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Web
Dat
a M
anag
emen
t an
d X
ML
L1
:In
tro
du
ctio
n1
Intr
od
uct
ion
©L
eon
idas
Feg
aras
Un
iver
sity
of
Tex
asat
Arl
ing
ton
Web
Dat
a M
anag
emen
t an
d X
ML
L1
:In
tro
du
ctio
n2
Info
rmat
ion
Cla
ss:
Tu
Th
5:3
0-6
:50
pm
Inst
ruct
or:
Leo
nid
asF
egar
as
Off
ice:
ER
B 6
53
(E
ng
inee
rin
g R
esea
rch
Bld
g)
Ph
on
e:8
17
-27
2-3
629
Em
ail:
feg
aras
@cs
e.u
ta.e
du
Off
ice
ho
urs
:T
ues
day
an
d T
hu
rsd
ay3
:30
-5:0
0p
m
GT
A:
Up
a G
up
tau
pa.
gu
pta
@m
avs.
uta
.ed
u
Cla
ss W
eb:
htt
ps:
//la
mb
da.
uta
.ed
u/c
se5
33
5/
Vis
it t
he
clas
s w
eb p
age
oft
en.
It w
ill
con
tain
rea
din
g a
ssig
nm
ents
, p
roje
ct d
escr
ipti
on
, cl
ass
no
tes,
gra
des
, et
c.
Web
Dat
a M
anag
emen
t an
d X
ML
L1
:In
tro
du
ctio
n3
Des
crip
tio
n
XM
L h
as b
eco
me
an i
mp
ort
ant
stan
dar
diz
atio
n f
or
dat
are
pre
sen
tati
on
an
d i
nfo
rmat
ion
exch
ang
e am
on
gIn
tern
et c
o-
op
erat
ive
app
lica
tio
ns.
This
co
urs
e p
rov
ides
an
in
dep
th s
tud
y o
f th
e ar
ea o
f w
eb d
ata
man
agem
ent
wit
h a
n e
mp
has
is o
n X
ML
sta
nd
ard
s an
d
tech
no
log
ies.
The
cou
rse
pri
mar
ily
co
ver
s th
e st
ate
of
the
art
in d
esig
nin
g a
nd
b
uil
din
gw
eb a
pp
lica
tio
ns
and
ser
vic
es,
pri
mar
ily
fo
cusi
ng
on
is
sues
an
dch
alle
ng
es t
hat
rev
olv
e ar
ou
nd
th
e m
anag
emen
t an
d
pro
cess
ing
of
XM
L d
ata.
Web
Dat
a M
anag
emen
t an
d X
ML
L1
:In
tro
du
ctio
n4
Pre
requ
isit
es
Pre
requ
isit
e: C
SE
33
30
/CS
E 5
33
0 (
Dat
abas
eS
yst
ems
I) o
r eq
uiv
alen
t
Stu
den
ts a
re e
xp
ecte
d t
oh
ave
a w
ork
ing
kn
ow
led
ge
of
Jav
a
SQ
L
bas
icH
TM
L
Stu
den
ts w
ith
ou
t ad
equ
ate
pre
par
atio
n a
re a
t su
bst
anti
al r
isk
of
fail
ing
this
co
urs
e
Web
Dat
a M
anag
emen
t an
d X
ML
L1
:In
tro
du
ctio
n5
Gra
din
g
The
fin
al g
rad
e w
ill
be
bas
ed o
n
50%
10
sm
all
pro
gra
mm
ing
ass
ign
men
ts
20%
mid
term
exam
30%
fin
alex
am (
com
pre
hen
siv
e)
Fin
al g
rades
wil
l b
e as
sig
ned
acc
ord
ing
to
the
foll
ow
ing
sca
le:
A:
sco
re >
= 9
0,
B:
80
<=
sco
re <
90
, C
: sc
ore
< 8
0
So
met
imes
, I
use
lo
wer
cu
toff
po
ints
, d
epen
din
gon
th
eov
eral
lp
erfo
rman
ce o
f th
e cl
ass
Yo
ur
gra
des
wil
l b
e av
aila
ble
on
-lin
e o
n t
he
cou
rse
web
pag
e
Web
Dat
a M
anag
emen
t an
d X
ML
L1
:In
tro
du
ctio
n6
Rea
din
g M
ater
ial
Ther
e is
no
req
uir
ed t
extb
oo
k b
ut
yo
u a
re e
xp
ecte
d t
o r
ead
man
yo
nli
ne
tuto
rial
s an
d r
efer
ence
s
Lin
ks
wil
lbe
giv
en o
ut
in c
lass
Man
y g
ood
on
lin
etu
tori
als,
eg
htt
p:/
/ww
w.w
3sc
ho
ols
.co
m/d
efau
lt.a
sp
Man
y b
oo
ks
on
web
pro
gra
mm
ing
an
d X
ML
sta
nd
ard
s
Pro
gra
mm
ing
th
eW
orl
d W
ide
Web
, by R
ob
ert
W.
