premarital agreements section a warming-up activities 1.say something about your ideal husband or...

Premarital Premarital AgreementsAgreements

Section ASection A

Warming-up Activities

1. Say something about your ideal husband or wife.

2. There are many campus lovers in our university, can you imagine the future of their love story?

3. Would you ask for a prenuptial agreement before your marriage? Why or why not?

Reference for Answering Questions (1)1. an ideal husband: tall, handsome, wealthy, healthy, smart,

hardworking, non-smoker, soft-spoken, tolerant, considerate, laborious, honest

an ideal wife: pretty, slim, fashionable, passionate, sociable,

hospitable, independent, tender, elegant

2. playmate, emptiness, follow the lead of one’s classmates or friends, experience (v.&n.), say farewell to each other, pursuit one’s own aim, each goes his or her own way

Reference for Answering Questions(2)

3. it depends, bathe oneself in, the last thing sb. should do, take sth. out of, true love, must (n.), save… from, shed light on, result in, let there be, prevent a terrible marriage.

Premarital agreementsPremarital agreements or prenuptial

agreements are binding legal contracts between two people who intend to marry each other.

Jacqueline Kennedy OnassisBorn on July 28, 1929, Jacqueline Bouvier Kennedy was first lady of the United States during the administration (1961-1963) of her first husband, John F. Kennedy. She had been a newspaper reporter and photographer before their marriagein 1953. She was riding beside President Kennedy when he was assassinated in Dallas, Texas, on Nov. 22, 1963. In 1968 she married the Greek shipping millionaire Aristotle Onassis.

Aristotle Onassis Born on January 20, 1906, Aristotle Onassis was a Greek shipping millionaire who accumulated a fortune of more than $500 million. Born of Greek parents in Turkey, he went to Buenos Aires in 1923 and became a telephone operator there. Soon Onassis established a tobacco import business, and by 1930s he bought unused freighters at low prices and by the end of World War II had amassed great wealth in shipping. After the war he increased his shipping fleet by purchasing surplus wartime freighters.

The American Academy of Marriage Lawyers

Its official name is the American Academy of Matrimonial Lawyers.

1. What causes premarital agreements? The distribution of wealth or financial

asset.2. What kind of people favor the

premarital agreement?Some of the people with accumulated wealth.

3. Why premarital agreement is favored by people with accumulated considerable wealth?

They want to reduce their exposure of future problems, and want to make their own arrangement rather than let a court decide. 4. What is another situation that calls for premarital agreement? When a potential spouse has great inherited wealth or a family business, especially if the future partner has little or nothing at all.

5. Why can’t it be possible to enforce the agreement in court sometimes? Because some people concerned don’t follow proper guideline in signing the agreement. 6. What can lead to “court-shopping? When the couple, living abroad or with different passports decide to divorce.7. Does romantic love have sth. to do with premarital agreement? No. They consider prenups to be business agreement.

8. Why does a lawyer say that there is still hope? Because many people who signed an agreement put

it in a drawer and never look at it again.9. Do you think it necessary to sign the premarital

agreement at the first marriage? Yes, when none of us are not rich.10. When did prenups come into being in great

number? As early as 1980s.

II.II.Text Analysis: Main Idea and Devices for Text Analysis: Main Idea and Devices for Developing ItDeveloping It

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• division• headline • contest• candidate• sting• exposure• chapter• payment• shield• retire• retired• enforce

• preposition• consultant• sword• invitation• signature• cite• awkward• edit• delete• forge• dispute

• marital• premarital• ice-cream • collection• verify • clause • nuptial• prenuptial• bind• acceptance

• passport• circumstance• static• bearing• justification• heap• shed• drawerPhrases and Expressions• work out• store away• insist on/

upon• make no mistake (about sth.)• gain in• make/hit the headlines• call for• be in line for• under pressure• draw up

• send out • take advice • under sb.’s nose• argue over/ about• break out• just about• lead to• enter into sth.• have no bearing on• end up

• lay bare• to shed/throw /cast light onProper Names•Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis•Aristotle Onassis•The American Academy of Marriage

Lawyers •Ed Smith

Text Analysis (1)Main idea of the text

The author gives the reader a detailed exposition of what prenups are, who needs prenups, what points to be taken care of before signing prenups, and how people evaluate prenups.

II. II. Text Analysis: Main Idea and Devices for Text Analysis: Main Idea and Devices for Developing ItDeveloping It

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Part I (Paras. 1-4)

Part II

Part III

Part IV

A general introduction of prenups: What are prenups and how they are forged?

Listing ( 列举法 ) Para. 1

Main idea ?

Devices for developing it ?

For details

Main idea ?


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Part II (Paras. 5-8)

Part I

Part III

Part IV

This part is about who needs prenups.

Quotation （引言法）


Paras. 5-7 For detailsFor details

Main idea ？



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Part III (Paras. 9-14)

Part I

Part II

Part IV

This part deals with what points should be taken care of when one goes into a premarital agreement.

Problem-solution （问题—解决法）

Paras. 9 & 10 For detailsFor details

This part is about possible evaluations of prenups.

Main idea ？



Part IV (Paras.15-16)

Part I

Part II

Part III

Quotation ( 引言法 ) Paras. 15-16

For detailsFor details

BackBack General-specific exposition ( 总分法 )

Who want prenups?(Paras. 5 - 8)

Who want prenups?(Paras. 5 - 8)

GeneralStatement

Detail 1: Those who will be involved in great economic consequences in a divorce and those who want to remarry. (Para. 5)

Detail 1: Those who will be involved in great economic consequences in a divorce and those who want to remarry. (Para. 5)Detail 2: Those who have accumulated considerable wealth, have already been stung once, and want to reduce their exposure to future problems. (Para. 6)

Detail 2: Those who have accumulated considerable wealth, have already been stung once, and want to reduce their exposure to future problems. (Para. 6)

Detail 3: Those who want to shield assets to be passed on to children and grandchildren and plan to remarry after a spouse has died. (Para. 7)

Detail 3: Those who want to shield assets to be passed on to children and grandchildren and plan to remarry after a spouse has died. (Para. 7)

Detail 4: Those who have, or are in line for, great inherited wealth or family businesses, especially if the future partners have little or nothing at all. (Para. 8)

