress in the medicaleld?

protect (v) / prə tekt/ schützen Do you think that zoos are important for protecting endangered species?

pull up (phr v) / p l p / anhalten They decided to pull up in a quiet place to have a picnic.

put up (phr v) (TS) / p t p / aufstellen When Richard put the tent up , there weren’t any animals

in the eld.recognise (v) / rekəgna z/ erkennen A dolphin recognises its own image in a mirror.

respect (v) /r spekt/ respektieren I think animals should be respected and protected.

rule (v) (TS) /ru l/ regieren; herrschen “Why would you like to be a lion?” “Because they’re bigand tough and they rule .”

run (v) /r n / laufen; rennen A cheetah can run at 100 kilometres per hour.

sauce (n) /s s / Soße A sauce is a liquid food that you put on other food togive it avour.

scary (adj) / skeəri/ unheimlich I’m frightened of sharks – I think they’re really scary .

scientist (n) / sa nt st/ Wissenschaftler(in) Charles Darwin was the scientist who developed the

theory of evolution.secret code (n) / si krət kə d/ Geheimcode The cat accidentally keyed in a secret code that deleted

some computer les.

shadow (n) (TS) / æd / Schatten “I could see a shadow outside the tent.” “What was it?”“A big cow!”

suffering (n) / s f r ŋ / Leid Animal testing is OK if there is no pain or suffering involved.

sunburn (n) / s n b n / Sonnenbrand Did you know that pigs can get sunburn ?



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tale (n) /te l/ Erzählung A tale is an imaginative story.

the theory of evolution /ðə θ ri əv i və lu n/ die Evolutionstheorie Charles Darwin was the scientist who developed thetheory of evolution .

the tip of the nose (TS) /ðə t p əv ðə nə z/ die Nasenspitze Angus’s iguana is almost a metre long from the tip of itsnose to the end of its tail.

tough (adj) (TS) /t f / zäh Lions are big and tough , and they rule.

tour (v) /t / reisen They were touring in the north of England by car whenthey decided to stop for a picnic.

turn round (phr v) / t n ra nd / sich umdrehen When they put on a pop music CD the cows turnedround and walked off!

turn up (phr v) / t n p / auftauchen They know when their son is going to turn up becausethe bird starts calling “Robbie”!

type (v) /ta p/ (ein)tippen If you type information into a computer, you write itusing the keys on the keyboard.

unconditional love (n) / nk n d n (ə)l l v / bedingungslose Liebe Unconditional love has no limits.

undressed (adj) / n drest/ nicht angezogen Someone who is undressed has no clothes on.

unnatural (adj) / n næ (ə)rəl/ unnatürlich I think zoos are depressing and unnatural .

unwell (adj) / n wel/ unwohl “ Unwell ” is a word that means “ill” or “sick”.

visit (v) / v z t/ besuchen Zoos can be fun to visit for children.

walk off (phr v) / w k f / weggehen When they put on a pop music CD the cows turned roundand walked off !

wallet (n) / w l t / Brieftasche A wallet is a small at container where men keep money.

weight (n) /we t/ Gewicht Ants can lift fty times their own weight !

without (prep) /w ð a t / ohne Which animal can last longer without water than a camel?

be worth $100,000 / bi w θ w n h ndr d …wert sein The deleted computer les were worth $100,000!θa z nd d l z /

wrong (adj) /r ŋ / ungerecht Some people think that animal testing is wrong andshould be illegal.

ADJECTIVES AND PREPOSITIONS ADJEKTIVE UND PRÄPOSITIONENbe afraid of / bi ə fre d əv/ Angst haben vor I ’m afraid of sharks – I think they’re scary.

be allergic to / bi ə l k tu / allergisch sein gegen Richard doesn’t like cats because he ’s allergic to them.

be fond of / bi f nd əv/ lieben Harry is fond of all animals.



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endangered species (n) / n de n d spi i z / gefährdete Spezies An endangered species is a type of animal that maysoon no longer exist.

uffy (adj) / / p aumig;kuschelig Animals that are uffy are covered with a lot of fur andare nice and gentle.

foal (n) /fə l / Fohlen A foal is a young horse.

frog (n) /fr g / Frosch Frogs are small animals with smooth green skin that livein water and on land.

fur (n) /f / Pelz Fur is the hair that covers some animals.

giraffe (n) / r f / Giraffe A giraffe is a very tall animal with a very long neck.

hairy (adj) (TS) / heəri/ haarig A spider has eight hairy legs.

hamster (n) / hæmstə/ Hamster Hamsters are popular pets for children.

hen (n) /hen/ Henne; Huhn A hen is a female chicken.

horse (n) /h s / Pferd Can you ride a horse ?

iguana (n) / gw n / Iguana An iguana is a type of large lizard with points on its back.

kitten (n) / k tn/ Kätzchen A young cat is called a kitten .

lamb (n) /læm/ Lamm A young sheep is called a lamb .

lion (n) / la n / Löwe Gus likes lions because they’re big and tough.

loveable (adj) (TS) / l v bl / liebenswert A loveable pet is one that is easy to love.

mouse (pl mice) (n) /ma s (pl ma s) / Maus (Mäuse) Mice are small furry animals with long tails that live inelds or that people sometimes keep as pets.

mynah bird (n) / ma n b d / Beo A mynah bird is a bird that can talk.

paw (n) / p / Pfote; Pranke; Tatze A paw is a dog’s or cat’s foot.

pet (n) / pet/ Haustier Pets are animals that people keep at home ascompanions.

pig (n) / p g/ Schwein A pig is a fat animal with pink skin that farmers keep formeat.

puppy (n) / p pi / Welpe; junger Hund A puppy is a young dog.

rabbit (n) / ræb t/ Kaninchen Rabbits are furry and have long ears and some peoplekeep them as pets.

rat (n) /ræt/ Ratte A rat is an animal like a mouse with a long tail; a lot ofpeople don’t like them because they are dirty.

reptile (n) (TS) / rep ta l/ Reptil Crocodiles, alligators and iguanas are all reptiles .