Seb
esta
(7th
Ed
itio
n)
cov
ers
the
firs
t par
t of
the
cours
e (w
eb p
rogra
mm
ing)
See
the
syll
abu
s fo
r m
ore
reco
mm
end
ed b
ook
s
Web
Dat
a M
anag
emen
t an
d X
ML
L1
:In
tro
du
ctio
n7
Ex
ams
Bo
th e
xam
s ar
e o
pen
note
s
all
no
tes
mu
st b
ese
cure
ly b
oun
d i
n o
ne
no
teb
oo
k
no b
oo
ks
are
allo
wed
The
fin
al e
xam
wil
lco
ver
the
mat
eria
l fr
om
th
e fi
rst
lect
ure
up
to
an
d i
ncl
ud
ing
th
e la
st l
ectu
re
On
ce t
he
exam
gra
des
are
po
sted
, y
ou
wil
l h
ave
10
bu
sin
ess
day
s to
dis
pu
te y
ou
rg
rad
e an
d g
et y
ou
r ex
am r
e-ev
alu
ated
no r
e-ev
aluat
ion
wil
lbe
ente
rtai
ned
aft
er t
he
10
day
per
iod
No
mak
eup
ex
ams
wil
l b
e g
iven
un
less
ther
e is
a j
ust
ifia
ble
reas
on
(such
as
illn
ess,
sic
kn
ess
or
dea
th i
n t
he
fam
ily
)
Ify
ou
mis
s an
ex
am a
nd
yo
uca
n p
rov
e th
at y
ou
r re
aso
n i
sju
stif
iab
le,
yo
u s
ho
uld
arr
ang
e w
ith
th
e in
stru
cto
r to
tak
e th
em
akeu
p e
xam
wit
hin
a w
eek
fro
m t
he
reg
ula
r ex
am t
ime.
Fo
r an
yo
ther
cas
e, y
ou
wil
l g
et a
zer
o g
rad
e fo
rth
e m
isse
dex
am.
Web
Dat
a M
anag
emen
t an
d X
ML
L1
:In
tro
du
ctio
n8
Pro
gra
mm
ing
Ass
ign
men
ts
Ther
e w
ill
be
ten
sm
all
wee
kly
pro
gra
mm
ing
ass
ign
men
ts
Eac
h a
ssig
nm
ent
mu
st b
e d
on
e in
div
idu
ally
Det
ails
wil
l b
e g
iven
ou
t in
cla
ss
Lat
e p
roje
ctw
ill
be
mar
ked
20
poin
tso
ff p
er d
ay (
ou
t o
f 1
00
m
ax) So
, th
ere
is n
o p
oin
t su
bm
itti
ng
apro
ject
rep
ort
mo
re t
han
4 d
ays
late
!
Th
is p
enal
ty c
anno
t b
ew
aiv
ed,
un
less
th
ere
was
a c
ase
of
illn
ess
or
oth
ersu
bst
anti
al i
mp
edim
ent
bey
on
d y
our
contr
ol,
wit
h p
roo
fin
do
cum
ents
fro
m t
he
sch
oo
l
Web
Dat
a M
anag
emen
t an
d X
ML
L1
:In
tro
du
ctio
n9
So
ftw
are
Most
pro
ject
s w
ill
be
do
ne
inJa
va
(usi
ng
JD
K 6
)
but
som
e w
ill
be
do
ne
in J
avaS
crip
t, P
HP
, an
dX
Qu
ery
yo
u a
reex
pec
ted t
o h
ave
a w
ork
ing
kn
ow
led
ge
of
Jav
a, S
QL
, an
d H
TM
L
The
soft
war
e u
sed
for
the
pro
ject
s is
op
en-s
ou
rce,
fre
e, p
latf
orm
-in
dep
end
ent,
and
wel
l-su
ited
fo
r Ja
va:
Jav
a/w
eb d
evel
op
men
t p
latf
orm
: E
clip
se J
ava
EE
ID
E f
or
Web
Dev
elop
ers
(ver
sio
n:
Ind
igo)
Yo
u c
an d
o m
ost
of
the
pro
ject
s o
n y
our
PC
/lap
top
un
der
an
yp
latf
orm
Lin
ux
, M
AC
OS
X,
MS
Win
do
ws,
etc
dir
ecti
on
s o
f h
ow
to d
ow
nlo
ad t
he
req
uir
edso
ftw
are
wil
lbe
giv
eno
ut
incl
ass
Alt
ho
ug
h w
e w
ill
bri
efly
tal
kab
ou
tit
, w
ew
ill
no
t u
se M
icro
soft
AS
P.N
ET
(V
isu
al S
tud
io,C
#,
etc)
, si
nce
th
is f
ram
ework
is
pla
tfo
rm-d
epen
den
t (f
or
IIS
only
)
Web
Dat
a M
anag
emen
t an
d X
ML
L1
:In
tro
du
ctio
n1
0
Ch
eati
ng
All
wo
rk i
n t
his
clas
s m
ust
be
do
ne
ind
ivid
ual
ly.
No
cop
yin
g i
sp
erm
itte
d
Ch
eati
ng
inv
olv
es g
ivin
g a
ssis
tan
ce t
o o
r re
ceiv
ing
ass
ista
nce
fro
m o
ther
stu
den
ts o
rfr
om
oth
er i
ndiv
idu
als,
cop
yin
g m
ater
ial
fro
m t
he
web
, et
c
I st
rict
ly a
dh
ere
to t
he
Un
iver
sity
of
Tex
as a
t A
rlin
gto
n r
ule
s an
d
gu
idel
ines
fo
r h
and
lin
gv
iola
tio
ns
of
acad
emic
dis
ho
nes
ty.
