COMPUTER ASSISTED LANGUAGE LEARNING

(CALL)

Prepared by :Genesis Z. Tayanes

Ed-Eng 106Technology in Language Education

“The search for and study of applications of the computer in language

teaching and learning.”-Levy,

1997

Originates from CAI Computer Assisted-Instruction

CALL is redefined as . . .

"The search for and study of applications of the computer in language teaching and learning."

- Graham Davies,

Thames Valley

University, UK

CALL is viewed as an aid for Teachers

CALI – Computer Assisted Language Instruction

MALL – Mobile Assisted Language Instruction

CMC – Computer Mediated Communication

TELL – Technology Enhanced Language Learning

Other Terminologies

CALL More Student Centered with Lessons

Allowing the learners to learn on their own using structured and /or unstructured interactive lessons.

How is CALL helpful? Helps teachers facilitate language

learning process

Used to reinforced what has been learned in the classrooms

Used as remedial to help learners with limited language proficiency

A combination of face-to-face teaching and CALL is usually referred to as blended learning. Blended learning is designed to increase learning potential. (Pegrum 2009:

CALL is meant to supplement face-to-face language instruction, not

replace it.

Technologies Used in CALL ICT in Language teaching and

learning encompasses many different types of software applications. The application tend to fall into two distinct types:

Technologies Used in CALL

Generic Software Applications (GSA)

CALL software Applications (CSA)

Generic Software Applications

Multi-purpose programs that are not designed specifically for Language Teaching and Learning.

• Word-Processors• Presentation Software• Email Packages• Web Browsers

CALL software Applications Programs designed specifically to

promote language learning. They Usually include a substantial

degree of interactivity. Language Lab Software, CD-ROMS

etc.

CALL's origins and development trace back to the 1960's (Delcloque 2000)

CALL has developed into a symbiotic relationship between the development of technology and pedagogy.

Bax (2003) perceived the three phases of CALL namely:

Restricted, Open, and Integrated

Different Approaches to CALL

Behavioristic CALL…is defined by the-dominant behavioristic

theories of learning of Skinner as well as the technological limitations of computers from the 1960's to the early 1980's. Repeated exposure to material was considered to be beneficial or even essential, computers were considered ideal for this aspect of learning as the machines did not get bored or impatient with learners and the Computer could present material to the student as his/her pace and even adapt the drills to the level of the student.

Communicative CALL

Based on the communicative approach that became prominent in the late 1970's and 1980's. In the CA, the focus is on using the language rather than analysis of the language teaching grammar implicitly. It also allowed for originality and flexibility in student output of language.

Integrative/Explorative CALL

Starting from 1990's, tries to address these criticisms by integrating the teaching of language skills into tasks or projects to provide direction and coherence. It also coincides with the development of multimedia technology (Providing text, graphics, sound and animation) as well as computer-mediated communication.

CALL in this period saw a definitive shift of use of computer for drill and tutorial purposes (computer as a finite authoritative base for a specific task) to a medium for extending education beyond the classroom and reorganizing instruction.

Internetbased CALL (Latest Advancement)

When the World Wide Web was launched in 1992 it reached the general public by 1993, opening up new possibilities in CALL.

Internet activities vary considerably, from ONLINE VERSIONS OF SOFTWARE (where learner interacts with a networked computer), to computer-mediated communication (where the learner interacts with other people via the computer), to applications that combine these two elements.

Example of Multimedia CALL and WEB based/internet CALL

MCALL

1.Use of Audio / Video Clips2. Interlingual method 3. Language Learning : Vocabulary:

Synonyms, Antonyms and Etymology4.Reading 5.Grammar6.Role Play: Speaking Task7. Translation8. Fluency Task

iCALLWeb platforms used in this experiment

1. Wikieducator2. Moodle3. Others

Web-resources to be used: Hot potatoes, Youtube/Ustream, Blogs, Socialnetworking sites like

facebook, orkut, Hi5, ning, netlog etc.

Impact on CALL to TEACHING

Effectiveness, on the other hand, usually focuses on assessing to what extent ICT is a more effective way of teaching foreign languages compared to using traditional methods - and this is more problematic as so many variables come into play. Worldwide, the picture of the impact of CALL is extremely varied. Most developed nations work comfortably with the new technologies, but developing nations are often beset with problems of costs and broadband connectivity. Evidence on the effectiveness of CALL - as with the impact of CALL - is extremely varied and many research questions still need to be addressed and answered. Hubbard (2002)

Impact on CALL to TEACHING

The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development has identified four levels of courses with only components, namely

web-supplemented web-dependent, mixed mod and fully online"

REFENRECESDr. Dilip Barad, Slide-Share CALL Computer

Assisted Language Learning. Dept. of English, Bhavnagar UniversityBhavnagar. Gujarat – INDIA. Retrieved from www.dilipbarad.com last February 11, 2014.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computerassisted_language_learning