prelims prelude international relations prelude internatio… · 5. african continental free trade...

Prelims Prelude International Relations 1

PrelimsPreludeInternationalRelations

Last LapRevision forPrelims 2020


As you gear up for the last lap of preparation for Civil Service Prelims 2020, Fortune IAS Academy has pre-pared a revision checklist under the title Prelims Prelude. It has been pre-pared after diligently analyzing the trend of past 9 years’ question papers. Prelims Prelude will ensure that you have not missed out on the most im-portant topics-both static as well as current issues. Your thumbrule for the last lap of prelims preparation should be revision rather than new informa-tion.

Preface


No. Topics

2019

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2013

2012

2011

1 India-Neighborhood Relations - - - 1 - - - - -

2 Bilateral Relations 1 - 1 1 - - - - -

3 Regional Organisations 2 - 2 1 3 1 - - -

4 Global Organisations 1 3 1 2 1 1 - - -

5 International Issues - 2 - 1 1 1 - - 1

6 Nuclear Disarmament - 1 1 - 1 - - - 2

7 India’s Foreign Policy - - - - - - - - 1

Total 4 6 5 6 6 3 - - 4

Topic Wise Analysis


• IR is largely a dynamic topic. Around 3 to 5 questions are asked every year. Rather than studying every international issue, a prag-matic approach would be to emphasize those issues in which India have a stake.

Basic Approach


1. India-Nepal

a. Narsahi-Susta territorial dispute in Bihar.

b. Motihari-Amlekhgunj oil pipeline (first transnational petroleum pipeline from India, first South Asian oil pipeline corridor and first oil pipeline in Nepal.)

c. Trans-Himalayan Multidimensional Connectivity Net-work (Economic Corridor between Nepal and China and part of China’s Belt and Road Initiative.)

2. India-China

a. Mamallapuram Summit (second informal summit): [Chennai Connect, Sister-state relationship (to pro-mote cultural and commercial ties): Tamil Nadu and Fujian Province]

Mamallapuram and the Pallava dynasty are also historically relevant, for the earliest recorded security pact between China and India (in the early 8th century) that in-volved a Pallava king (Rajasimhan, or Narasimha Varma II), from whom the Chinese sought help to counter Tibet.

India-Neighbour-

hood Relations

b. Economy: (Bilateral trade between India and China stood at $87 billion in 2018-19, India’s second-larg-est trading partner after the USA; India has a trade deficit with China)

c. Strategic Economic Dialogue (Bilateral dialogue platform between the planning bodies of India and China started in 2010)

3. India-Sri Lanka

a. Trincomalee port (Colomba)

4. India-Maldives

a. India’s High Impact Community Development Scheme (HICDP)

b. Addu atoll (Seenu Atoll)


5. India-Myanmar

a. Kaladan Project

b. Free Movement Regime (FMR)

6. India-Bangladesh

a. Feni River (India-Bangladesh border, originates in the South Tripura)

b. Chattogram and Mongla Ports

1. Kalapani Territorial dispute, Treaty of Sugauli

2. Border Dispute: (Line of Actual Control (LAC), McMahon Line, Aksai Chin Pangong Tso lake (saltwater lake), Nathula Pass, Naku La sector

3. Operation Sunrise

HotTopi

cs

Regarding Regional organisations and International or-ganisations, the emphasis need to be given to

1. Date of formation

2. Objective of the organisation

3. India’s membership status

4. Other member countries

5. Headquarters

6. Timeline of the events (for eg: where the last confer-ence held)

1. RCEP (Member countries, India has dropped out)

2. East Asia Summit

3. Mekong- Ganga Cooperation

4. Eurasian Economic Union (2015) (Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Russia)

Regional Or-ganisations


1. India-UN Development Partnership Fund (2017) :[within the United Nations Fund for South-South Cooperation (UNOSSC)]

2. Eastern Economic Forum

3. United Nation Security Council

Global Organisations

5. African Continental Free Trade Agreement (world’s largest FTA)

6. QUAD [Strategic dialogue between the United States, Japan, Australia and India, held at the foreign minister’s level for the first time]