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shark (n) / k/ Hai( sch) A shark is a very large sh with large teeth that can killpeople.

sheep (n) / i p/ Schaf A sheep is an animal with white fur that is made intowool.

snake (n) /sne k / Schlange Snakes are long thin animals that move along theground and can kill people.

tail (n) /te l/ Schwanz Cats usually have long tails .

tortoise (n) / t t s / Schildkröte Tortoises have shells on their back and move very slowly.

whale (n) /we l/ Wal The blue whale is the largest animal that has ever lived.

wild bird/amimal (n) / wa ld b d/ æn ml/ Wildvogel/Wildtier Wild birds or animals live in natural conditions and arenot kept by humans.

zoo (n) /zu / Zoo A zoo is a place where wild animals are kept in cages sothat people can see them.

INSECTS INSEKTENant (n) /æ nt/ Ameise An ant is a small insect that lives in large groups and can

carry fty times its own weight.

bee (n) / bi / Biene A bee is a yellow and black insect that ies and makeshoney.

butter y (n) / b t a / Schmetterling A buttery is an insect with colourful, often beautifulwings.

cockroach (n) / k kr / Küchenschabe A cockroach is a large black insect that lives in placeswhere food is kept.

y (n) / a / Fliege A y is a very common small insect with wings.

mosquito (n) /m s ki t / Moskito A mosquito is a small ying insect that bites the skin ofpeople and animals to feed on their blood.

spider (n) / spa d / Spinne Spiders are insects with eight hairy legs that a lot ofpeople are frightened of.

wasp (n) /w sp / Wespe A wasp is a yellow and black insect that can sting you.



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Unit 12 (p.104)

abroad (adv) /ə br d/ ins Ausland Do you go abroad for your holidays?

adorable (adj) /ə d rəbl/ bezaubernd That little girl is absolutely adorable !

ago (adv) /ə gə / vor “How long ago was the Alhambra built?” “In the 13th

or 14th century.”all over the world / l ə və ðə w ld/ überall in der Welt The interior of the hotel is designed by artists from all

over the world .

anniversary (n) / æn v s(ə)ri/ Jahrestag The fth anniversary of their relationship was on 1st July.

architect (n) (TS) / k tekt/ Architekt(in) “Who was the architect of the Alhambra.” “I don’tknow.”

arrangement (n) /ə re n mənt / Verabredung The “two Lauras” have made arrangements to meet up.

attached (adj) /ə tæ t/ als Anlage Laura released a balloon with her name and address anda note attached .

awful (adj) / / schrecklich “His suit isn’t very nice.” “It’s absolutely awful !”

balloon (n) / bə lu n/ Luftballon A balloon is a child’s toy that oats in the air.build (v) / b ld/ bauen Every winter, work starts on building a new Ice Hotel.

building (n) / b ld ŋ/ Gebäude Curro thinks that the Alhambra is the most incrediblebuilding he has ever seen.

celebrate (v) / selə bre t/ feiern If you celebrate a birthday or anniversary, you have aparty to show that it is special.

century (n) / sen ri / Jahrhundert The Alhambra was built in the 13th or 14th century .

connecting ight (n) /kə nekt ŋ a t/ Anschluss ug They both stopped in Singapore to wait for connectingights .

crazy (adj) / kre zi/ verrückt Something that is crazy is slightly mad.

delicious (adj) /d l s / lecker “The food is tasty.” “Yes, it’s absolutely delicious !”design (v) /d za n/ entwerfen The interior of the hotel is designed by artists from all

over the world.

disappear (v) / d s p / verschwinden In spring, the Ice Hotel melts away and disappears .

enormous (adj) (TS) / n m s / riesig The Alhambra is very big, in fact it’s an enormous building.

entirely (adv) / n ta li / ganz The Ice Hotel in Sweden is made entirely of ice.



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exhausted (adj) / g z st d/ erschöpft “He looks tired, doesn’t he?” “He looks absolutelyexhausted .”

exist (v) / g z st/ existieren A hotel made entirely of ice exists in Sweden.

expect (v) / k spekt/ erwarten “How many children will I have?” “More than youexpect .”

fame (n) /fe m/ Ruhm Fame is the state or situation of being famous.

golden wedding anniversary (n) /gə ldən wed ŋ

goldene Hochzeit A golden-wedding anniversary is the day when aæn v s(ə)ri/ couple celebrates 50 years of marriage.

guest (n) /gest/ Gast Guests at the hotel are given special arctic sleeping bags.

guinea pig (n) / g ni p g/ Meerschweinchen Both Lauras have a rabbit and a guinea pig .

helium- lled (adj) / hi liəm f ld/ mit Helium befüllt A helium-lled balloon is a balloon lled with a gas thatkeeps it in the a ir.

hilarious (adj) /h le ri s / urkomisch Something that is hilarious is extremely funny.

ice cube (n) / a s kju b/ Eiswürfel You put ice cubes in drinks to make them cold.

In my opinion (TS) / n ma ə p njən/ meiner Meinung nach In my opinion , the Alhambra is one of the sevenwonders of the modern world.

including (prep) / n klu d ŋ/ einschließlich All the furniture is made of ice, including the beds!incredible (adj) / n kred bl/ unglaublich What’s the name of the most incredible building Curro

has ever seen?

inside (prep) / n sa d/ innerhalb Inside the hotel, the temperature is always around -5ºC.

interior (n) / n t ri / Innenausstattung The interior of the hotel is designed by artists from allover the world.

journey (n) / ni / Reise Amy didn’t know that Ian had just started his journey from Sydney to London.

king (n) (TS) /k ŋ/ König The Alhambra Palace was built for the Moorish kings .

