PRELUDE TO WORLD WAR II:THE RISE OF DICTATORS & MILITARISTS

LT:  I  WILL  EXAMINE  HOW  THE  RISE  OF  DICTATORS  &  MILITARISTS  AFTER  WORLD  WAR  I    DRAMATICALLY  ALTERED  GOLBAL  EVENTS  ON  THE  ROAD  TO  WAR

In  the  years  following  the  end  of  World  War  I,  dictators  &  militants  rose  to  power  in  a  number  of  key  countries  around  the  world.  

In  Germany,  Italy,  Russia,  Spain,  &  Japan  these  movements  were  fueled  by  economic  uncertainty  &  inflamed  nationalism.  Although  differing  in  many  

ways,  some  form  of  totalitarian  dictatorship  came  to  power  in  each  of  these  

THE RISE OFDICTATORS & MILITARISTS

TOTALITARIAN  STATES CHARACTERISTICS  OF  TOTALITARIANISM

DICTATORS  GLORIFIED  VIOLENCE  &  OBEDIENCE  TOLEADERS,  COUPLED  WITH  EXTREME  NATIONALISM1 1LT:  I  WILL  EXAMINE  HOW  THE  RISE  OF  DICTATORS  &  MILITARISTS  AFTER  W.W.I    DRAMATICALLY  ALTERED  GOLBAL  EVENTS  ON  THE  ROAD  TO  WAR

STALIN CREATES A TOTALITARIANDICTATORSHIP IN THE SOVIET UNION

In  1917,  the  Russian  Revolution  overthrew  Czar  Nicholas  II. Soon  afterward,  the  Communist  Party,  led  by  Vladimir  Lenin,  established  itself  as  the  sole  authority  in  the  country. In  1922,  the  communists  formed  the  

Union  of  Soviet  Socialist  Republics  (USSR),  commonly  known  as  the  Soviet  Union. After  Lenin's  death  in  1924,  Joseph  Stalin  plotted  his  way  to  power. By  the  early  1930s,  Stalin  had  established  a  totalitarian  dictatorship.

Totalitarianism is  a  system  in  which  the  government  totally  controls  all  aspects  of  a  society,  including  the  economy.

BUILDING  A  TOTALITARIAN  STATE

2 2LT:  I  WILL  EXAMINE  THE  RISE  OF  JOSEPH  STALIN  &  ASSESS  HOW  HE  CREATED  A  COMMUNIST  DICTATORSHIP  IN  THE  SOVIET  UNION

1)  Describe  the  economic  plan  Stalin  implemented  in  the  Soviet  Union  after  coming  to  power.  What  were  

some  of  the  main  results  of  his  policies?

JOSEPH  STALIN  TRANSFORMS

THE  SOVIET  UNION

3 3LT:  I  WILL  EXAMINE  THE  RISE  OF  JOSEPH  STALIN  &  ASSESS  HOW  HE  CREATED  A  COMMUNIST  DICTATORSHIP  IN  THE  SOVIET  UNION

THE GREAT PURGE2)  Describe  2  tactics  used  by  Stalin  &  his  communist  government  in  

order  to  maintain  power  in  the  Soviet  Union.  What  was  the  Great  Purge?

4 4LT:  I  WILL  EXAMINE  THE  RISE  OF  JOSEPH  STALIN  &  ASSESS  HOW  HE  CREATED  A  COMMUNIST  DICTATORSHIP  IN  THE  SOVIET  UNION

BENITO MUSSOLINI ESTABLISHES A FASCIST DICTATORSHIP IN ITALY

5 5LT:  I  WILL  EXAMINE  THE  RISE  OF  BENITO  MUSSOLINI  IN  ITALY  &  ASSESS  HOW  HE  CREATED  A  FASCIST  DICTATORSHIP  IN  ITALY

Serious  problems  plagued  Italy  after  the  First  World  War. Inflation  &  labor  strikes  hurt  the  Italian  economy,  &  communists  threatened  to  take  over  the  democratic  government. In  addition,  Italians  felt  insulted  by  the  

Versailles  Treaty,  because  its  grant  of  territory  to  Italy  fell  far  short  of  their  expectations. Benito  Mussolini,  a  veteran  of  the  war,  took  advantage  of  conditions  in  Italy  to  emerge  as  a  national  figure  &  eventually  form  a  dictatorship.

POSTWAR PROBLEMSPLAGUE ITALY

POSTWAR  PROBLEMS  IN  ITALY BENITO  MUSSOLINI

6 6LT:  I  WILL  EXAMINE  THE  RISE  OF  BENITO  MUSSOLINI  IN  ITALY  &  ASSESS  HOW  HE  CREATED  A  FASCIST  DICTATORSHIP  IN  ITALY

3)  Describe  the  political  movement  that  Mussolini  organized  in  1919.  Describe  at  least  3  important  characteristics  of  this  political  movement.