7. Conference on Interaction and Confidence Building Measures in Asia (CICA): India founding member

8. Regional Cooperation Agreement on Combating Pi-racy and Armed Robbery against Ships in Asia (Re-CAAP):

9. Information Fusion Centre-Indian Ocean Region (IFC-IOR)

10. Forum for India-Pacific Islands cooperation (FIPIC)

11. Regional Integrated Multi-Hazard Early Warning System for Africa and Asia (RIMES): (Odisha Govern-ment in June 2018 signed an MoU with the RIMES)

12. Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO): [Bishkek Declaration]

1. Indian Ocean Commission (India Observer state)

2. Blue Dot Network

3. Caribbean Community (CARICOM): (1st In-dia-Caricom leaders’ summit)

HotTopi

cs


a. Uniting for Consensus (UfC)/ Coffee Club

b. UN Security Council 1267 Committee

4. UN Human Rights Council (UNHRC): [2006, USA withdrew]

5. UN Women

6. UNICEF:

(YuWaah-Generation Unlimited Initiative)

7. United Nations World Food Programme (WFP): (‘Feed Our Future’ Campaign)

8. UN Convention against Torture

9. The United Nations Office of Drugs and Crime (UN-ODC): (PEN Online system)

10. International Court of Justice (ICJ), International Criminal Court (ICC), Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA): [Rome Statute]

11. WIPO: (Patent Information Initiative for Medicines (Pat-INFORMED))

12. International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO)

13. Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC): [Ecuador, Qatar and Indonesia withdrew its membership, OPEC+ (non-OPEC countries which export crude oil)]

14. Commonwealth: [Maldives rejoined]

15. Arctic Council

16. Organisation of Islamic Cooperation

17. European Union (EU): (first multilateral bloc to de-clare a climate emergency, European Green Deal)

18. International Energy Agency (IEA)

19. Interpol: (7 types of notices)

20. International Transport Forum:

(OECD, Only global body with a mandate for all modes of transport.)

21. International Council on Monuments and Sites


1. G-7: [Russia was expelled as a member in 2014]

2. WTO: (Multi-party Interim Appeal Arbitration Arrangement (MPIA))

3. COP 14 of UNCCD: (Drought Toolbox, Interna-tional coalition for action on Sand and Dust storms (SDS), Initiative of Sustainability, Sta-bility and Security (3S), Peace Forest Initiative (PFI).)

4. G-20: [Osaka track on Digital economy (India boycotted), India to host the G-20 Summit for the first time in 2022]

5. Financial Action Task Force: Pakistan in grey list and North Korea, Iran in Black list; Money Laun-dering and the Illegal Wildlife Trade report.

HotTopi

cs

1. India-USA

a. Asia Reassurance Initiative Act (ARIA)

b. Industrial Security Annex (exchange of classified military information)

c. Defence Technologies and Trade Initiative (DTTI)

d. Young Innovators Internship Programme (YIIP)

e. NATO Ally like Status to India

f. The USA removed India from its list of developing countries.

g. United States Commission on International Reli-gious Freedom (USCIRF): raised concern about the passage of the Citizenship (Amendment) Bill

h. “Four Foundational Agreements” between the US and its Partners

i. General Security Of Military Information Agreement (GSOMIA): [It allows militaries to share the intelli-

Bilateral Relations


gence, India signed in 2002]

ii. Logistics Exchange Memorandum of Agreement (LEMOA): [allows to have access to each other’s des-ignated military facilities, India signed in 2016]

iii. Communications and Information Security Memo-randum of Agreement (CISMOA): [aims to provide a legal framework for the transfer of highly sensitive communication security equipment from the US to India, India signed in 2018]

iv. Basic Exchange and Cooperation Agreement (BECA): [allow to share geospatial and satellite data with each other, India not signed]

Mutual Logistics Support Agreement: Indian to now seek access to the French naval base in Djibouti.