Labrador (n) / læbrəd / Labrador A Labrador is a type of large dog with short hair that is apopular pet.

location (n) /lə ke n / Standort The location of a building is the place or position whereit is built.

meet up (phr v) / mi t p/ sich treffen If two people decide to meet up , they arrange to seeeach other.

melt (away) (v) /melt (əwe)/ wegschmelzen In spring, the Ice Hotel melts away and disappears.

note (n) /nə t / Zettel; Notiz Laura released a balloon with her name and address anda note attached.



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outside (adv) / a t sa d/ draußen Outside , the temperature is -30ºC.

overlook (v) (TS) / ə və l k / überblicken; mit Blick auf The Alhambra is built on a hill overlooking the city ofGranada.

palace (n) (TS) / pæləs/ Palast The Alhambra is a beautiful palace in the south of Spain.

for pleasure / fə ple / aus Vergnügen If you do something for pleasure , you do it because youlike and enjoy it.

pretty (adj) / pr ti/ hübsch “That dress is very pretty .” “Yes, it’s absolutelygorgeous.”

reindeer skin (n) / re nd sk n/ Renntierhaut The beds in the Ice Hotel are covered with reindeerskins .

release (v) /r li s/ loslassen If you release a balloon, you let it go into the air.

reply (n) /r pla / Antwort The letter was a reply from another Laura Buxton.

ridiculous (adj) /r d kj l s / lächerlich £7,500 for a dress? That’s absolutely ridiculous .

shore (n) / / Ufer The hotel is situated on the shores of the Torne River.

be situated / bi s ue t d / sich be nden It ’s situated on the shores of the Torne River.

sleeping bag (n) / sli p ŋ bæg/ Schlafsack Guests at the hotel are given special arctic sleeping bags .

spring (n) /spr ŋ/ Frühling In spring , the Ice Hotel melts away.strange (adj) /stre n / seltsam Their daughter doesn’t look anything like them – that’s

very strange .

stunning (adj) / st n ŋ / atemberaubend Something that is stunning is very beautiful or spectacular.

style (n) /sta l/ Stil The style of the Alhambra is Moorish, or Islamic.

sweet (adj) /swi t/ süß “Look at that little girl – she’s very sweet .” “She’sabsolutely adorable.”

tasty (adj) / te sti/ schmackhaft Tasty food has a nice avour.

temperature (n) / tempr / Temperatur Today will start off cold, with temperatures of -13ºC.

unique (adj) / ju ni k / einmalig; einzigartig A place that is unique is the only one of its type.

visitor (n) / v z t / Besucher(in) The hotel is described by visitors as “absolutelystunning”.

Well, … (interjection) /wel/ Na ja … Can you imagine a hotel made entirely of ice? Well , itexists in Sweden, but only in winter.

well-known (adj) / wel nə n/ sehr bekannt Someone or something that is well-known is famous.

wherever (adv) (TS) /wer evə/ wo auch immer At the Alhambra, you can hear water running whereveryou go .



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have a rest / hæv ə rest/ eine Pause machen; You’ve worked hard – it’s time to have a rest .sich ausruhen

make a decision / me k ə d s n/ eine Entscheidung treffen It’s important to make a decision in the next few days.

make a living / me k ə l v ŋ/ seinen Lebensunterhalt It can be hard to make a living as an actor.verdienen

make mistakes / me k m ste ks/ Fehler machen Everyone makes mistakes when they’re learning alanguage.

make money / me k m ni/ Geld verdienen Do you agree that the only reason to get a job is to makemoney ?

make a promise / me k ə pr m s/ etwas versprechen You should never make a promise if you can’t keep it.

take a bus / te k ə b s/ mit dem Bus fahren “Do you walk to school?” “No, I take a bus .”

take an exam / te k ən g zæm/ eine Prüfung machen I’m taking my English exam in summer.

take a photo / te k ə fə tə / ein Foto machen The press shouldn’t take photos of famous peoplewithout their permission.

take responsibility / te k r sp ns b l ti / die Verantwortung You have to learn to take responsibility for your own life.übernehmen

take risks / te k r sks/ Risiken eingehen If you don’t take risks , you won’t succeed in life.

WEATHER DAS WETTERbreeze (n) / bri z/ Brise A breeze is a light wind.

breezy (adj) / bri zi/ windig It was quite breezy walking by the sea.

Celsius (n) / selsiəs/ Celsius The temperature is 20 degrees Celsius .

cloud (n) /kla d / Wolke Look at those clouds in the sky – I think it’s going to rain.

cloudy (adj) / kla di/ wolkig; bedeckt The weather tomorrow will be cloudy and dull.

cold (adj) /kə ld/ kalt Today will start off cold , with temperatures of -13ºC.

dark (adj) /d k / dunkel The sky often becomes very dark before a storm.

dry (adj) /dra / trocken If the weather is dry , it doesn’t rain.

dull (adj) /d l / trüb It was a dull , grey depressing day.

ne (adj) /fa n/ schön People feel happier when the weather is ne and sunny.

fog (n) /f g / Nebel We couldn’t see anything because of the fog .

foggy (adj) / f gi / nebelig Driving when it’s foggy can be dangerous.