Ple
ase
refe
r to
th
e p
amp
hle
t "C
HE
AT
ING
: D
efin
itio
ns
and
C
on
seq
uen
ces"
fo
r ad
dit
ion
al i
nfo
rmat
ion
Yo
u a
re r
equ
ired
to
sig
n a
nd
ret
urn
th
e st
atem
ent
abo
ut
acad
emic
dis
ho
nes
ty
Ifan
y o
ne
is c
aug
ht
for
chea
tin
g,o
r in
du
lge
in p
lag
iari
sm o
rco
llu
sio
n o
n a
pro
gra
mm
ing
ass
ign
men
t o
r on
a e
xam
, th
e g
rad
efo
r th
e en
tire
co
urs
e w
ill
be
an a
uto
mat
ic F
ail
gra
de
(F)
Web
Dat
a M
anag
emen
t an
d X
ML
L1
:In
tro
du
ctio
n1
1
Mis
cell
aneo
us
Dis
tance
Edu
cati
on
Stu
den
ts:
Th
e re
qu
irem
ents
fo
rd
ista
nce
ed
uca
tio
n s
tud
ents
are
the
sam
eas
fo
rre
gu
lar
stu
den
ts w
ith
the
poss
ible
exce
pti
on
of
the
exam
s
Ifyo
u a
rea
dis
tan
ceed
. st
ud
ent
and
wo
rk w
ith
in o
ne
ho
ur
dri
vin
g d
ista
nce
fro
m U
TA
, th
enyo
u n
eed t
o c
om
ean
d t
ake
the
exam
s in
per
son
. O
ther
wis
e, y
ou
wil
lh
ave
to f
ind
an
ex
am p
roct
or
on s
ite
to s
uper
vis
eth
eex
ams.
Th
ep
roct
or
can
no
tbe
anyo
ne
equ
alor
bel
ow
yo
ur
pay
gra
de
atyo
ur
off
ice,
un
less
it
is s
om
eone
in H
R t
hat
sp
ecia
lize
s in
pro
cto
ring
exam
s. T
he
pro
cto
r co
uld
be
som
eon
e fr
om
a l
oca
lsc
ho
ol,
tes
tin
g c
ente
r,
etc.
Th
e p
roct
or
mu
stb
e ap
pro
ved
by t
he
inst
ruct
or
and
ap
roct
or
agre
emen
t m
ust
be
sig
ned
. T
he
exam
wil
l b
e d
eliv
ered
to
a p
roct
or
in t
he
mo
rnin
g o
f th
e ex
amday
.
Sp
ecia
l A
cco
mm
od
atio
ns:
Ifyo
u r
equ
ire
an a
cco
mm
od
atio
n b
ased
on
dis
abil
ity,
Iw
ou
ld l
ike
to m
eet
wit
hyo
u i
nth
ep
riv
acy o
fm
y o
ffic
e, d
uri
ng
the
firs
tw
eek o
f th
e se
mes
ter,
to
mak
esu
reyo
u a
reap
pro
pri
atel
y a
ccom
mo
dat
ed.
Web
Dat
a M
anag
emen
t an
d X
ML
L1
:In
tro
du
ctio
n1
2
Ten
tati
ve
Sch
edu
le
Intr
od
uct
ion
an
d m
oti
vat
ion
Web
ap
pli
cati
on
dev
elo
pm
ent
Dynam
ic w
eb p
ages
HT
TP
GE
T/P
OS
T r
equ
ests
HT
ML
fo
rms
Cli
ent-
sid
epro
gra
mm
ing
(Jav
aScr
ipt)
XH
TM
L a
nd C
SS
style
shee
ts
Th
e d
ocu
men
t o
bje
ct m
od
el (
DO
M)
and
dyn
amic
HT
ML
Asy
nch
ron
ous
serv
er r
eques
ts (
AJA
X)
and
Xm
lHtt
pR
eques
t
Ser
ver
-sid
epro
gra
mm
ing
:P
HP
scr
ipts
Co
okie
s an
d s
essi
on
s
web
mas
hu
ps
Ser
vle
ts (
To
mca
t)
Jav
aS
erv
er P
ages
(JS
P)
Dat
abas
eco
nn
ecti
vit
y (
JDB
C)
Web
Dat
a M
anag
emen
t an
d X
ML
L1
:In
tro
du
ctio
n1
3
Ten
tati
ve
Sch
edu
le (
con
t.)
Clo
ud
com
pu
tin
g
Dis
trib
ute
dfi
le s
yst
ems
(HD
FS
, C
assa
nd
ra)
Th
e M
ap-R
edu
ce f
ram
ewo
rk (
Had
oo
p,
Hiv
e, P
ig)
Am
azo
n W
eb s
erv
ices
an
d E
last
icC
om
pu
te C
loud
(EC
2)
XM
L s
tan
dar
ds
DT
D a
nd
XM
L S
chem
a
XP
ath
XM
L p
rog
ram
min
g (
DO
M, S
AX
, S
tAX
)
XS
LT
XQ
uer
y
Jav
a/X
ML
dat
a b
ind
ing
(JA
XB
)
XM
L d
ata
mo
del
ing
Nat
ive
XM
Lst
ora
ge
man
agem
ent
Ind
exin
g t
ech
niq
ues
Xin
dic
ean
d B
erk
eley
DB
XM
L
Web
Dat
a M
anag
emen
t an
d X
ML
L1
:In
tro
du
ctio
n1
4
Ten
tati
ve
Sch
edu
le (
con
t.)