Detail 4: Those who have, or are in line for, great inherited wealth or family businesses, especially if the future partners have little or nothing at all. (Para. 8)

For more

BackBack General-specific exposition ( 总分法 )

What points to be taken care of before signing prenups?(Paras. 9-14)

What points to be taken care of before signing prenups?(Paras. 9-14)

Detail 1: Proper guidelines are necessary; a lawyer is required to write the document; and do not use the same lawyer as your future spouse does. (Para. 9)

Detail 1: Proper guidelines are necessary; a lawyer is required to write the document; and do not use the same lawyer as your future spouse does. (Para. 9)

Detail 2: Do not sign a prenup under pressure. (Para. 10)Detail 2: Do not sign a prenup under pressure. (Para. 10)Detail 3: Watch out that a dispute of carrying out prenups could happen if a couple decides to divorce while living abroad with different passports. (Para. 12)

Detail 3: Watch out that a dispute of carrying out prenups could happen if a couple decides to divorce while living abroad with different passports. (Para. 12)

Detail 4: Have a correct understanding of the nature of prenups: they are business agreements. (Para. 14)

Detail 4: Have a correct understanding of the nature of prenups: they are business agreements. (Para. 14)

For more

GeneralStatement

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General-specific exposition ( 总分法 )

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Evaluations of prenups (Paras. 15 - 16)

Evaluations of prenups (Paras. 15 - 16)

Detail 1: Prenups sometimes may help save a couple from a terrible marriage. (Para. 15)Detail 1: Prenups sometimes may help save a couple from a terrible marriage. (Para. 15)

Detail 2: Prenups sometimes prove to be of no use to some happy marriages. (Para. 16)Detail 2: Prenups sometimes prove to be of no use to some happy marriages. (Para. 16)

GeneralStatement

1.marital, marriage, marry, martial

Your marital status is whether you are single, married, widowed or divorced.

Martial law is control of an area that is

established and maintained by soldiers instead of civilians.

2. Work outdevelop well, prove successfully

At first we didn’t think we’d ever move into our new house, but it all worked out in the end.

起初我们觉得搬新家无望，不过最终事随人愿。

There have been enormous problems with the project, but it has all worked out now.

这项工程问题一直很多，不过现在一切顺利。

work on 致力于，从事work off 摆脱，消除work, labor, toil, drudgery

work 泛指体力与脑力的活动labor 和 toil （更正式而且不常用）可指那

些辛苦劳累，枯燥乏味的工作

3. verify account /allegation / report /theory or confirm

Before the bank was willing to lend him money, it had to veri--- that he was the true owner of the house.

The experiment veri--- his theory.

An expert was called in to verif_ whether the passport had been forged.

The news has not yet been officially conf____.

4. bind

1. tie tightly

他们用绳子捆住我的手脚。 They bound my arms and legs with rope.

2. Hold (people or things) together; unite

他的爱国心使他和祖国紧密联系在一起。 His patriotism has bound him to his

motherland.

Hence the study of primitive culture is intimately bound up with that of primitive religion.

因此，原始文化研究与原始宗教研究紧密相关。

3. force sb to obey esp. by a law or promise

The agreement binds her to repay the debt in full within six months.

协议规定她必须在 6 个月内还请全部债务。4. be bound to

He is bound to come this weekend.

5. gain in get more of a particular quality

You seem to have gained a lot in weight since I last saw you.

The army has gained greatly in fighting power with the acquisition of five hundred of the latest airplanes.

在装备了 500 架最新式飞机后，部队战斗力大大增强了。

6. Candidate, participant, applicant She was a willing _p___in these

campaigns.

__A_should be at their desks 5 minutes before

the start of the exam.

Successful_c___will be notified by phone.

7. shield

V. protect from harm; defend from criticism,attack, etc. 保护（ shield sb/sth from)

Motorcyclists should wear helmets to shield them from injury. 骑摩托车者必须带头盔以防受伤。

Jennie put her hand over her eyes as if shielding them from the sun, and closed out the sight of her husband.

詹尼把手放在眼睛上，似乎在遮阳，其实是不想看见她丈夫。

shield sth from viewThe house was shielded from view by

tall trees.

n. sth, that is used as protection 保护物Nevertheless, the vastly expanded

social contacts removed a shield of isolation from village life.

不管怎样，这种大范围的社会接触使村民们的生活不再封闭。

8. in line for/to do sth

Likely to get or do sthJohn is in line for the presidency of the

club next year. 约翰明年有望成为俱乐部主席。

Mary is fourth in line to be admitted to the society.

玛丽是有可能进入该社团的第四号人选。

His actions were not in line with his beliefs.

The offensive was successful all along the line.

Somewhere along the line your strategy has gone badly wrong.

He opened with a question on(along) the lines of “What do you think of the present political situation?”

Getting them to sign on the dotted line won’t be easy.

He wrote that he liked college life very much, but I could read between the lines that he was homesick.

9. enforce

1 ） cause (a rule, law,etc) to be obeyed or

carried out effectively 执行，实施应当始终严格执行规章制度。The regulations should always be

strictly enforced.The army are enforcing a curfew and

searching houses.

make sth happen esp by force 强迫，强加（ on, upon)

It manipulates the environment, and it is able to enforce moral duties on those who are inclined to disregard them.

它控制着周围环境，并且能够将道德义务强加于那些容易忽视它们的人。

10. draw up

1) write outThe lawyer drew up a contract for the

sale of the property. 律师起草了一份房产出售合同。

The rich man had his lawyer draw up his will so that each of his children would receive part of his money when he died.

富豪让律师写下遗嘱，使他的每个孩子在他死后都可以得到一份财产。

2) ( of a vehicle) arrive at a certain point and stop

A taxi drew up in front of the hotel. 一辆出租车停在饭店前。

A police car drew up just as the robbers were about to leave the bank. 正当抢劫犯离开银行时，一辆警车到了。

draw back (from) 退缩，后退

draw on ( 时间）临近，消逝；利用

draw out 拉长，拖长

draw in (白昼）渐短；到站

11. under somebody’s nose

just in front of sbThe thief walked out of the museum

with the painting right under the guard’s nose.小偷在

警卫的眼皮底下拿着那幅画走出了博物馆。

12. Classic, classical, classics

Their marriage is a_sic___example of love at first sight.(typical)

He studied__ics__at the University of Cambria in Portugal.