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freeze (v) /fri z/ frieren If it freezes , water on the ground and on windows turnsto ice.

freezing (adj) / fri z ŋ/ eiskalt Freezing weather is weather that is very cold.

heat (n) /hi t/ Hitze Walking long distances in the heat can be tiring.

hot (adj) /h t / heiß It can be very hot here in the summer.

humid (adj) / hju m d/ feucht Humid weather is hot and wet in a way that makes youfeel uncomfortable.

humidity (n) /hju m d ti/ Luftfeuchtigheit British people are not used to high levels of humidity .

ice (n) /a s/ Eis The Ice Hotel in Sweden is made entirely of ice .

icy (adj) / a si/ eisig Tomorrow will be cold and icy, with temperatures of -13ºC.

minus 13/30 degrees / ma n s θ ti n/ θ ti minus 13/30 Grad Temperatures are expected to be minus 30 degrees.d gri z/

mist (n) /m st/ Nebel A mist is a very light fog.

misty (adj) / m sti/ nebelig Tomorrow will be a typical misty autumn day.

rain (n) /re n/ Regen If the weather is dry, there is no rain .

rain (v) /re n/ regnen Look at those clouds in the sky – I think it’s going to rain .

rainy (adj) / re ni/ regnerisch Rainy weather is wet and unpleasant.

shower (n) / a / Schauer A shower is a short period of rain.

showery (adj) / a ri / regnerisch When it is showery there are a lot of short periods of rain.

snow (n) /snə / Schnee We had a lot of snow last winter.

snow (v) /snə / schneien It’s very cold – I think it might snow .

storm (n) /st m/ Sturm When there is a storm , a lot of rain falls very quickly,often with strong winds.

stormy (adj) / st mi/ stürmisch Stormy weather can be dangerous for drivers.

sun (n) /s n / Sonne Most people like the sun .

sunny (adj) / s ni / sonnig The weather today will be warm and sunny .warm (adj) /w m/ warm The weather today will be warm and sunny.

wet (adj) /wet/ nass Rainy weather is wet and unpleasant.

wind (n) /w nd/ Wind Rain and strong winds make driving conditions dif cult.

windy (adj) / w ndi/ windig It was very windy walking by the sea.



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Review D (p.112)

albatross (n) / ælbə tr s/ Albatross An albatross is a very large white ocean bird with long,narrow wings.

approximately (adv) /ə pr ks mətli/ ungefähr Around 1.5 million wildebeest travel approximately 3,000 km around Tanzania and Kenya.

birthplace (n) / b θ ple s/ Geburtsort Female green turtles return to their birthplace every2 to 3 years to start a family.

come out (phr v) (TS) / k m a t / herauskommen Suddenly the rain stopped and the sun came out .

cover (v) / k v / zudecken Green turtles cover their eggs on the beach beforereturning to the water.

die (v) /da / sterben In spring Monarch butter ies travel back east, where theylay their eggs and die .

dish (n) /d / Schüssel Put the olive oil and garlic in the bottom of a dish .

x (v) /f ks/ reparieren The car broke down and we had to wait three days for itto be xed .

give birth / g v b θ/ ihre Jungen zu bekommen The humpback whales swim to warmer waters in winterto give birth .

green turtle (n) / gri n t tl/ grüne Wasserschildkröte Female green turtles return to their birthplace every2 to 3 years to start a family.

humpback whale (n) / h mpbæk we l/ Buckelwal Humpback whales are dark grey or black whales withlarge, round backs.

lay eggs / le egz/ Eier legen In spring the butter ies travel back east where they lay their eggs and die.

long-distance (adj) / l ŋ d st ns / Langstrecken- Humpback whales are experienced long-distance travellers.

olive oil (n) / l v l / Olivenöl Olive oil is a type of oil that is often used in cooking.

set off (phr v) / set f / losfahren We set off early in the morning and made good progress.

slow down (phr v) / slə da n / langsamer fahren/ gehen I should slow down . I’m always in a hurry.

turn back (phr v) / t n da n / umkehren The engine problems continued so we decided to turnback .

wildebeest (n) / w ld bi st/ Gnu A wildebeest is an African wild animal with curved horns.



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Grammar Extra

Unit 1 Fragen. Zusammenfassung der Zeitformen Fragen

Die normale Reihenfolge bei Fragen:

Yes/No Fragen und Kurzanworten

Bei Yes/No Fragen mit be setzen wir am/are/is/was/were vor das Subjekt.

‘ Is she tired?’ ‘Yes, she is.’ ‘ Were they late?’ ‘No, they weren’t.’ Bei Yes/No Fragen im einfachen Präsens ( present simple ) und in dereinfachen Vergangenheit ( past simple ) setzen wir do/does/did vor dasSubjekt.‘ Do you live here?’ ‘Yes, I do.’ ‘ Did Jim and his two sisters go to university?’‘No, they didn’t.’

Bei Yes/No Fragen mit anderen Verben setzen wir das Hilfsverb vor dasSubjekt.‘ Have you been to Oslo?’ ‘Yes, I have.’ ‘ Can she drive?’ ‘No, she can’t.’

Wh Fragen

Bei Fragen mit What, Where, How many , etc. ist die Reihenfolge die gleichewie bei Yes/No Fragen . Ein Fragewort steht am Anfang der Frage.Why is she tired? Where do you live? How many times have you been to Oslo?

Zusammenfassung der Zeitformen

Zeitform Anwendung Positiv Negativ Frage

Present Facts/habits/ He works . He doesn’t Does hesimple routines work . work ?

Past simple Completed She worked She didn’t Did sheaction at a yesterday. work work speci c past yesterday. yesterday?time

Present Activities in They ’re working They aren’t Are theycontinuous progress now now. working working

now. now?

Future (be) Future plans We ’re going to We aren’t Are wegoing to and intentions work tomorrow. going to going to

work work tomorrow. tomorrow?

Present Completed It ’s worked It hasn’t Has itperfect action in ‘time recently. worked worked

up to now’.’ recently. recently?

Fragewort (Hilfs) verb Subjekt — Is she happy?

— Have they left?

What does ‘niece’ mean?

Where are you going?

When did he graduate?



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Unit 2 Substantive und MengenangabenZählbare Substantive

Die meisten Substantive im Englischen sind zählbar. Sie haben eine Singular-und eine Pluralform.