Rel
atio
nal
dat
abas
es a
nd
XM
L
XM
L s
hre
dd
ing
XM
L p
ub
lish
ing
XM
L o
n c
om
mer
cial
dat
abas
es(O
racl
eX
ML
DB
, S
QL
Ser
ver
SQ
LX
ML
)
XM
L d
ata
man
agem
ent
Qu
ery p
roce
ssin
g a
nd
op
tim
izat
ion
Up
dat
es a
nd V
iew
mai
nte
nan
ce
Inte
gri
ty c
onst
rain
ts
XM
L s
earc
h e
ng
ines
Info
rmat
ion r
etri
eval
Web
sear
ch e
ng
ines
XM
L r
ank
ing
Web
ser
vic
es
RE
ST
ful
vs
SO
AP
-bas
edw
eb s
erv
ices
Sta
nd
ard
s:S
OA
P,
WS
DL
, U
DD
I
Ax
is a
nd
JA
X-W
S
Web
Dat
a M
anag
emen
t an
d X
ML
L1
:In
tro
du
ctio
n1
5
Tra
dit
ion
alD
B A
pp
lica
tio
ns
Ty
pic
ally
bu
sin
ess
ori
ente
d
Lar
ge
amo
un
t o
f d
ata
Dat
a is
wel
l-st
ruct
ure
d,
no
rmal
ized
, w
ith
pre
def
ined
sch
ema
Lar
ge
nu
mb
er o
f co
ncu
rren
t u
sers
(tr
ansa
ctio
ns)
Sim
ple
dat
a, s
imp
le q
uer
ies,
an
d s
imple
upd
ates
Ty
pic
ally
up
dat
e in
ten
siv
e
Sm
all
tran
sact
ion
s
Hig
h p
erfo
rman
ce,
hig
h a
vai
lab
ilit
y,
scal
abil
ity
Dat
a in
teg
rity
an
dse
curi
ty a
re o
f m
ajo
r im
po
rtan
ce
Go
od
adm
inis
trat
ive
sup
po
rt,
nic
e G
UIs
Web
Dat
a M
anag
emen
t an
d X
ML
L1
:In
tro
du
ctio
n1
6
Do
cum
ent
Ap
pli
cati
ons
Hu
man
fri
end
ly:
wh
at-
you
-see
-is-
wha
t-yo
u-g
et p
arad
igm
Fo
cus
on
pre
sen
tati
on
Info
rmat
ion
is
div
ided
in
to m
ult
iple
sm
all
do
cum
ents
Most
ly s
tati
c
Imp
lici
t st
ruct
ure
: se
ctio
n,
subse
ctio
n,
par
agra
ph
, et
c
Met
a-d
ata:
tit
le,
auth
or,
dat
e, i
nd
exin
g k
eyw
ord
s, e
tc
Co
nte
nt
stru
ctu
re:
form
/lay
ou
t,in
ter-
rela
tio
nsh
ips,
refe
ren
ces
Tag
gin
g:
eg, <
p>
fo
r n
ew p
arag
rap
h
mar
ku
p l
ang
uag
es:
HT
ML
, X
ML
, ..
.
Op
erat
ion
s: r
etri
evin
g,
edit
ing
, sp
ell-
chec
kin
g,
pri
nti
ng
, et
c
Info
rmat
ion
Ret
riev
al:
sim
ple
key
wo
rd s
earc
h
mo
stsu
cces
sfu
lin
web
sea
rch
en
gin
es (
eg,
Goo
gle
)
Web
Dat
a M
anag
emen
t an
d X
ML
L1
:In
tro
du
ctio
n1
7
Inte
rnet
Ap
pli
cati
on
s
Inte
rnet
ap
pli
cati
on
s
use
het
ero
gen
eou
s, c
om
ple
x,
hie
rarc
hic
al,fa
st-e
vo
lvin
g,
un
stru
ctu
red
/sem
istr
uct
ure
d d
ata
acce
ss m
ost
ly r
ead
-on
ly d
ata
req
uir
e lo
ng
tran
sact
ions
(bu
sin
ess
pro
cess
es)
nee
d 1
00
% a
vai
lab
ilit
y
man
age
mil
lion
s o
f u
sers
wo
rld
-wid
e
hav
e h
igh
-per
form
ance
req
uir
emen
ts
are
conce
rned
wit
hse
curi
ty (
encr
yp
tio
n)
are
conce
rned
wit
hp
rese
nta
tio
n/i
nte
ract
ion
on
web
bro
wse
r
lik
e to
cu
sto
miz
e d
ata
in a
per
son
aliz
ed m
ann
er
exp
ect
togai
nuse
r’s
tru
st f
or
bu
sin
ess-
to-c
on
sum
ertr
ansa
ctio
ns
Web
Dat
a M
anag
emen
t an
d X
ML
L1
:In
tro
du
ctio
n1
8
Ele
ctro
nic
Co
mm
erce
Bo
thb
usi
nes
s-to
-bu
sin
ess
(B2
B)
and
bu
sin
ess-
to-c
on
sum
er
(B2