THE RISE OF BENITO MUSSOLINI

MUSSOLINI  &  ITALY

7 7LT:  I  WILL  EXAMINE  THE  RISE  OF  BENITO  MUSSOLINI  IN  ITALY  &  ASSESS  HOW  HE  CREATED  A  FASCIST  DICTATORSHIP  IN  ITALY

DEFINING CHARACTERISTICS OF FASCISM

8 8LT:  I  WILL  EXAMINE  THE  RISE  OF  BENITO  MUSSOLINI  IN  ITALY  &  ASSESS  HOW  HE  CREATED  A  FASCIST  DICTATORSHIP  IN  ITALY

THE  14  DEFINING  CHARACTERISTICS  OF  FASCISM

4)  What  skills  and  tactics  did  Mussolini  &  the  fascists  use  to  take  control  

of  the  Italian  government?

MUSSOLINI ESTABLISHESA FASCIST DICTATORSHIP IN ITALY

9 9LT:  I  WILL  EXAMINE  THE  RISE  OF  BENITO  MUSSOLINI  IN  ITALY  &  ASSESS  HOW  HE  CREATED  A  FASCIST  DICTATORSHIP  IN  ITALY

MUSSOLINI ESTABLISHES A FASCIST DICTATORSHIP IN ITALY

5)  After  taking  power,  what  tactics  did  Mussolini  and  the  fascists  use  to  turn  Italy  into  a  totalitarian  dictatorship?

10 10LT:  I  WILL  EXAMINE  THE  RISE  OF  BENITO  MUSSOLINI  IN  ITALY  &  ASSESS  HOW  HE  CREATED  A  FASCIST  DICTATORSHIP  IN  ITALY

THE RISE OF HITLER & THE NAZIS

11 LT:  I  WILL  UNDERSTAND  HOW  ADOLF  HITLER  &  THE  NAZI  PARTY  WERE  ABLE  TO  RISE  TO  POWER  IN  GERMANY  BY  1933 11

HITLER LEADS THE RISE OF FASCIST NAZISM IN GERMANY

6)  What  small  political  party  did  Adolf  Hitler  join  in  1919?  Describe  the  basic  beliefs  of  the  political  philosophy  know  as  Nazism.

THE  14  DEFINING  CHARACTERISTICS  OF  FASCISM

12 LT:  I  WILL  UNDERSTAND  HOW  ADOLF  HITLER  &  THE  NAZI  PARTY  WERE  ABLE  TO  RISE  TO  POWER  IN  GERMANY  BY  1933 12

7)  How  did  the  Great  Depression  provide  Hitler  &  the  Nazis  with  an  opportunity  to  take  power  in  Germany?  What  tactics  did  

they  then  use  to  create  a  totalitarian  dictatorship?  

HITLER LEADS THE RISE OF FASCIST NAZISM IN GERMANY

13 LT:  I  WILL  UNDERSTAND  HOW  ADOLF  HITLER  &  THE  NAZI  PARTY  WERE  ABLE  TO  RISE  TO  POWER  IN  GERMANY  BY  1933 13

HITLER & THE NAZIS REMAKE GERMANY

14 LT:  I  WILL  UNDERSTAND  HOW  ADOLF  HITLER  &  THE  NAZI  PARTY  WERE  ABLE  TO  RISE  TO  POWER  IN  GERMANY  BY  1933 14

HITLER LEADS GERMANY ON THE ROAD TO WAR

15 LT:  I  WILL  UNDERSTAND  HOW  ADOLF  HITLER  &  THE  NAZI  PARTY  WERE  ABLE  TO  RISE  TO  POWER  IN  GERMANY  BY  1933 15

THE RISE OF DICTATORS (1919-1939)

16 16LT:  I  WILL  EXAMINE  HOW  THE  RISE  OF  DICTATORS  &  MILITARISTS  AFTER  W.W.I    DRAMATICALLY  ALTERED  GOLBAL  EVENTS  ON  THE  ROAD  TO  WAR

LEFT vs. RIGHT THE POLITICAL SPECTRUM

COMMUNISM FASCISM

MIDDLE/  MODERATEDICTATORSHIP DICTATORSHIP

17 17LT:  I  WILL  EXAMINE  HOW  THE  RISE  OF  DICTATORS  &  MILITARISTS  AFTER  W.W.I    DRAMATICALLY  ALTERED  GOLBAL  EVENTS  ON  THE  ROAD  TO  WAR

CONTRASTING TOTALITARIAN REGIMESWING

SOVIET UNION

COMMUNISM

LENIN/  STALIN

WING

GERMANY ITALY/SPAIN

FASCISM/  NAZISM

FASCISM

HITLER MUSSOLINI/FRANCO

FAR  LEFT  IDEOLOGIES:The  enemy  =  nobles,  aristocrats,  &  very  wealthy.  Class  hatred  rather  than  racial  

hatred.

(Soviet  states  were  ethnically  diverse)

FAR  RIGHT  IDEOLOGIES

The  enemy  =  outsiders  &  ethnic  minorities.    Policies  favor  

upper  class/  wealthy.

LEFT  vs.  RIGHT

18 18LT:  I  WILL  EXAMINE  HOW  THE  RISE  OF  DICTATORS  &  MILITARISTS  AFTER  W.W.I    DRAMATICALLY  ALTERED  GOLBAL  EVENTS  ON  THE  ROAD  TO  WAR