The divide between popular and_sical__music is obvious.

13. forgeI learned how to forge someone else’s

signature.

The smith forged the horseshoe with great skill.

In the years after the Second World War the US forged ahead in nuclear research.

14. end The football game between Britain and

Argentina finally ended up as a draw. (neither side wins)I’m at my wit’s end with this terribly

complicated situation.Firms that fail to make ends meet are

warned they could go out of business.

At the end of the day the new manager is no better than the previous one.

15. bearing

He is straight-backed, with an imposing military bearing. (deportment)

That is all in the past, it has no bearing on what is happening today.

find/get one’s bearing(position)lose one’s bearing(confused)

16. heap

n.1) 一堆（ of) A heap of books / clothes All her clothes are in a heap on the

floor. 她的衣服统统堆在地板上2) 大量，许多（常作复数） heaps of time/people

V.1) 堆积，使成堆，积累（ up) I’m going to heap all the leaves up

over there. 我要把叶子都堆到那儿。2) 使充溢（ with) They heaped more food on my plate

than I could eat. 他们在我的盘子上堆满食品，我吃都吃不

了。 The table was heaped with presents

17. lay bareexpose or make known sth.hidden All the facts are laid bare in this

special report. 在这份特别报告了，所有的事实都被披露

出来了。

In his confession, the man laid bare the whole story of his life.

在它的坦白陈述中，这名男子讲述了他的整个人生故事 .

18. Out, down, up, off

It is laid_down___that all applicants must attend a written exam.

The factory has laid_off___workers because of the drop in sales.

The gardens are beautifully laid__out__.They have laid__up__large supplies of

food for the coming winter.

19. shed

shed tearsMany tears have been shed in

memory of the dead.Mrs Thatcher is unlikely to shed any

tears at his retirement.shed bloodHe said there was no reason for

shedding the blood of innocents.

shed light on (make it clear)

Officials hope the voice recorder willshed light on the reasons for the

crash.

dispute n./v. (1)1) a serious argument or disagreement 争端，分

歧，纠纷工会和管理方不时发生争执。 Dispute occasionally occur between the union and

the management. The firm is involved in a legal dispute with a rival

company. 这家公司卷入与竞争对手的法律纠纷中。2) to argue or disagree with someone 争论，争吵，

辩论 The lawmakers disputed over the need for new

taxes. 立法人员就征收新税的必要性展开辩论。书中的主要事实从来没有引起过争议。 The main facts of the book have never been

disputed.

dispute (2)dispute, argue, debate& quarreldispute, argue, debate 和 quarrel 都有“争论”或“辩论”之意，但它们之间也有不同：

dispute指由于反对某一观点而激烈地争论，有一定感情色彩，且含相持不下之意。

argue 多指以讲道理的方式提出理由，对自己的主张、见解等进行热烈地争辩或论证。

debate常用来表示就已经确定或以前已经同意的问题进行公开的、正式的争论。

quarrel常指因琐事而感到气愤，进行争吵。

弄清楚你上学的首要任务；你应该把精力集中在学习上而不是整天游山玩水。

Make no mistake about your priority at school. You should concentrate on your study instead of traveling from one scenic spot to another.

别弄错了；毫无疑问make no mistake about

空难、地震和地区流血冲突等灾难常常成为我们生活中头条新闻。Such disasters as air crashes, earthquakes and regional blood-shed conflicts often make the headlines in our life.

成为头条新闻 make/hit the headlines

信息时代要求人们的经济和社会价值观有巨大的改变。The information age calls for dramatic changes in people’s economic and social values.

需要，要求；值得

call for

由于科学家们的不懈努力，我国即将在杂交水稻育种方面取得重大突破。

即将获得，很可能得到

As a result of our scientists’ untiring efforts, our country is in line for a major breakthrough in cross-breeding of rice.

be in line for

当大笔的金钱放到面前时，这位记者乱了方寸。This journalist lost his bearings when large sums of money were stuck under his nose.

( 某物 ) 被放到面前 be stuck under one’s nose

一个人的成功固然与他的智慧有关 ; 但勤奋对成功更为重要。It is true that one’s success has some bearing on his intelligence; but diligence counts more to it.

与 ······ 无 / 几乎没有 / 有一些 / 有很大关系

have no much bearing on

一位好老师应有能力使抽象复杂的问题简单明了，从而使学生能很容易地理解。 A good teacher should have the ability to shed light on the abstract and complex problems so that students can easily understand them.

使更容易理解 / 使人了解 shed light on

原句 : A typical candidate for a prenuptial agreement is a man who has accumulated considerable wealth, has already been stung once, and wants to reduce his exposure to future problems. (L. 25)

句型提炼

典型的典型的欲签定婚前协议欲签定婚前协议的人是的人是那些积存了大量那些积存了大量财富的财富的男性男性，他们曾吃过苦头，因而想减少自，他们曾吃过苦头，因而想减少自己日后的麻烦己日后的麻烦。。

1) A typical / ideal candidate for sth. is one who… 某事的典型／理想的候选人是······人。 (sth.: the presidency, the partnership in my life, the job, the position, the title, etc.)

1. Typical patterns for the exposition of sth. / sb.

应用： a. 管理岗位的理想人选是把雇员更多地以朋友而不是以下级相待，给雇员的精神刺激多于物质刺激的人。

An ideal candidate for the position of management is one who treats his employees more as friends than as subordinates and gives more spiritual than material incentive to them.

Typical patterns for the exposition of sth. / sb.

应用： b.我终身伴侣的典型候选人应是善解人意、乐于奉献和对爱忠贞不渝的人。

A typical candidate for my lifelong partnership should be one who is good at reading others’ minds, ready to devote, and faithful to her love.

Typical patterns for the exposition of sth. / sb.