C)
inte
ract
ion
s
Fo
cus
on
sel
lin
g a
nd
bu
yin
g:
Ord
er m
anag
emen
t
Pro
du
ct c
atal
og
s
Pro
du
ct c
on
fig
ura
tio
n
Sal
es a
nd
mar
ket
ing
Ed
uca
tio
n a
nd
tra
inin
g
Web
ser
vic
es
Web
Dat
a M
anag
emen
t an
d X
ML
L1
:In
tro
du
ctio
n1
9
Oth
er W
eb A
ppli
cati
on
s
Web
Ser
vic
esR
esou
rce-
ori
ente
d:
RE
ST
ful
Web
Ser
vic
es
SO
AP
-bas
ed:
SO
AP
, W
SD
L,
UD
DI
Web
in
teg
rati
on
Het
ero
gen
eous
dat
aso
urc
es a
nd
typ
es
Th
ou
san
ds
of
web
-acc
essi
ble
dat
a so
urc
es
Dynam
ic d
ata
Dat
a w
areh
ouse
s
Web
pu
bli
shin
gA
cces
s d
iffe
ren
t ty
pes
of
con
ten
t fr
om
bro
wse
rs(P
DF
, H
TM
L,
XM
L)
Str
uct
ure
d,
dyn
amic
, cu
sto
miz
ed/p
erso
nal
ized
con
ten
t
Inte
gra
tio
n w
ith a
pp
lica
tio
n
Acc
essi
ble
via
maj
or
gat
eway
s an
d s
earc
h e
ng
ines
Ap
pli
cati
on
in
teg
rati
on
Tra
nsf
orm
atio
n b
etw
een d
iffe
ren
t d
ata
form
ats
(eg,
XM
L,
HT
ML
)
Inte
gra
tio
n o
f m
ult
iple
app
lica
tio
ns
Web
mas
hup
s W
eb D
ata
Man
agem
ent
and
XM
LL
1:
Intr
od
uct
ion
20
Cu
rren
t In
tern
et A
pp
lica
tio
n A
rch
itec
ture
s
Arc
hit
ectu
re:
Ser
ver-
Tie
r: r
elat
ion
ald
atab
ases
an
d g
atew
ays
tod
iver
se d
ata
sou
rces
, su
ch a
s, f
iles
, O
LE
/DB
etc
. U
se o
f en
terp
rise
ser
ver
s
Mid
dle
-Tie
r: p
rov
ides
dat
a in
teg
rati
on
& d
istr
ibu
tio
n,
qu
ery
, et
c.C
on
sist
s o
f a
web
ser
ver
or
an a
pp
lica
tio
n s
erv
er
Cli
ent-
Tie
r: m
ost
ly a
web
bro
wse
r, m
ay r
un
scr
ipts
Ch
arac
teri
stic
s:
Cu
sto
miz
atio
n i
s ac
hie
ved
at
the
serv
er s
ite
(cu
sto
mer
dat
a in
ad
atab
ase)
wit
h s
om
edat
a at
th
e cl
ien
t si
te (
coo
kie
s)
Lo
ad b
alan
cin
g i
sty
pic
ally
har
dw
are
bas
ed (
mu
ltip
le s
erv
ers,
D
NS
rou
ters
)
Web
Dat
a M
anag
emen
t an
d X
ML
L1
:In
tro
du
ctio
n2
1
HT
ML
<html>
<head><title>My Web Page</title></head>
<body>
<h1>Introduction</h1>
Lookat<ahref=”http://lambda.uta.edu/index.html”>this document</a>
<img src=”image.jpg”width=100 height=50>
</body>
</html>
It's
am
ark
up
lan
gu
age:
tex
t (c
on
ten
t) +
tag
s (c
on
tro
l m
ark
s)
Itis
ver
y s
imple
: h
um
an r
ead
able
, ca
n b
e ed
ited
by
an
y e
dit
or
Itre
flec
tsdo
cum
ent
pre
sen
tati
on
(la
yo
ut)
, n
ot
the
sem
anti
cs o
r st
ruct
ure
of
dat
a
Un
iver
sal:
po
rtab
le t
oan
y p
latf
orm
HT
ML
pag
es a
re c
on
nec
ted
th
rou
gh
hy
per
tex
t li
nk
s
HT
ML
pag
es c
an b
e lo
cate
d u
sing
web
sea
rch
eng
ines
Gre
at f
or
hu
man
-to
-hu
man
an
dh
um
an-t
o-m
ach
ine
inte
ract
ion
s
attr
ibu
te n
ame
attr
ibu
te v
alu
e
open
ing t
ag
clo
sin
g t
ag
hyper
tex
t li
nk
Web
Dat
a M
anag
emen
t an
d X
ML
L1
:In
tro
du
ctio
n2
2
Is H
TM
L A
pp
ropri
ate
for
Web
Inte
ract
ion
s?