Regelmäßige Formen

Unregelmäßige Formen

a or an ? Bei Substantiven im Singular verwenden wir a vor einemKonsonanten: a t own, a u niversity .

Vor einem Vokal verwenden wir an : an a irport, an o f ce.

Pluralformen Einige Substantive haben immer nur eine Plural- undkeine Singularform. Daher können wir weder a/an noch eine Zahl davorsetzen.I have some pink jeans. (NICHT I have a pink jeans.)

Einige der am häu gsten verwendeten Pluralformen: clothes, glasses, jeans,knickers, pants, pyjamas, scissors, shorts, sunglasses, tights, trousers .

Unzählbare Substantive

Einige Substantive im Englischen sind unzählbar. Sie haben nur eineSingularform. Auch hier können wir weder a/an noch eine Zahl davorsetzen.We had bad weather. (NOT We had a bad weather.)

Einige der am häu gsten verwendeten unzählbaren Substantiven: advice,architecture, food, furniture, homework, information, knowledge, love,money, music, news, trafc, transport, weather, work .

Mengenangaben

Hiermit können wir Mengen beschreiben ohne eine genauere Zahlanzugeben.

Bei zählbaren Substantiven: (only) a few / (far) too many / How many …?

Only a few people saw what happened.How many emails do you get every day?

Bei unzählbaren Substantiven: (only) a little / (far) too much / How much …? There’s a little wine left but no beer. How much homework do you get?

Bei zählbaren und unzählbaren Substantiven: a lot of / lots of / not …enoughShe has a lot of problems.He did n’t give me enough information.

too + much/many ((+ Substantiv) = zu viel oder mehr als notwendigI have too much work and not enough time.

Singular Plural Schreibweise

a place two place s Add s.

a church three church es Add es after ch, sh, s, x .

a city ten cit ies Add ies after a consonant + y .

a leaf ten thousand lea ves Add ves after vowel + v

Singular Plural

a person two people

a child two children

a man two men

a woman two women

a foot two feet

a tooth two teeth

!

!



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Unit 3 Vergangenheit (Einfache und Verlaufsformen)(Past simple und Past continuous)Teil 1: Einfache Vergangenheit (Past simple)

SCHREIBWEISE: REGELMÄßIGE VERBEN

Nach den meisten Verben ed/d hinzufügen: work – work ed , demonstrate– demonstrat edNach Konsonanten+ y das y streichen und ied hinzufügen: study – stud ied ,try – tr iedBei Verben, die mit einem Vokal + einem Konsonanten enden, einenKonsonanten + ed hinzufügen: stop – stop ped , plan – plan ned

Die zehn am häu gsten verwendeten unregelmäßigen Verben: 1 say – said 2 get – got 3 go – went 4 know – knew 5 think – thought 6 see – saw

7 make – made 8 come – came 9 take – took 10 give – gave

S. vollständige Liste der unregelmäßigen Verben auf Seite 159.

Wir verwenden das past simple hauptsächlich, um über vergangeneEreignisse und bereits stattgefunde Situationen zu sprechen. Es kommt inErzählungen und Geschichten oft vor.

Außer bei be gibt es für jedes Verb nur eine Form der einfachen

Vergangenheit.

Teil 2: Verlaufsform der Vergangenheit (Past continuous)

Schreibweise: ing Formen

Bei Verben, die mit e enden, das e streichen und ing hinzufügen: have– having ; make – mak ingBei Verben, die mit einem Vokal und einem Konsonanten enden, einenKonsonanten und ing hinzufügen: run – run ning ; stop – stop ping

Positiv Negativ Frage Kurzantwort Kurzantwort

Yes NoI/You/He/She/ I/You/He/She/ Did Yes, No,It/We/They It/We/They I/you/he/she/it/ I/you/he/ I/you/he/worked . didn´t (did we/they work ? she/it/we/ she/it/we/

not ) work . they did . they didn’t .

Positiv Negativ Frage Kurzantwort KurzantwortYes No

I/He/She/It I/He/She/It Was I/he/she/it Yes, I/he/she/ No, I/he/she/was tired. wasn’t (was tired? it was . it wasn’t .

not ) tired.

You/We/They You/We/They Were you/we/ Yes, you/we/ No, you/were tired. weren’t (were they tired? they were . we/they

not ) tired. weren’t .


I/He/She/It I/He/She/It Was I/he/she/it Yes, I/he/she/ No, I/he/she/was working . wasn’t (was tired? it was . it wasn’t .

not ) working .

You/We/They You/We/They Were you/we/ Yes, you/we/ No, you/were weren’t (were they tired? they were . we/theyworking . not ) working . weren’t .

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Wir verwenden die Verlaufsform der Vergangenheit ( past continuous ), umeine länger andauernde Handlung in der Vergangenheit zu beschreiben, dieam Ablaufen war, als andere Ereignisse stattfanden. Es bildet einen Kontrastzum past simple .I saw her when I was driving home. They were playing tennis when it

started raining.

Unit 4 VerbmusterEinfaches Präsens und Verlaufsform des Präsens (Presentsimple and Present continuous)Teil 1: Verbmuster– Verben mit zwei Objekten

Manche häu g verwendete Verben können zwei Objekte haben. DieReihenfolge im Satz kann variieren - es gibt zwei Möglichkeiten - aber dieBedeutung bleibt gleich. Am häu gsten ist die Reihenfolge Verb + Person + Gegenstand , insbesondere bei Objektpronomen ( me, you, him , etc.)