原句 :Another situation that calls for premarital agreements occurs when a potential spouse has , or is in line for, great inherited wealth or a family business, especially if the future partner has little or nothing at all. (L. 34)

句型提炼

2) Another/A situation/problem that calls for/ is well worth…occurs when…, or…, especially if/when… 另 / 一种要求／值得 ······ 的情形／问题是， ······ 或 ······, 尤其是 ······

另一种要求另一种要求签立婚前协议签立婚前协议的情形是的情形是，未来的丈夫，未来的丈夫或妻子已经或妻子已经或或即将继承巨额遗产或家庭产业，即将继承巨额遗产或家庭产业，尤尤其是其是在未来伴侣家资不多或一贫如洗的情况下。在未来伴侣家资不多或一贫如洗的情况下。

Typical Pattern

应用： a. 另一种值得我们关注的情形是，许多妇女把婚姻视为改善自身境遇的跳板或提升自身社会地位的惟一契机，尤其是在她们容貌尚佳但备受贫穷煎熬的情况下。

Another situation that calls for our concern occurs when many women see marriage as a springboard for them to better their fortunes or as the sole opportunity for them to raise their social status, especially if they are good-looking but distressed with poverty.

Typical Pattern

应用： b.一个值得家长警惕的问题是，你的孩子对学习已经或正在产生一种厌烦的情绪，尤其是在他／她不能从一次重要考试的失败中自拔的情况下。

A problem that calls for the parents’ vigilance occurs when your child has developed or is developing a dislike for study, especially if he/she could not lift himself/herself out of the failure in an important exam.

Typical Pattern

原句 :That can lead to “ court-shopping”, since what matters is the law of the country where the couple is getting divorced. (L. 58)

句型提炼2) Sth./Doing sth. can lead to/result in…, since

what matters (to sb.) is… 某事／做某事可能导致 ······, 因为（对某人来讲）问题的关键在于 ······

这就可能导致这就可能导致 “逛法庭” 的现象， “逛法庭” 的现象，因为问题的因为问题的关键在于关键在于夫妇办理离婚时所在国的法律。夫妇办理离婚时所在国的法律。

Typical Pattern

应用： a. 溺爱孩子可能导致他／她的人生一事无成，因为问题的关键在于你助长了他／她的享乐欲和依赖性。

Spoiling your child can lead to no achievement in his/her life, since what matters is that you foster his/her hunger for comfort as well as dependence on others.

Typical Pattern

应用： b. 党内腐败可能导致亡党，因为问题的关键是，在一个腐败盛行的社会里没有诚信和正义的容身之地。

The corruption within the Party can lead to the fall of the Party, since what matters is no room for honesty and justice in a society where corruption is popular.

Typical Pattern

原句 :But even when both parties have signed such an agreement, it can be impossible to enforce it in court if proper guidelines have not been followed. (L. 37) 但是但是即使即使双方签署了这样的协议，双方签署了这样的协议，如果不如果不遵循遵循正确的指导方针，正确的指导方针，还是不可能还是不可能在法院实施它。在法院实施它。

句型提炼1) Even when/if …, it can/could (still) be

(im)possible/hard etc. to do sth. if (not)… 即使 ······· ，如果 ( 不 )······ ，还是 ( 不 )

可能 / 很难 ( 等 )······

2. Typical patterns for emphasis on the conditions

应用： a.即使我们在毕业时已获得了大量的知识，如果不继续努力学习的话，我们还是很难在事业上获得更大成功。

Even when we have acquired much knowledge on graduation, it could still be very difficult for us to be in line for greater success in our careers if we don’t continue our efforts in study.

Typical patterns for emphasis on the conditions

应用： b.即使你已经组成了一个幸福的家庭，如果你未能给婚后生活增添更多的关爱，仍不可能使你的幸福长久。 Even if you have formed a happy family, it can still be impossible to make your happiness lasting if you fail to add more love and care to your marital life.

Typical patterns for emphasis on the conditions

Directions: Watch the video and then discuss the topics as follows:

2. How to prevent a terrible marriage?key

1. What’s your view on marriage?key

I. Pre-reading Activities: Listen, Look & Say

Video watching

上一页

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1. What does marriage mean to you?2. What are the secrets to a happy marriage?

Path of thinking:

key

Summary: From our discussions, different conclusions can be drawn as follows:

1) Marriage is the final destination of two lovers.2) Marriage should be a duet—when one sings,

the other claps.3) Marriage is a palace that must be rebuilt

every day.4) Marriage is a lottery in which men stake their

liberty and women their happiness.5) Marriage is like an encircled fortress; those

who are outside want to get in, and those inside want to get out.

6) Marriage is the tomb of love. >>>more>>>more>>>more>>>more

Happy marriages, however, share the same secrets as follows:1) Maintaining attraction for and trust with each other;2) Development of free communication and mutual understanding of the marital happiness;3) Cherishing personal as well as sexual values;4) Readiness to give each other sentimental care;5) Help for personality development;6) Performance of accepted duties and fulfillment of expected responsibilities;7) Respect for each other’s privacy;8) Fulfillment of social obligations to maintain the marital status. 返回

1. What do you do to save yourself from a terrible marriage?

2. Do you build your future marriage on the prenup or on the mutual trust? Why?

Path of thinking:

key

Summary: Most young people approach marriage with optimism, even euphoria. For many, however, the euphoria soon evaporates, and the optimism fades. Their once everlasting love may be replaced by a bitter mixture of frustration, anger, hostility, and strong dislike. The marriage now becomes a situation of mere endurance. To prevent such a thing from happening to me, I would like to do like this:1) I will try to find a girl who is ready to commit herself to my career as well as to my love. 2) I will blend each other’s life into our common pursuits. >>>more>>>more>>>more>>>more

So if I were asked to make a choice between a prenup-based marriage and a trust-based marriage, I would not hesitate a moment to embrace the latter. As much evidence proves, the former arises from lack of mutual trust between the spouses. By contrast, the latter results from the total confidence in each other. In addition, the former, due to the cold clauses of the prenup, will drain the couple’s life of every heat of true love for each other. In contrast to that, the latter, owing to their mutual faithfulness, will fill the couple’s life with intimacy, warmth, honesty as well as sexual happiness. And above all, the former is built on money and worry while the latter on love and mutual respect.

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1.1. Please list three crazier clauses of prenuptial Please list three crazier clauses of prenuptial agreements according to the text.agreements according to the text.FirstFirst,, a future husband wanted to be sure that a future husband wanted to be sure that he could keep his treasured ice-cream he could keep his treasured ice-cream collection if his marriage failed. collection if his marriage failed.

