pres solar cooling

8/9/2019 Pres Solar Cooling

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Solar cooling

Solar coolingWimolsiri Pridasawas

Teclemariam Nemariam


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Solar cooling

Contents Introduction

Solar cooling path and local conditions

Performances

Refrigerants Heat-driven systems

Electricity-driven systems

Comparisons

Review from the ISES congress


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Solar cooling

Solar Cooling Paths

Solar Thermal

Collectors-Flat Plate

-Evacuated Tube-Concentrating 70C

Flat Plate

100C

150C

ETC

Concentrating

300C

heat

Dessicant cycle

Ejector cycle

Absorption

Rankine cycle

Adsorption

Chemical reaction

Thermo-electric cycle

Vapour compression

Stirling cycle

20C

0C

8C

15C

Freezing

Food,

Vaccine Storage

Air-conditioning


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Solar cooling

)( WQ

QCO

in

e

!

W

QCO eelec !

COP of the refrigeration sub-system

Thermal-driven system

Electricity-driven system

Performance


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Solar cooling

System Performance STR (System Thermal Ratio)?

SEE (System electrical efficiency)?

System efficiency??

)( Ws

esystem

!L

s

e

Q

QS R !

W

QSEE e!


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Solar cooling

Working fluids

Solar collector

sub-cycle

Refrigeration sub-

cycle

Generator

Evaporator

Condenser Ejector

Pump

Throttle

valve

Solar Collector

W

Qs

Qe

Qc

5


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Solar cooling

Refrigerants

1. Physical and thermodynamics characteristics

2. Environmental impact

3. Safety4. Economic and availability


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Solar cooling

Basic Refrigeration Cycle

Condenser

or tor

Compressor

xp.

device PV

electricity


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Solar cooling

Heat-driven systems

Absorption

E p valve

Condenser

Regulating

valve Pump

Heate changer

Solarcollector

Absorber

Generator

Evaporator


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Solar cooling

Heat-driven systems

Adsorption

or er

Condenser

vaporator

Qcs

or er

Condenser

vaporator

Desor ed

vapour

Refrigeration Regeneration


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Solar cooling

Heat-driven systems

Chemical reaction

Captor-adsorber generator

Condenser

Evaporator

Reservoir

gas

liquid


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Solar cooling

Heat-driven systems

Desiccant system

esiccant Wheel Heat E changer

Wheel

Humidifier

Humidifier

Heater


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Solar cooling

Heat-driven systems

Rankine

Electricityproduction

Exp.

device

Alternator

Compressor

Pump

Condenser

Boiler

Tur ine

Evaporator

Condenser


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Solar cooling

Heat-driven systems

Ejector

Generator

Evaporator

Condenser

Ejector

Pump

E p.

device

Solar Collector


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Solar cooling

PV-driven systems

Thermo-electric (Peltier)


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Solar cooling

PV-driven systems

Stirling

Heatexchanger HeatExchanger

Compression

piston Epansio

n

piston

E pansion

spaceCompression

space

Heat

source

Cold

sideHot

sideRegen

era

t

r


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Solar cooling

Sys te m s

P o w erfo r1W o f

refri ge ration

effec t

(W )

C O PW ork in g

F lu id sA p p lic a ti o n s Advan ta g e s D isadva ntag es

V ap or- c o m pres s io n

12-50 3-5R13 4a,

R290 ,

or etc .

Re frigeration

- H igh COP

- Lo n g te rm e p e r ience

and w id el c om m e rc ial

ava ilable

- Adjustable from a

small to a la rge s s tem

- Installation cost is h igh

and it re q u ires batter

fo r en er g b a ck up .

Th erm o -electr ic (P e ltier)

A few W 0.5 - Re frigeration

- No work ing flu id and

no mov ing parts

- u iet

- Sma ll s iz e and light

w e ight

- Low COP

- ifficult to ach ieve a low

re frigeration

temperature

- Low re liab ilit esp ec iall

when the power suppl

is cut.

S tirlin g

3-17 3He,

H2,

A ir

Re frigeration

- H igh COP for h igh

temperature d ifference

- Can be used forcr ogen ic applica tions

and it is mechan ical l

more s imple than other

application for low

temperature operation .

- Env ironmental friendl

work ing flu id

- Mob ilit and light

w e ight

- H igh production cost

- Comple it in des ign

P N PP N N

Heat absorb ing sur fac e

Heat rejecting sur fac e

Q1

Q2

t1

t2

PV

Hot s ide

Cold s ide

Condenser

Evaporator

Compressor

E

p.

de v ice PV

electric it

Hea texchanger Hea tExchanger

Compression

piston E

pans

ion

piston

E

pansion

spaceCompress ion

space

Heat

source

Cold

s ide

Ho t

s ideRegenerat

or

Re m ark : CO P is a coe ff ic ient o f performance o f the re frigeratio n su b- s s te m . I t shows how m uch heat can be removed from a cold reg ion for

each un it o f e ne rg u se d.