Häu g verwendete Verben nach dem Muster Verb + Gegenstand + to +personne : give, lend, offer, pass, read, send, show, teach, tell Häu g verwendete Verben nach dem Muster Verb + Gegenstand + for +Person : buy, nd, get, make

Bei bestimmten Verben verwenden wir nicht die Reihenfolge Verb +Person + Gegenstand : z.B. describe, explain, say or suggest .He explained the situation to me. (NICHT He explained me the situation.)She said hello to us. (NICHT She said us hello.)

Teil 2: Einfaches Präsens (Present simple) und Verlaufsform des Präsens(present continuous)

Schreibweise: 3. Person singular

Nach den meisten Verben s hinzufügen: : live – lives, play – play s, work – worksNach ch, sh, s, x es hinzufügen: watch – watch es , nish – nishesNach einem Konsonanten + y das y streichen und ies hinzufügen: study– stud iesUnregelmäßige Formen: do – does , go – goes , have – has

Wir verwenden das present simple , um über Dinge zu sprechen, die:• immer wahr sind. He looks like his father. Ice forms at 0 degrees.• regelmäßig oder immer wieder geschehen. He plays tennis on Friday. She

never gets up before 9.00 a.m.

Verlaufsform (Present continuous)

(Indirektes Objekt) (Direktes Objekt) (Indirektes Objekt) (Direktes Objekt) Verb + Person + Gegenstand = verb + Gegenstand + to/for +Person

I bought him a present. = I bought a present for him.

He lent her some money. = He lent some money to her.


I/You/We/ I/You/We/They Do I/you/we/they Yes, I/you/we/ No, I/you/They work . don´t (do not ) work? they do . we/they

work . don’t .

He/She/It He/She/It Does he/she/it Yes, he/she/ No, he/she/works . doesn´t (does work? it does . it doesn’t .

not ) work .


I’m (am) I’m not (am Am I working ? Yes, I am . No, I’m not .working. not ) working.

You/We/ You/We/They Are you/we/they Yes, you/we/ No, you/we/They’re (are) aren’t (are not ) working ? they are . they aren’t .working . working .

He/She/It’s He/She/It isn’t Is he/she/it Yes, he/she/ No, he/she/(is) working . (is not ) working ? it is. it isn’t .

working.

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Schreibweise: ing Formen

Bei Verben, die mit e enden, das e streichen und ing hinzufügen: have– having , make – mak ingBei Verben, die mit einem Vokal und einem Konsonanten enden, einenKonsonanten und ing hinzufügen: run – run ning , stop – stop ping

Wir verwenden die Verlaufsform ( present continuous ), um über Handlungenzu sprechen, die:• gerade statt nden, während wir sprechen. ‘What are you doing?’ ‘I’m

writing an email.’ • im Allgemeinen in dem Zeitraum statt nden, in dem wir unsere Aussage

machen. Cars are getting cheaper, but house prices are going up.

Unit 5 Komparativ- und Superlativformen der Adjektive.Verben mit Präpositionen“Phrasal verbs”Teil 1: Komparativ- und Superlativformen der Adjektive

Wir verwenden die Komparativform des Adjektivs, um Personen oderGegenstände mit anderen Personen oder Gegenständen zu vergleichen.David Beckham is older than Thierry Henry

Wir verwenden a bit oder much , um Vergleiche zu ergänzen.Wembley Stadium is a bit bigger than the Stade de France. Cristiano Ronaldo is much better-looking than Wayne Rooney.

Wir verwenden not as + Adjektiv + as, um negative Vergleiche zu bilden.Golf is not as dangerous as motor racing .

Wir verwenden die Superlativform von Adjektiven, um Personen oderGegenstände mit allen anderen Personen oder Gegenständen in ihrerGruppe zu vergleichen.Mohamed Ali was the greatest sportsman of all time.Football is the most popular sport in the world.

Teil 2: Verben mit Präpositionen (Phrasal verbs)

Der Ausdruck ‘phrasal verb’ bezieht sich normalerweise auf alle Verb+ Partikel Zusammensetzungen. Diese können in drei Gruppen oderBasistypen aufgeteilt werden.

1 Verb + Partikel/Präposition (INTRANSITIV)Einige Zusammensetzungen sind intransitiv und haben kein direktes Objekt.Sit down and enjoy it.When are you going to grow up ?

2 Verb + Objekt + Partikel/Präposition (TRANSITIV – TRENNBAR)Die Verben in dieser größten Gruppe der phrasal verbs sind transitiv. Wenndas direkte Objekt ein Substantiv ist, können wir es entweder vor oder nachdem Partikel/der Präposition setzen.Take off your shoes. OR Take your shoes off .

Kurze Adjektive: er/esthinzufügen

Adjektive, die mit einemKonsonanten oder e enden

Adjektive, die mit einemeinzelnen Vokal + einemeinzelnen Konsonanten enden

Adjektive, die mit y enden

Unregelmäßige Adjektive

Lange Adjektive: more /the most hinzufügen

Adjektive

new nic e

t

healthy

good bad far

exciting

Komparativ

newer nic er

Fitter

Health ier

better worsefurther

more exciting

Superlativ

the new est the nic est

the t test

the health iest

the best theworst thefurthest

the most exciting



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Wenn das direkte Objekt ein Pronomen ist, müssen wir es zwischen Verbund Partikel/Präposition setzen.Switch it off , please. ( NOT Switch off it.)

3 Verb + Partikel/Präposition + Objekt (TRANSITIV – NICHT TRENNBAR)In Zusammensetzungen aus dieser Gruppe der phrasal verbs , setzen wir dasdirekte Objekt (Substantiv oder Pronomen) immer nach dem Partikel/derPräposition.She looks after her grandmother.I ran after the bus, but it didn’t stop.