SecondSecond,, a woman wanted to make clear who a woman wanted to make clear who would walk the dog.would walk the dog.

V. V. Exercises—Comprehension Exercises—Comprehension

Ⅱ. Answer the following questions.

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《读写教程 Ⅲ》 : Ex. II, p. 249Ex. II, p. 249《读写教程 Ⅲ》 : Ex. II, p. 249Ex. II, p. 249

ThirdThird,, one man wanted to be entitled to a one man wanted to be entitled to a divorce if his future wife gained more than 15 divorce if his future wife gained more than 15 pounds once she married him.pounds once she married him.

3.3. Why has signing prenups become popular in Why has signing prenups become popular in the US since the early 1980s?the US since the early 1980s?

2. What is a prenuptial agreement?2. What is a prenuptial agreement?

A prenuptial agreement, or prenup, negotiated A prenuptial agreement, or prenup, negotiated by lawyers and signed before a marriage, is by lawyers and signed before a marriage, is mainly designed to deal with financial problems mainly designed to deal with financial problems when divorce is insisted on by one party.when divorce is insisted on by one party.


Because more and more states began passing Because more and more states began passing laws based either on “splitting evenly” or on laws based either on “splitting evenly” or on “whatever a judge thinks is ‘fair’”.“whatever a judge thinks is ‘fair’”.

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4. What are the three situations calling for 4. What are the three situations calling for premarital agreements?premarital agreements?

FirstFirst,, a wealthy man who has been stung a wealthy man who has been stung once may want to avoid such future once may want to avoid such future problems. problems. SecondSecond,, protecting children from a protecting children from a previous marriage is a strong reason.previous marriage is a strong reason.ThirdThird,, when one future partner is when one future partner is extremely rich while the other is poor.extremely rich while the other is poor.


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5. What kinds of problems can prevent a 5. What kinds of problems can prevent a premarital agreement from being enforced in premarital agreement from being enforced in court?court?

FirstFirst, any language mistakes in a prenup, , any language mistakes in a prenup, even a misplaced preposition, can be even a misplaced preposition, can be disastrous. disastrous. SecondSecond, a prenuptial agreement , a prenuptial agreement signed under pressure can cause problems. signed under pressure can cause problems. ThirdThird, there can be a dispute over , there can be a dispute over premarital accords if a couple decides to premarital accords if a couple decides to divorce while living abroad, or when they divorce while living abroad, or when they have different passports.have different passports.


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6. How do British courts view prenuptial 6. How do British courts view prenuptial agreements?agreements?

Prenuptial agreements are almost ignored Prenuptial agreements are almost ignored by British courts because English law says by British courts because English law says that circumstances of a marriage aren’t that circumstances of a marriage aren’t static, and therefore a judge should decide static, and therefore a judge should decide how financial assets will be divided.how financial assets will be divided.


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7. According to some lawyers, why do more and 7. According to some lawyers, why do more and more American people begin to accept more American people begin to accept prenuptial agreements?prenuptial agreements?

For one thingFor one thing, divorce rate in the US is very high, , divorce rate in the US is very high, which is often accompanied by money problems. which is often accompanied by money problems. For anotherFor another, laying bare all one’s finances can , laying bare all one’s finances can sometimes save a couple from a terrible marriage.sometimes save a couple from a terrible marriage.


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8. Why is there still hope for the couple who 8. Why is there still hope for the couple who signed a prenup?signed a prenup?

Because many people just put the prenup in a Because many people just put the prenup in a drawer and never look at it again after signing it.drawer and never look at it again after signing it.

1. All description and information on hotels, guest 1. All description and information on hotels, guest houses in this brochure should be _____ as we houses in this brochure should be _____ as we have never heard them before.have never heard them before. verifiedverified

《读写教程 Ⅲ》 : Ex. Ex. Ⅲ, p. 249, p. 249《读写教程 Ⅲ》 : Ex. Ex. Ⅲ, p. 249, p. 249

Ⅲ. Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary.

V. V. Exercises—Vocabulary Exercises—Vocabulary

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dispute justification circumstance enforce

cite sting verify edit

shed awkward headline bind

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2. We have _____ for moving to a large house, because this house is too small for us. justificationjustification


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3. Sometimes he’d sit and look at it, and his eyes would _____ with the tears of despair.

stingsting

4. Even apart from such exceptions, however, 4. Even apart from such exceptions, however, a contract not made in the required form, a contract not made in the required form, but completely performed on one side, but completely performed on one side, might be _____.might be _____.

enforcedenforced


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5. Characteristically, he does not _____ any 5. Characteristically, he does not _____ any source for this assertion.source for this assertion.

citecite


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6. He was always _____ in women’s 6. He was always _____ in women’s company, especially girls’ company.company, especially girls’ company.

awkwardawkward

7. The _____ in today’s 7. The _____ in today’s Times Times says “Peace declared!”says “Peace declared!”

headlineheadline

8. The _____ had also moved against us in another way.

disputedispute


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《读写教程 Ⅲ》 : Ex. , p. 250ⅣEx. , p. 250Ⅳ《读写教程 Ⅲ》 : Ex. , p. 250ⅣEx. , p. 250Ⅳ

Ⅳ. Rewrite each of the following sentences using the expressions given in the parentheses.


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1. She has certainly become more confident over the last couple of years. (gain in)

She has certainly gained in confidence over the last couple of years.

2. The actor was written about a lot when he was accused of eating a pet dog. (make the headlines)


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The actor made the headlines when he was accused of eating a pet dog.

3. Greg’s parents are worried that he will be influenced by the kind of people they don’t approve of while he’s at college. (exposure to)

Greg’s parents are worried about his exposure to the kind of people they don’t approve of while he’s at college.

4. The opposition parties are demanding the minister’s resignation over the scandal (丑闻 ). (call for)


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The opposition parties are calling for the minister’s resignation over the scandal.

5. I’ve prepared a list of candidates that I’d like to interview. (draw up)

I’ve drawn up a list of candidates that I’d like to interview.