2. India-South Korea

a. Naval logistics sharing pact

b. New Southern Policy

3. India-Japan

a. Ahmedabad-Kobe Sister City Partnership

b. 2+2 ministerial dialogue

c. Mumbai to Ahmedabad High-Speed Rail (MAHSR) Project

d. Patent Prosecution Highway programme

4. India-Russia

a. Strategic Economic Dialogue (first in St. Petersburg in 2018)

b. Power of Siberia (China and Russia)

5. India- Saudi Arabia

a. Strategic Partnership Council

b. Vision 2030 (India is a strategic Partner under it)


1. Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA)/Iran deal: between Iran and six world countries - US, Chi-na, Russia, Britain, France and Germany, plus the EU (i.e. P5+Germany+EU) signed in 2015.

2. Christchurch Call to Action: by France and New Zea-land to combat online extremism and secure the In-ternet. India is a signatory.

3. US-Taliban peace talks in Doha

4. West Asia Peace Plan, Peace to Prosperity: A Vision to Improve the Lives of the Palestinian and Israeli People by the USA.

5. Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations, 1961 and Vienna Convention on Consular Relations, 1963: [India party to both]

6. Brexit: Lisbon Treaty, the UK became the first state to leave the EU.

7. Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) summit at Baku in Azerbaijan: PM skipped the summit

8. International Charter ‘Space and Major Disasters’: by the European Space Agency and the French space agency CNES

9. Kimberley Process

10. African Union: Sirte declaration

11. National Strategy for Wellbeing 2031 (UAE)

12. Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD): on Nile River

13. Spotlight Initiative (European Union and the United Nations)

14. Ashgabat Agreement

15. Five Eyes:

(Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the United King-dom and the United States)

16. Russian led resolution on Cybercrime to set up new cyber norms

17. Budapest convention

International Issues


1. United Nations Convention on International Settlement Agreements (UNISA): (Singapore Convention on Mediation)

2. Instrument In Support Of Trade Exchanges (IN-STEX): by France, Germany and the United King-dom to allow European entities to maintain trade with Iran. Belgium, Denmark, Finland, the Netherlands, Norway and Sweden have recently joined INSTEX.

3. Sovereign Internet bill by Russia

4. UNEP Colombo declaration

HotTopi

cs

1. Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organi-zation (CTBTO): (Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT) India, North Korea and Pakistan have not yet signed the Treaty, International Monitoring System (IMS))

2. Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons (TPNW)

3. Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT)

4. International Convention for the Suppression of Acts of Nuclear Terrorism (ICSANT): (New treaty add-ed to the schedule of the UAPA Act)

5. New START treaty: between the United States and Russia

Nucleardisarmament

1. Reciprocating territory: UAE

2. No First Use Doctrine

3. New and Emerging Strategic Technologies (NEST) Division in Ministry of External Affairs

4. Social Security Agreements ( recently between India and Brazil)

India’sForeign Policy


1. Wuhan, Hubei Province, Yangtze and Han rivers (China)

2. Italy (Adriatic Sea, Ionian Sea, Tyrrhenian Sea, St of Bonifacio)

3. Bhashan Char Island/Thengar Char Island: [on the mouth of river Meghna]

4. Danakil Depression

5. Vladivostok (Russia)

6. Idlib (Syria)

7. Khurais Oil field (Saudi Arabia)

8. Duqm (Oman)

9. Baku (Azerbaijan)

10. Venezuela

11. Guam Island (Pacific Ocean)

12. Piram Island (Indian Ocean)

13. South Sudan (Nuer and Dinka communities)

14. Luxembourg (the first country to make public trans-port free)

15. Ghumar

16. Al-Baqoura

17. Kajin Sara Lake (Nepal)

18. Tilicho Lake (Nepal)

19. Thwaites (Antarctica)

20. Okjokull (Iceland)

21. Apusiajik (Greenland)

Regions/ Places

mentioned in the news


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