Unit 6 Erlaubnis und Verpichtung (Präsens) (Permissionand obligation (present).Das Perfekt/die vollendete Gegenwart (Present perfectsimple)Teil 1: can (Erlaubnis); have to (Verpichtung)

Wir können can und can’t verwenden, um über Erlaubnis zu sprechen:• can bedeutet, dass etwas erlaubt wird: es ist OK.• can’t bedeutet, dass etwas nicht erlaubt wird: es ist nicht OK.In the UK, you can leave school when you are 16. You can’t vote until youare 18.

Wir verwenden have to / don’t have to , um über Notwendigkeit oderVerp ichtung zu sprechen:• have to bedeutet, dass etwas notwendig ist oder zur P icht gehört.• don’t have to bedeutet, dass etwas nicht notwendig ist oder nicht zur

P icht gehört.In the UK, you have to drive on the left. You don’t have to wear a helmeton a bicycle.

Teil 2: Das einfache Perfekt (Present perfect simple)

S. Liste der Unregelmäßigen Verben auf Seite 159.Wir verwenden das present perfect , um über Handlungen zu sprechen,die in der Vergangenheit stattgefunden haben bzw. in einem Zeitraumvollendet worden sind, der bis in die Gegenwart gedauert hat. DerZeitpunkt ist uns dabei nicht wichtig.


I/You/He, etc . I/You/He etc . Can I/you/he, etc . Yes, I/you/he, No, I/you/can work . can’t (cannot ) work ? etc . can. he, etc .

work . can’t .


I/You/We/ I/You/We/They Do I/you/we/they Yes, I/you/we/ No, I/you/They have to don’t have to have to work ? they do . we/they work . worked . don’t .

He/She/It has He/She/It Does he/she/it Yes, he/she/ No, he/she/to work . doesn’t have have to work ? it does . it doesn’t .

to work .


I/You/We/ I/You/We/They Have I/you/we/ Yes, I/you/we/ No, I/you/They’ve (have ) haven’t (have they worked ? they have . we/theyworked . not ) worked . haven’t .

He/She/It’s He/She/It hasn’t Has he/she/it Yes, he/she/ No, he/she/(has ) worked . (has not ) worked ? it has . it hasn’t .

worked.



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Der Zeitraum Vergangenheit bis in die Gegenwart (jetzt)

Die Vergangenheit Jetzt

W I’ve done a lot of silly things in my life. V

Häu g verwendete Ausdrücke, die den Zeitraum “bis jetzt” beschreiben:today, this week, recently, never, over the years . Mit diesen Zeitausdrückenverwenden wir normalerweise das present perfect .My brother has never been to a pop concert.I haven’t seen any good lms recently .

been been ist das Vergangenheitspartizip von be , aber wir können esauch als das Vergangenheitspartizip von go verwenden.Vergleichen wir folgende Beispiele:• He’s been to Rome . = He went and came back.• He’s gone to Rome . = He went and is in Rome now.

‘Vollendete’ Zeit Die Vergangenheit Jetzt

•

I did a lot of silly things when I was at university .

Häu g verwendete Ausdrücke, um einen Zeitpunkt oder einen Zeitraum inder Vergangenheit zu beschreiben, die damals bereits zu Ende d.h. vollendetwar: yesterday, last month, when I was a student, in 1990, a few minutesago . Mit diesen Zeitausdrücken verwenden wir die einfache Vergangenheit( past simple ) .She called you a few minutes ago . I didn’t go to the mountains last

summer .

Unit 7 Dynamisch oder statisch: unterschiedlicheBedeutungen von VerbenFormen der Zukunft (Futurformen) (Dynamic and stativemeanings. Future forms)Teil 1: Dynamische und statische Bedeutung

Dynamische Bedeutungen: ‘Handlungen’Die meisten Verben haben eine dynamische Bedeutung. Sie beschreibenHandlungen: etwas geschieht. Wir können sie in ihrer einfachen Formverwenden, um über Gewohnheiten oder Routinen zu sprechen, oder inihrer Verlaufsform, um über Ereignisse oder Handlungen zu sprechen, diegerade statt nden.I recycle all paper, plastic and bottles. We ’re destroying the planet. The

phone is ringing .

Statische Bedeutungen: ‘Zustände’Einige Verben, die Wissen, Emotionen oder Besitz beschreiben, haben einestatische Bedeutung. Sie beschreiben Zustände: Es geschieht nichts. Siehaben deshalb keine Verlaufsform.I want a fairer system. I don’t feel strongly about politics.

Häug verwendete Verben mit einer statischen Bedeutung:• Gefühle: hate, like, love, prefer, want. • Gedanken: believe, feel, know, think, understand.• Besitz: belong, have, own. • Sinnen: feel, hear, see, smell, sound, taste.• Aussehen: appear, look (like), seem.

Einige Verben können sowohl eine dynamische als auch eine statische

Bedeutung haben.:Rosie is having a great time at university. (have = dynamische Bedeutung) Brian has a beautiful house. (have = statische Bedeutung)

X

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Wir können can/could verwenden, um über Erlaubnis zu sprechen. could istdie Vergangenheitsform von can .When I was fourteen I could stay out as long as I wanted. Swiss womencouldn’t vote in elections until 1971.

Wir können have to / had to verwenden, um über Notwendigkeiten oder

Verp ichtungen zu sprechen. had to ist die Vergangenheitsform von haveto .I had to wear a uniform at school. In the 1960s you didn’t have to wear ahelmet on a motorbike.

Part 2: must und should (Rat geben)

Wir können must und should verwenden, um jemandem einen Rat zugeben. Must ist starker als should .You must lose weight (oder Sie werden sterben)! You should lose weight (weil Sie sich dann besser fühlen).