6. Finally, she’ll become penniless if she carries on spending as much as that. (end up)


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She’ll end up penniless if she carries on spending as much as that.

7. She talks very honestly about her three unhappy marriages in her autobiography ( 自传 ). (lay bare)

She lays bare her three unhappy marriages in her autobiography.

8. Hoping that he might be able to provide an explanation for the problem, I asked Mario to look at the engine. (shed light on)


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Hoping that he might be able to shed light on the problem, I asked Mario to look at the engine.

V. V. Exercises—Collocation Exercises—Collocation

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《读写教程 Ⅲ》 : Ex. , p. 250ⅤEx. , p. 250Ⅴ《读写教程 Ⅲ》 : Ex. , p. 250ⅤEx. , p. 250Ⅴ

Ⅴ. Look at the sentences taken from your reading passage. Just think about what other words can be modified by the word “wedding” and fill in the sentences with the right words.

e.g. To avoid such problems, some lawyers will not draw up an agreement once a wedding date has been set.A lawyer recalled one awkward episode where the two sides were still editing the contract, arguing over what to keep and delete, as 150 wedding guests were arriving for the wedding.


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1. They have decided to give Henry a record player as a wedding pre____.sent

2. Hostage Allan Nicklin flew home from Saudi Arabia yesterday in time to celebrate his silver wedding anni_______.versary

3. The order of the wedding ser____ remains secret; these people are planning a pleasant surprise to the new couple.

vice


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4. Her golden wedding ba___ gleamed (闪亮 ) on the shelf.

5. The dress has been packed away, the wedding al____ has finally found a resting place and the honeymoon has become a distant memory.

nd

bum

6. Then I realized that over the years the white wedding dre__ had become yellow, and the flowers in her hair had died, and the bride inside the dress had grown old.

ss


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7. We have had our wedding ph____ enlarged and hung one of them on the wall of our bedroom.

otos

8. Frequently couples at their golden wedding cele_______ will say something to the effect of “we made it a point never to go to bed angry”.

bration

Ⅵ. The suffix –an can be added

1) to the name of a place in order to form an adjective or noun that describes or refers to sb. or sth. that comes from that place, or

2) to the name of a famous person in order to form an adjective or noun that describes or refers to sth. or sb. that is connected with or typical of that person’s work or the time at which he or she lived. For example:

V. V. Exercises—Word Building Exercises—Word Building BackBack

《读写教程 Ⅲ》 : Ex. VI, p. 251Ex. VI, p. 251《读写教程 Ⅲ》 : Ex. VI, p. 251Ex. VI, p. 251

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America

Shakespeare

American

Shakespearean

Look at the following words that have been formed by adding -an to some nouns and translate the Chinese expressions into English, using the words.

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Africa

Asia

Europe

Italy

Victoria

Elizabeth

Hollywood

James

African

Asian

European

Italian

Victorian

Elizabethan

Hollywoodian

Jamesian

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1. 由伊丽莎白时代的人完善的传统

2. 维多利亚时代精美家具的展览

3. 具有非洲根源的舞蹈音乐

an exhibition of fine Victorian furniture

dance music with African roots

a tradition perfected by the Elizabethans

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lots of shops run by Asians

4. 许多由亚洲人开办的商店


make the British feel more European

watch Italian football very often

5. 使英国人更有欧洲人的感觉

6. 经常看意大利足球

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produce some Hollywoodian films

write some novels of Jamesian style

7. 制作了一些好莱坞式的电影

8. 写了一些詹姆斯风格的小说

Ⅶ. The prefix pre- with the meaning of “before” can be added to nouns (mainly to form adjectives), verbs and adjectives with or without the hyphen. For example:

nuptial

cook

war

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BackBackV. V. Exercises—Word Building Exercises—Word Building

《读写教程 Ⅲ》 : Ex. VII, p. 251Ex. VII, p. 251《读写教程 Ⅲ》 : Ex. VII, p. 251Ex. VII, p. 251

prenuptial

precook

pre-war (prewar)

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Look at the following words that have been formed by adding pre- to nouns, verbs and adjectives and choose the proper word to fill in each blank.

pre- + school

pre- + marital

pre- + existpre- + gamepre- + historic

pre- + mature

pre- + plan

pre- + suppose

pre-school

premarital

preexist

pre-game

prehistoric

premature

preplan

presuppose

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1. __________ agreements are also welcome to some young people in China.

Premarital

2. I had been a little too __________ in coming to this conclusion.

premature

pre-school premarital

prehistoric premature

preexist pre-game

preplan presuppose



3. The players were showered with gifts in a _________ ceremony.pre-game

4. It could not have been __________, since no imagination could have foreseen its need.

preplanned



preexist pre-game

preplan presuppose



5. More and more parents are beginning to realize the importance of __________ education for their children.

pre-school

6. That place is worth seeing. It has some monuments that _______ written history.preexist



preexist pre-game

preplan presuppose



7. I must __________ that you know the principal facts of the case.

presuppose

8. Some __________ people lived in caves.prehistoric



preexist pre-game

preplan presuppose

《读写教程 Ⅲ》 : Ex. Ex. VIIIVIII, p. 252, p. 252《读写教程 Ⅲ》 : Ex. Ex. VIIIVIII, p. 252, p. 252

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VIII. Study the model carefully and then combine the following pairs of sentences after the model.

BackBackV. V. Exercises—Structure Exercises—Structure

Model: A dispute can also break out over prenuptial agreements if a couple decides to divorce.The couple lives abroad at the same time.

A dispute can also break out over prenuptial agreements if a couple decides to divorce while living abroad.

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1. He always listens to the radio. At the same time he is driving to work.

He always listens to the radio while driving to work.

2. He works in an American company. He gives lectures on economics in a college in the evening.

He works in an American company while giving lectures on economics in a college in the evening.

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3. In some societies women are treated as professional equals on the job. They are treated as servants at home.In some societies women are treated as professional equals on the job while being treated as servants at home.

4. We serve as teachers. We should be pupils at the same time.We should be pupils while serving as teachers.

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5. The two professors will exchange their views. They will do so when they are in Paris attending a meeting.

The two professors will exchange their views while in Paris attending a meeting.