Fo
r m
ach
ine-
to-m
ach
ine
inte
ract
ion
s, y
ou
wan
t to
ex
chan
ge
dat
a
not
inte
rest
ed i
ndat
apre
sen
tati
on
Nee
d t
ob
e ab
le t
o e
xtr
act
dat
a fr
agm
ents
an
d c
on
stru
ct n
ew o
nes
dif
ficu
lt t
o d
o t
his
in H
TM
L(s
eeX
HT
ML
and
Aja
x)
Nee
d t
ob
e ab
le t
o u
pd
ate
and
tra
nsf
orm
HT
ML
Nee
d a
un
iver
sal
dat
a re
pre
sen
tati
on
th
at i
s:
Go
od
for
dat
a ex
chan
ge
amo
ng
web
ap
pli
cati
on
s
sent
thro
ugh t
he
Inte
rnet
wit
hout
tran
sform
atio
n (
no d
ata
mar
shal
ing)
Po
wer
ful
eno
ug
h t
oca
ptu
re c
om
ple
xw
eb d
ata
Su
itab
le f
or
sto
rag
e o
n a
dat
abas
ese
rver
Am
enab
le t
oqu
eryin
g a
nd u
pd
atin
g
Des
crib
ed b
ypo
wer
ful
sch
ema
lan
gu
ages
requir
ed f
or
val
idat
ion o
f w
eb s
ervic
es
Ad
op
ted
by i
ndu
stry
support
edby
stan
dar
ds
pla
tform
an
dven
do
rin
dep
enden
t
Web
Dat
a M
anag
emen
t an
d X
ML
L1
:In
tro
du
ctio
n2
3
XM
L
XM
L (
eXte
nsi
ble
Mar
ku
p L
angu
age)
is
a te
xtu
al l
ang
uag
e fo
rre
pre
sen
tin
g a
nd
exch
ang
ing
dat
a o
n t
he
web
It i
s d
esig
ned
to
im
pro
ve
the
fun
ctio
nal
ity
of
the
Web
by
pro
vid
ing
mo
refl
exib
le a
nd
ad
apta
ble
in
form
atio
n
iden
tifi
cati
on
Bas
edon
SG
ML
XM
Lw
as d
evel
op
ed a
roun
d 1
99
6
It i
s ca
lled
ext
ensi
ble
bec
ause
it i
s n
ot
afi
xed
form
atli
ke
HT
ML
(a
sin
gle
, p
red
efin
ed m
ark
up
lan
gu
age)
it i
s ac
tual
lya
met
ala
ng
uag
e (a
lan
gu
age
for
des
crib
ing
oth
er l
ang
uag
es)
wh
ich l
ets
yo
u d
esig
n y
ou
row
n c
ust
om
ized
mar
ku
p l
ang
uag
es f
or
lim
itle
ss d
iffe
ren
t ty
pes
of
do
cum
ents
Web
Dat
a M
anag
emen
t an
d X
ML
L1
:In
tro
du
ctio
n2
4
XM
L (
con
t.)
XM
L c
an b
e u
nty
ped
(sem
istr
uct
ure
d),
bu
t th
ere
are
stan
dar
ds
for
sch
ema
confo
rman
ce
DT
D
XM
L S
chem
a
Wit
ho
ut
sch
ema,
an
XM
L d
ocu
men
t is
wel
l-fo
rmed
if
it s
atis
fies
sim
ple
sy
nta
ctic
con
stra
ints
:
tag
s al
way
s co
me
in m
atch
ing
sta
rt/e
nd
tags
pro
per
nes
tin
g o
f st
art
and e
nd
tags
a si
ng
le r
oo
tel
emen
t
Wit
h a
sch
ema,
an
XM
L d
ocu
men
t is
va
lid
if
its
stru
ctu
reco
nfo
rms
to a
DT
D o
r an
XM
L S
chem
a
Web
Dat
a M
anag
emen
t an
d X
ML
L1
:In
tro
du
ctio
n2
5
Ex
amp
le
<p
eop
le>
<p
erso
n>
<n
ame>
Leo
nid
as F
egar
as <
/nam
e>
<te
l> (
81
7)
27
2-3
62
9<
/tel
>
<em
ail>
feg
aras
@cs
e.u
ta.e
du
</e
mai
l>
</p
erso
n>
<p
erso
n>
<n
ame>
Ram
ez E
lmas
ri <
/nam
e>
<te
l> (
81
7)
27
2-2
34
8<
/tel
>
<em
ail>
elm
asri
@cs
e.u
ta.e
du
</e
mai
l>
</p
erso
n>
</p
eop
le>
Web
Dat
a M
anag
emen
t an
d X
ML
L1
:In
tro
du
ctio
n2
6
Wh
y X
ML
is
soP
op
ula
r?
Itlo
ok
s li
ke
HT
ML
sim
ple
, h
um
an-r
ead
able
, m
ach
ine-
read
able
, ea
syto
lea
rn,
univ
ersa
l
Fle
xib
le &
ex
ten
sib
le,
sin
ce y
ou
can
rep
rese
nt
any
kin
d o
f d
ata
unli
ke
HT
ML
HT
ML
des
crib
espre
sen
tati
on
wh
ile
XM
L d
escr
ibes
con
ten
t
Pre
cise
wel
l-fo
rmed
:pro
per
ly n
este
d X
ML
tag
s
vali
d:
its
stru
ctu
re m
ayco
nfo
rm t
o a
DT
D o
ran
XM
L S
chem
a
Su
pp
ort
edby
th
e W
3C
tru
sted
an
d a
dop
ted
by i
nd
ust
ry
Man
y s
tan
dar
ds
aro
un
d X
ML
: sc
hem
as,
qu
ery
lan
gu
ages
,et
c
Web
Dat
a M
anag
emen
t an
d X
ML
L1
:In
tro
du
ctio
n2
7
Wh
ere
do
th
e X
ML
dat
a co
me
from
?
Most
ly g
ener
ated
... b
ut
few
han
d-w
ritt
enX
ML
do
cum
ents
Web
-Ser
vic
es (
SO
AP
mes
sag
es,
WS
DL
des
crip
tio
ns)
XH
TM
L
dum
ps
from
rel
atio
nal
dat
abas
es (
dat
a p
ub
lish
ing
)
fro
m d
esk
top
app
lica
tio
ns
(MS
Off
ice
XM
L f
orm
at–
do
cx,
pptx
, ..