Unit 9 for und since . Das Perfekt: einfache Form undVerlaufsform (Present perfect simple and continuous)for und since

for + Zeitraum’ und since + ‘Zeitpunkt’ bilden zwei Möglichkeiten, dengleichen Gedanken auszudrücken.

for + ‘Zeitraum’ und since + ‘Zeitpunkt’ bilden zwei Möglichkeiten,den gleichen Gedanken auszudrücken. Wir verwenden for, wenn wirdie Zeitdauer angeben: for a few days / for three years / for ages . Wirverwenden since , wenn wir den Zeitpunkt (den Anfangspunkt) angeben:

since Monday / since I left school / since 1997 .

Das Perfekt: einfache und Verlaufsform

S. auch die Liste Unregelmäßige Verben auf Seite 159.

Die Verlaufsform ( present perfect continuous ) verwenden wir

normalerweise, um die Dauer einer fortlaufenden oder wiederholtenHandlung zu beschreiben, die in der Vergangehiet angefangen hat und bisin die Gegenwart noch andauert.We ’ve been studying Greek for ten years.She ’s been going to the same hairdresser since the 1990s.


I/You/He, etc . I/You/He, etc. Must I/you/he, etc . Yes, I/you/he, No, I/you/must work . mustn’t (must work? etc . must . he, etc .

not ) work. mustn’t .

I/You/He, etc . I/You/He, etc . Should I/you/he, Yes, I/you/he, No, I/you/should work . shouldn’t etc . work ? etc . should . he, etc .(should not ) shouldn’t .work .


I/You/We/ I/You/We/They Have I/you/we/ Yes, I/you/we/ No, I/you/They’ve (have ) haven’t (have they worked ? they have . we/theybeen working . not ) been haven’t .

working .

He/She/It’s He/She/It hasn’t Has he/she/it Yes, he/she/ No, he/she/(has ) been (has not ) been been working ? it has . it hasn’t .working . working .


I/You/We/ I/You/We/They Have I/you/we/ Yes, I/you/we/ No, I/you/They’ve (have ) haven’t (have they worked ? they have . we/theyworked. not ) worked . haven’t .

He/She/It’s He/She/It hasn’t Has he/she/it Yes, he/she/ No, he/she/(has ) worked . (has not ) worked ? it has . it hasn’t .

worked .



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Unit 11 Bestimmende Relativsätze (Dening relativeclauses). Konditionalsätze II (Unreal conditionals)Teil 1: Bestimmende Relativsätze

Ein Relativsatz de niert oder identi ziert den Gegenstand oder die Person,der oder die im Hauptsatz erwähnt wurde. Er folgt unmittelbar nach der

Person oder dem Gegenstand, die oder den er beschreibt. . A cheetah is an animal that can run at 100 kilometres an hour . The womanwho does my hair is called Muriel.

Das Relativpronomen ( that, which, who ) wird zum Subjekt des Verbs imRelativsatz. Wir verwenden that (oder which ) für Gegenstände und who (oder that ) für Personen.

Subjekt Verb

People who come from Manchester are called Mancunians.

Subjekt Verb

A butcher’s is a shop that sells meat .

Teil 2: Konditionalsätze II (Unreal conditionals)

Wir können einen Konditionalsatz (Bedingungssatz) verwenden, um übereine gegenwärtige (oder zukünftige) Situation zu sprechen, die nichtwirklich oder unwahrscheinlich ist. Diese Sätze nennen wir normalerweise„unwirkliche Konditionalsätze“. Sie enthalten einen Hauptsatz und einenNebensatz – den “if-clause“.

if -clause (Nebensatz)Um zu zeigen, dass eine gegenwärtige (oder zukünftige) Situation imaginär

ist, verwenden wir eine Vergangenheitsform des Verbs.

*Anmerkung: If I/he/she/it were ist formeller als If I/he/she/it was . Wirverwenden immer were in der festen Redewendung If I were you …

HauptsatzNormalerweise verwenden wir would + In nitiv im Hauptsatz.

Unit 12 Plusquamperfekt/Vorvergangenheit (Past perfect).Formen des Passivs (Passives)Teil 1: Vorvergangenheit (Past perfect)

S. auch die Liste Unregelmäßige Verben auf Seite 159.

Wir verwenden die Vorvergangenheitssform des Verbs ( past perfect ),wenn wir über die Vergangenheit sprechen und auf eine noch frühere Zeithinweisen möchten. Das past perfect zeigt uns deutlich, dass eine Handlungin der Vergangenheit früher als andere stattgefunden hat.

Wirkliche Situation Imaginäre Situation

I am not an animal. • If I was/were an animal, …*

I live in an apartment • If I lived in an igloo, …

if -Nebensatz Hauptsatz

If I had $1million, I’d travel round the world.

If I could live anywhere I’d choose somewhere hot.

I/You/He, etc . I/You/He, etc . Would I/you/he, Yes, I/you/he, No, I/you/’d (would ) wouldn’t etc . work ? etc . would . he, etc .work . (would not ) wouldn’t .

work .


I/You/He, etc . I/You/He, etc . Had I/you/he, etc . Yes, I/you/he, No, I/you/’d (had ) hadn’t (had worked ? etc . had . he, etc .worked . not ) worked . hadn’t .



Y YI ’d had breakfast when I got to work this morning.

Earlier past Past Now

Teil 2: Formen des Passivs (Passives)

In passiven Sätzen wird das Objekt des aktiven Verbs zum Subjekt despassiven Verbs.

Aktiv Passiv Subjekt Verb Objekt Subjekt Verb Somebody built the rst Ice Hotel The rst Ice Hotel was built in 1990.in 1990.

Wir können passive Verbformen verwenden, um Handlungen zubeschreiben, bei denen es unwichtig ist, wer sie ausgeführt hat oder wennman den “Täter” nicht kennt.My shoes were designed in Italy. All the furniture is made of ice.


They’re made They aren’t Are they made in Yes, they are . No, theyin China. made in China. China? aren’t .

It was built It wasn’t built Was it built in Yes, it was . No, itin 1963. in 1963. 1963? wasn’t .

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