V. V. Exercises—Structure Exercises—Structure

《读写教程 Ⅲ》 : Ex. Ex. IXIX, p. 252, p. 252《读写教程 Ⅲ》 : Ex. Ex. IXIX, p. 252, p. 252

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IX. Now rewrite the following sentences to achieve emphasis by placing the negative part at the beginning.

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1. This thought did not come to her mind even once.

Not even once did this thought come to her mind.

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3. He understood the weakness of his own position least of all.

Least of all did he understand the weakness of his own.

2. They were no sooner released by order of the court than they were rearrested by the police.

No sooner were they released by order of the court than they were rearrested by the police.

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4. The couple seldom went to the theatre together during their stay in the USA.

Seldom did the couple go to the theatre together during their stay in the USA.

5. We cannot understand a disease unless we understand the person who has the disease.

Not unless we understand the person who has the disease can we understand a disease.

1.1. 总统夫人总统夫人威胁要公开揭发威胁要公开揭发丈夫，这件事丈夫，这件事成了成了头条新闻头条新闻。。

It has made the headlines that the president’s wife threatened her husband with public exposure.

《读写教程 Ⅲ》 : Ex. Ex. ⅩⅩ, p. 253, p. 253《读写教程 Ⅲ》 : Ex. Ex. ⅩⅩ, p. 253, p. 253

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threaten sb. with threaten sb. with public exposurepublic exposure

Ⅹ. Translate the following into English.

make the headlinesmake the headlines

BackBackV. V. Exercises—Translation Exercises—Translation

2. 2. 那位富有的女士再三要求那位富有的女士再三要求签定婚前协议签定婚前协议 , , 令令其未婚夫其未婚夫自尊心大大受损自尊心大大受损，，结果以拒婚告终结果以拒婚告终。。

The wealthy lady’s repeated demand on a premarital agreement greatly stung her future husband’s pride and ended up in his refusal to get married.

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the wealthy the wealthy lady’s repeated lady’s repeated demand on sth.demand on sth.

end up in sb.’s end up in sb.’s refusal to get refusal to get marriedmarried


sting sb.’s sting sb.’s pridepride

3. 3. 他他在支票上伪造他哥哥的签名在支票上伪造他哥哥的签名，，以不正当以不正当手段得到手段得到了这笔钱，但是却了这笔钱，但是却被媒体曝了光被媒体曝了光。。

He got the money dishonestly, by forging his brother’s signature on a check, which was exposed by the media.

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forge his brother’s forge his brother’s signature on a checksignature on a check

get sth. get sth. dishonestlydishonestly


be exposed be exposed by the mediaby the media

4. 4. 他他举了个典型的例子举了个典型的例子来说明警官来说明警官朝那人开朝那人开枪是正当的枪是正当的，因为那人，因为那人先朝他开枪先朝他开枪。。

He cited a classic example to show that the police officer shot the man with justification because the man had shot at him first.

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cite a classic examplecite a classic example


shoot the man with justificationshoot the man with justificationshoot at shoot at him firsthim first

5. 5. 毫无疑问毫无疑问，有些妇女，有些妇女坚持坚持要有要有离婚的权利离婚的权利，，如果他们丈夫干的工作和积攒的钱不如她如果他们丈夫干的工作和积攒的钱不如她们多的话。们多的话。

Make no mistake about it, some women would insist on the right to get a divorce if their husbands did not work and save money as much as they did.

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make no mistake make no mistake about itabout it

insist on insist on


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the right to get a divorcethe right to get a divorce

6. 6. 对对指纹指纹的偶然发现的偶然发现 , , 有助于弄清有助于弄清他他被派被派来调查来调查的凶杀案。的凶杀案。

The casual discovery of the fingerprint shed some light on the murder he had been sent to look into.

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the casual the casual discovery of…discovery of…

shed some shed some light onlight on


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be sent to be sent to look intolook into

7. 7. 玛丽玛丽不愿不愿向陌生人向陌生人吐露心声吐露心声，只是，只是朝他朝他尴尬地笑了笑尴尬地笑了笑。。

Unwilling to lay bare her private thoughts to a stranger, Mary only gave him an awkward smile.

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lay bare one’s lay bare one’s private thoughts private thoughts

be unwilling be unwilling toto


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give him an give him an awkward smileawkward smile

8. 8. 重要的重要的不是订婚双方对对方有没有信心，不是订婚双方对对方有没有信心，而是客观地而是客观地看待婚姻本身看待婚姻本身，它，它与与浪漫的浪漫的爱情爱情无关无关。。

What matters is not whether the engaged couple have faith in each other, but to view the marriage as it is, which has no bearing on romantic love.

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what matterswhat matters view the view the

marriage as it ismarriage as it ishave no have no

bearing onbearing on

V. V. Exercises—Translation Exercises—Translation BackBack

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自自 2020 世纪世纪 8080 年代初以来，婚前协议在美国年代初以来，婚前协议在美国被越来越多的人接受，因为当时越来越多的被越来越多的人接受，因为当时越来越多的州开始通过关于离婚财产分配的法律。州开始通过关于离婚财产分配的法律。

1. Prenups have been gaining in acceptance in the United States since the early 1980s, when more states began passing laws that affected the division of financial assets in a divorce.

V. V. Exercises—Translation Exercises—Translation

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XI. Translate the following into Chinese.

《读写教程 Ⅲ》 : Ex. XI, p. 253Ex. XI, p. 253《读写教程 Ⅲ》 : Ex. XI, p. 253Ex. XI, p. 253

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名人的婚前协议总是头条新闻：杰奎琳名人的婚前协议总是头条新闻：杰奎琳 ·· 肯肯尼迪尼迪 ·· 奥纳西斯的律师在亚里士多德奥纳西斯的律师在亚里士多德 ·· 奥纳西奥纳西斯死后拿出两人的婚前协议对簿公堂，据说斯死后拿出两人的婚前协议对簿公堂，据说后来在庭外和解中赢得了后来在庭外和解中赢得了 2,6002,600 万美元。万美元。

2. The prenups of the famous make the headlines: lawyers for Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis contested the prenuptial agreement between her and Aristotle Onassis after his death, reportedly winning $26 million in an out-of-court settlement.