.)
con
figu
rati
on
file
s fo
r v
ario
us
apps
(eg
, fo
r th
e G
NO
ME
des
kto
p)
met
adat
a(e
g, M
PE
G-7
met
adat
a)
log
s, b
log
s, R
SS
, st
ock
fee
ds,
new
s fe
eds
...
Web
Dat
a M
anag
emen
t an
d X
ML
L1
:In
tro
du
ctio
n2
8
What
XM
Lhas
to
do
wit
h D
atab
ases
?
XM
L i
san
im
po
rtan
t st
andar
diz
atio
n f
or
dat
a re
pre
sen
tati
on
an
d
exch
ang
e, b
ut
we
stil
l n
eed
to s
tore
and
qu
ery l
arg
e re
po
sito
ries
of
XM
L d
ata
dat
am
od
els
and
sch
ema
repre
sen
tati
on
s
quer
y l
ang
uag
es,
dat
a in
dex
ing
, q
uer
yop
tim
izer
s
upd
ates
, vie
w m
ain
ten
ance
con
curr
ency
, d
istr
ibu
tion
, se
curi
ty, et
c
Nee
d b
oth
hea
vy-d
uty
dat
abas
es a
t th
ese
rver
-sid
efo
r st
ori
ng d
ata,
an
d
the
XM
L f
orm
atfo
r ex
chan
gin
g d
ata
bet
wee
n a
pp
lica
tio
ns
Web
Dat
a M
anag
emen
t an
d X
ML
L1
:In
tro
du
ctio
n2
9
XM
LS
yn
tax
XM
Lco
nsi
sts
of
tag
s an
d t
ext
Tex
t is
bo
un
ded
by
tag
s. C
DA
TA
:ch
ara
cter
da
ta.
<ti
tle>
Th
e B
ig S
leep<
/tit
le>
<year>
19
35
</y
ear>
A C
DA
TA
sect
ion
is
tex
tw
itho
ut
mar
ku
p (
tag
s)
yo
u c
an't
use
<or&
but
yo
u m
ay u
se&
lt;
or&
am
p;
May
wra
pth
ete
xt
aro
un
d
<![
CD
ATA
[an
d
]]>
<![
CD
ATA
[<sen
der>
John
Sm
ith
</s
ender>
]]>
sam
e as
:&
lt;s
end
er&
gt;
Joh
nSm
ith&
lt;/
sen
der&
gt;
Co
mm
ents
:
<!-
- decla
rati
on
s f
or
<head>
& <
bod
y>
-->
Web
Dat
a M
anag
emen
t an
d X
ML
L1
:In
tro
du
ctio
n3
0
XM
L S
yn
tax
(co
nt.
)
Sp
ecia
l ch
arac
ters
in C
DA
TA
:
&#x
xx
;w
her
e x
xx i
s th
eA
SC
IIoct
aln
um
ber
of
the
char
acte
r
eg,
&#
16
0;
fo
rsp
ace
Yo
u m
ay d
efin
e sp
ecia
l ch
arac
ters
as
enti
ties
(in
DT
D):
<!E
NTIT
Y n
bsp "
&#
160;"
>
Use
in
CD
AT
A:
&nb
sp;
So
me
pre
def
ined
en
titi
es:
&am
p;
<
;&
gt;
&ap
os;
"
Pro
cess
ing
inst
ruct
ion
s:
<?applicati
on-n
am
e p
ara
m=
“valu
e”
...
?>
PC
DA
TA
(P
arse
d C
har
acte
r D
ata)
: ch
arac
ters
to b
ep
arse
d b
yth
eX
ML
par
ser
con
tain
s bo
thC
DA
TA
an
d m
arku
p t
hat
con
stit
ute
val
id X
ML
syn
tax
Web
Dat
a M
anag
emen
t an
d X
ML
L1
:In
tro
du
ctio
n3
1
XM
L S
yn
tax
(co
nt.
)
Tag
s co
me
inm
atch
ing
pai
rs:
<date
>8
/25
/20
04
</d
ate
>
A t
agn
ame
mu
st s
tart
wit
h l
ette
r o
r u
nd
ersc
ore
an
d c
an c
on
tain
o
nly
lett
ers,
nu
mber
s, h
yp
hen
s, p
erio
ds,
an
d u
nd
ersc
ore
s
Nam
e::
=N
ameS
tart
Char
(Nam
eChar
)*
Nam
eSta
rtC
har
::=
":"
| [A
-Z]
| "_
"|[
a-z]
Nam
eChar
::=
Nam
eSta
rtC
har
| "-"
| "."
