SEMINAR ON STRUCTURE OF ANTIBODY

PRESENTED BYPREETI MADHARIAM.Sc. PREVIOUS (BIOTECHNOLOGY)

CONTENTSINTRODUCTION

HISTORY

PROPERTIES OF ANTIBODY

ENZYMATIC EXPERIMENTS WITH ANTIBODY

STRUCTURE OF ANTIBODY

TYPES OF ANTIBODY

FUNCTIONS OF ANTIBODY

CONCLUSION

REFERENCES

INTRODUCTION

Antibodies are the antigens binding proteins present on B cell membrane and secreted by plasma cells.

Antibodies are active serum proteins formed in response to an antigen and react specifically with that antigen.

HISTORY Antibodies were contained in particular serum protein fractions came from a classic experiment by A.Tiselius and E.A. Kabat in 1939.

Rodney Porter in 1962 proposed the basic structure of antibody.

PROPERTIES OF ANTIBODY

Antibody is a glycoprotein.

Antibody is a “Y” shaped molecules.

Antibody is made up of four polypeptide chain.

Antibody is heterodimeric structure.

All antibodies are immunoglobulin's ,but all immunoglobulin's may not be antibodies.

Antibodies contain disulphide bonds.

ENZYMATIC EXPERIMENT WITH ANTIBODY

B- marcaptoethanol

STRUCTURE OF ANTIBODY

Hinge region

Antibody Domains

VH

VC

Fab

FcDisulphideBond

VC

TYPES OF ANTIBODY

(PENTAMER)

(DIMER)

(MONOMER)(MONOMER)

(MONOMER)

Light chain

Heavy chain

IgG

IgG1

IgG2

IgG3

IgG4

TYPES OF I Gg

FUNCTIONS OF ANTIBODIES

The main function of antibody is protect the body against antigen.

The protective role is carried out into different ways-1. By Direct :- a) Precipitation : - Antibody combines with soluble antigens and form a lattice is known as precipitation reaction. b) Agglutination :- The interaction between antibody and a particulate antigens result in visible clumping is known as agglutination. c) Opsonisation :- A process by which Phagocytotic cell is facilated by deposition of opsonin is known as opsonisation.

2. By Indirect :- a) Activation of complement system :- Complement is a set of plasma protein that is activated by binding antigens. b) Antibody dependent cell mediated cytotoxicity(ADCC):- It is a form of lymphocytes mediated cytotoxicity in which an effector kills an antibody coated target cell.

CONCLUSION

Antibody is a glycoproteins which helps to immune system. It has an antigen binding site through which it is attached to the foreign particles or antigens like bacteria, viruses etc and degrade them.

REFERENCES

Kuby J. Antibodies: Structure and functions (pg. 76-101) Immunology 5th ed.

Fatima D. Immunoglobulins (pg.81-99), Saras publication

Websites: www.qwickstep.com www.biochemistry4all.com www.dels-old.nas.edu www.medicine.virginia.edu www.goodpsych.com

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