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典型的欲签订婚前协议的人是那些积存了大典型的欲签订婚前协议的人是那些积存了大量财富的男性，他们曾吃过苦头，因而想减量财富的男性，他们曾吃过苦头，因而想减少自己日后的麻烦。少自己日后的麻烦。

3. A typical candidate for a prenuptial agreement is a man who has accumulated considerable wealth, has already been stung once, and wants to reduce his exposure to future problems.


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保护自己的资产，使之能传到儿子和孙保护自己的资产，使之能传到儿子和孙子手中，这种努力使婚前契约在已退休子手中，这种努力使婚前契约在已退休并丧偶、又准备再婚的六七十岁的老人并丧偶、又准备再婚的六七十岁的老人当中更为常见。当中更为常见。

4. The effort to shield assets to be passed on to children and grandchildren is making prenups more common among retired people in their 60s and 70s who are remarrying after a spouse has died.


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另一种要求签立婚前协议的情形是，未来另一种要求签立婚前协议的情形是，未来的丈夫或妻子已经或即将继承巨额遗产或的丈夫或妻子已经或即将继承巨额遗产或家庭产业，尤其是在未来伴侣家资不多或家庭产业，尤其是在未来伴侣家资不多或一贫如洗的情况下。一贫如洗的情况下。

5. Another situation that calls for premarital agreements occurs when a potential spouse has, or is in line for, great inherited wealth or a family business, especially if the future partner has little or nothing at all.


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律师们援引的一个经典例子是： “婚礼那天，律师们援引的一个经典例子是： “婚礼那天，某人某人————通常是‘她’通常是‘她’————面前突然出现了一份面前突然出现了一份协议，于是，她看都没看一眼就签了字。” 协议，于是，她看都没看一眼就签了字。”

6. A classic example is cited by lawyers: “An agreement is stuck under somebody’s nose on the day of the wedding—and it’s usually a ‘she’—and she signs, but doesn’t even read it.”


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有一位律师回想起一件尴尬事：男女双方有一位律师回想起一件尴尬事：男女双方还在修改协议，争论哪些该保留，哪些该还在修改协议，争论哪些该保留，哪些该删除，此刻却有删除，此刻却有 150150 名宾客陆陆续续来参名宾客陆陆续续来参加婚礼。加婚礼。

7. A lawyer recalled one awkward episode where the two sides were still editing the contract, arguing over what to keep and delete, as 150 wedding guests were arriving for the wedding.


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伦敦一家法律公司的一名律师经常为分处伦敦一家法律公司的一名律师经常为分处英美两国的夫妇处理离婚事宜。他注意到，英美两国的夫妇处理离婚事宜。他注意到，在英国，法院在英国，法院“几乎忽视”婚“几乎忽视”婚前协议。前协议。

8. A lawyer in a London law firm that often handles divorces for British-American couples noted that in Britain, prenuptial agreements were “just about ignored” by the courts.


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Writing 写作方法

How to write an essay based on a chart or a table? (1)

I How to describe a chart or a table?

a chart

a pie chart

a line chart

a bar chart

Sentence patterns in a pie chart writing

Sentence patterns in a pie chart writing

1. These two pie charts show the differences between two groups of…

2. The first point to note is the huge increase (in the number of)…

3. According to the graph,…4. The proportion of…5. There was a slight recovery…6. The graph shows the percentage of…7. Perhaps the most telling feature of the chart is

the dominance of…

Sentence patterns in a line chart writing

Sentence patterns in a line chart writing

1.There was a (very) slight/small/slow rise/increase.2. There was a steady rise/increase.3. There was a (very)

marked/large/steep/sharp/rapid rise/increase.4. The bold graph shows that the percentage of …

is almost … in the early morning but it gradually rises up to … percent at 8 am and remains the same for the next two hours.

5. Unlike …, the peak percentage of … is at …, which is about … percent.

6. Company B’s profit rose steadily from … to …, whereas that of Company A fell slightly.

7. The number of … reached more than … in …(year, month, etc.)

Sentence patterns in a bar chart writing

Sentence patterns in a bar chart writing1.This bar chart displays the numbers of…2.The chart reflects several trends.3.But……We see a different trend emerging.4.When we compare…,we see…5.This suggests increased …for … in …6.It reflects the great differences that exist

between…7.These figures were overwhelmingly greater than

the corresponding figure of…8.It can be seen from the chart that the number is

significantly…~er…than…9.In all locations, A outnumbered B…

Sentence patterns in a bar chart writingDirections: For this part you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Student Use of Computers. You should write at least 120 words and base your composition on the chart and the outline given belowAverage number of hours a student spends on the computer per week

0

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4

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20

1990 1995 2000

year

hour

s/wee

k

1 、上图所示为 1990 年、 1995 年、 2002 年某校大学生事业计算机的情况，请描述其变化；

2 、请说明发生这些变化的原因 ( 可从计算机的用途、价格或社会发展等方面加以说明 ) ；

3 、你认为目前大学生在计算机使用中有什么困难或问题。

Model writing It is obvious in the graphic/table that the

rate/number/amount of Y has undergone dramatic changes. It has gone up/grown/fallen/dropped considerably in recent years (as X varies). At the point of X1, Y reaches its peak value of ….

　　 What is the reason for this change? Mainly there are … reasons behind the situation reflected in the graphic/table. First of all, …(the first reason). More importantly, …(the second reason). Most important of all, …(the third reason).

　　 From the above discussions, we have enough reason to predict what will happen in the near future. The trend described in the graphic/table will continue for quite a long time (if necessary measures are not taken).

Writing 参考范文Student Use of Computers

Students tend to use computers more and more nowadays. Reading this chart, we can find that the average number of hours a student spends on the computer per week has increased sharply. In 1990, it was less than 2 hours; and in 1995, it increased to almost 4 hours; while in 2000, the number soared to 20 hours. Obviously computers are becoming more and more popular. There are several reasons for this. First, computers facilitate us in more aspects of life. Also, the fast development of the Internet enlarges our demands for using computers. We can easily contact with friends in remote places through the Internet. Besides, the prices of computers are getting lower and lower, which enables more students to purchase them. Along with the time spent on computers, there arise some problems. The most serious one is that many students are spending so much time playing PC games so that they ignore their studies. It is urgent to let the students use computers in a proper way.

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