|[0
-9]
Fo
r ea
ch o
pen
ing
tag
th
ere
mu
st b
e a
mat
chin
g c
losi
ng
tag
Tag
s m
ust
be
pro
per
lyn
este
d:
val
id n
esti
ng:
<pers
on>
<n
am
e>
...<
/nam
e>
...<
/pers
on>
inv
alid
nes
tin
g:<
pers
on
><
nam
e>
...<
/pers
on>
...<
/nam
e>
An
XM
L d
oc
mu
st h
ave
exac
tly
on
eel
emen
t, c
alle
d t
he
roo
t
XM
L d
ecla
rati
on
:
op
tion
al,
at t
he
beg
innin
g o
f X
ML
do
c
<?xm
l vers
ion=
"1.0
" encodin
g=
"UTF-8
"?>
Web
Dat
a M
anag
emen
t an
d X
ML
L1
:In
tro
du
ctio
n3
2
XM
LE
lem
ents
An
ele
men
t is
a s
egm
ent
of
an X
ML
do
cum
ent
bet
wee
n a
n
op
enin
g a
nd
th
e m
atch
ing
clo
sin
g t
ags
<p
erso
n>
<n
ame>
Ram
ezE
lmas
ri <
/nam
e>
<te
l> (
81
7)
27
2-2
348
</t
el>
<em
ail>
elm
asri
@cs
e.u
ta.e
du
</e
mai
l>
</p
erso
n>
An
ele
men
t m
ay c
on
tain
a m
ixtu
reof
sub
-ele
men
ts a
nd
CD
AT
A
<ti
tle>
An
<em
>el
emen
t</e
m>
is
ase
gm
ent<
/tit
le>
An
ab
bre
via
tio
n:
for
an e
lem
ent
wit
h e
mp
ty c
onte
nt,
we
can
use
:
<ta
gn
ame/
>
inst
ead
of:
<ta
gn
ame>
</t
agn
ame>
Web
Dat
a M
anag
emen
t an
d X
ML
L1
:In
tro
du
ctio
n3
3
Rep
rese
nti
ng
Dat
a U
sin
g X
ML
●N
esti
ng
tag
s ca
nbe
use
d t
o e
xp
ress
var
iou
s st
ruct
ure
s, s
uch
as a
reco
rd:
<p
erso
n> <
nam
e> R
amez
Elm
asri
</n
ame>
<te
l> (
81
7)
27
2-2
348
</t
el>
<em
ail>
elm
asri
@cs
e.u
ta.e
du
</e
mai
l>
</p
erso
n>
We
can
rep
rese
nt
a li
stb
y u
sin
g t
he
sam
e ta
g r
epea
ted
ly:
<ad
dre
sses
>
<p
erso
n>
...
</p
erso
n>
<p
erso
n>
...
</p
erso
n>
<p
erso
n>
...
</p
erso
n>
...
</a
ddre
sses
>
Web
Dat
a M
anag
emen
t an
d X
ML
L1
:In
tro
du
ctio
n3
4
XM
L s
tru
ctu
re
XM
L:
<p
erso
n>
<n
ame>
Ram
ez E
lmas
ri <
/nam
e>
<te
l>(8
17
) 2
72
-23
48
</t
el>
<em
ail>
elm
asri
@cs
e.u
ta.e
du
</e
mai
l>
</p
erso
n>
in L
isp
:
(per
son
(n
ame
“R
amez
Elm
asri
”)
(tel
“(8
17)
272-2
348
”)
(em
ail
“el
mas
ri@
cse.
uta
.edu
”))
as
a t
ree
data
str
uct
ure
:
per
son
nam
ete
lem
ail
Ram
ez E
lmas
ri(8
17
) 2
72
-23
48
elm
asri
@cs
e.u
ta.e
du
Web
Dat
a M
anag
emen
t an
d X
ML
L1
:In
tro
du
ctio
n3
5
Att
ribu
tes
An
op
enin
g t
ag m
ay c
on
tain
att
rib
ute
s
typ
ical
ly u
sed
to
des
crib
e th
e co
nte
nt
of
an e
lem
ent
<auth
or
ssn=
"2787901">
<nam
e>
Ram
ez E
lmasri
</n
am
e>
<em
ail>
elm
asri
@cse.u
ta.e
du <
/em
ail>
</a
uth
or>
Yo
u m
ay h
ave
mu
ltip
le a
ttri
bu
tes
in a
n o
pen
ing
tag
bu
t ea
ch a
ttri
bu
te n
ame
mu
stb
ed
iffe
ren
t
It's
no
t al
way
scl
ear
wh
en t
o u
se a
ttri
bu
tes
<au
tho
r>
<ssn
>2
787
90
1<
/ssn>
<n
am
e>
Ra
mez E
lmasri
</n
am
e>
<e
mail>
elm
asri
@cse
.uta
.ed
u<
/em
ail>
</a
uth
or>
ID a
ttri
bu
tes
are
spec
ial:
mu
st b
e u
niq
ue
wit
hin
the
do
cum
ent
An
ID
ref
attr
ibu
te m
ust
ref
er t
o a
n e
xis
tin
g I
D i
n t
he
sam
e d
oc
Web
Dat
a M
anag
emen
t an
d X
ML
L1
:In
tro
du
ctio
n3
6
Ref
eren
cin
g E
lem
ents
Usi
ng I
Ds/
IDre
fs
<fa
mil
y>
<p
erso
n id
="j
ane"
moth
er=
"mar
y"
fath
er=
"jo
hn">
<n
ame>
Jan
e D
oe
</n
ame>
</p
erso
n>
<p
erso
n i
d=
"jo
hn
" ch
ild
ren
="j
ane
jack
">
<n
ame>
Jo
hn
Do
e <
/nam
e> <
mo
ther
/>
</p
erso
n>
<p
erso
n i
d=
"mar
y"
chil
dre
n=
"jan
e j
ack
">
<n
ame>
Mar
yD
oe
</n
ame>
</p
erso
n>
<p
erso
n
id=
"jac
k"
mo
ther
="m
ary"
fath
er=
"jo
hn
">
<n
ame>
Jac
k D
oe
</n
ame>
</p
erso
n>
</f
amil
y>