Photovo ltaic-driven systems


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Solar cooling

S y stem s

Gen. /

Regen.

emp.

(C )

COPW or

in g

F l i sApp lications A d vantages D isad vantages

A b sorption

8 0-1 900 .6 -0 .8

(s in g le st age)

1 .(2 st ag es )

N H /H2

O ,

H2

O /LiC l,

H2

O /L iBr

efrig eratio n

an d

Ai r-c onditio n

- O n ly on emoving pa rt

(pump)

it po ss ib ly no

moving pa rt fo ra sm a ll

system

- Lo w -temperature ea t

sup p ly is po ss ib le.

- Lo w C O P

- It cannot ac

ieve ave ry lowevaporating temperature.

- T e system is qui te

com p lica ted .

A d sorption

8 0-3 00 0 .3-0 .8

H2

O /Zeo lite, e t an o l/

Act iv a ted

carbo n

R efrig eratio n

- N omoving pa rt (exc ep t

va lve )

- Lo w op eratin g

temperature can be

ac ieved.

- T erm a l C OP is qui te

high compared toothe r

he a t op eratin g system .

- High weigh t an dpo or t he rm a l

conduct iv ity of the ad sorbe n t.

Fo rhigh cap ac ity system , it

can cau se lon g-term

prob lem s .

- Lo w op eratin g press urerequi rem en t m akes it difficu lt

to achieve ai r-t ig htne ss .

- Ve ry sen s itiv e to low

tem pe ra ture espe c ia lly the

de crea s in g tem pera ture

du rin g nigh tt im e.

- I t is an in term itten t system .

Desiccant

0-1 00 0 . -1 . w ater Ai r-c onditio n

- Env ironmenta lly

friend ly , w ater is used

as the w ork ing fluid.

- C an be in teg rated w ithave ntilatio nan d

he a tin g system .

- It cannot fu nct io nprop erly

in ahumid area .

- I t is no t ap prop ria tefo ran

area w he rew ater issc arc ity .

- R equi res main tenancedu e

tomoving pa rt in a ro tor

whee l.

Ejector

8 0-1 50 0 .3-0 .8

W a ter,

bu tan e,

R 14 1b,

R 245 fa ,

oretc .

Ai r-c onditio n

- Lo w temperature he at

sou rc e can be used .

- Lo w op eratin gan d

inst a llation cost .

-Lo w C O P

o rbe r

C o n d e n se r

Eva p o ra to r

Qcs

o rbe r

C o n d e n s e r

Eva p o ra to r

D eso rbe d

va p o u r

Refrigerat ion R egeneration

D es icc an t W he e l He a t Exc h a n g e r

W he e l

H u m id if ier

H u m id if ier

He a te r

en e ra to r

Eva p o ra to r

C o n d e n se r

Ej ect o r

P u m p

Ex p.

d e vic e

So la r Co ll ect o r

So l r t r l- ri t

Ex p va lve

C o n d e n s e r

R e g u la t ing

va lve P u m p

He a texc h a n g e r

Solarcollector

Ab s o rbe r

en e ra to r

Eva p o ra to r


19/21

Solar cooling

Review from ISES Solar assisted air-conditioning of buildings an

overview

Hans-Martin Henning and Edo Wiemken

Desiccant cooling technology powered by solar thermalair collector systems

Ursula Eicker, Martin Huber, Uwe Schurger, JurgenSchumacher, Andreas Trinkle

Prototype for a novel solar powered ejector air-conditioning system in Mazunte, Mexico

J.L. Wolpert, S.B. Riffat and S. Redshaw


20/21

Solar cooling

Development of an Optimised solar deriven Diffusion-absorption cooling machine

Uli Jakob, Ursula Eicker, Ahmed H. Taki, Malcon J. Cook.

Project Description Solar cooling system in Pristina/Kosovo

Ernst MeiBner and Christian Holter

Solar assisted Cooling of the New Federal EnvironmentAgency Building in Dessau

Edo Weimken and Hans-Martin Henning Evaluation of a Zeolite-water Solar adsorption Refrigerator

Miguel Ramos, Rafael L. Espinoza, Manfred J. Horn, AntonioPralon, Ferreira Leite

Thermo chemical Accumulator - TCAFrederik Setterwall, Chris Bales, Gran Bolin


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Solar cooling

T

hank you.

pres solar cooling

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