prescription drugs and other illegal substances
DESCRIPTION
Kerry Herndon, MSW, LAC-E Western Montana Addiction Services Project SUCCESS- Sentinel HS. Prescription Drugs and Other Illegal Substances. A few facts first…. (Tip: Rx= Prescription). Mixing substances is NEVER a good idea 300 die in MT per yr from Rx drug use - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Prescription Drugs and Other Illegal Substances
Kerry Herndon, MSW, LAC-EWestern Montana Addiction ServicesProject SUCCESS- Sentinel HS
A few facts first…. (Tip: Rx= Prescription)
Mixing substances is NEVER a good idea 300 die in MT per yr from Rx drug use MT ranks #3 in the nation for Rx drug abuse Rx drugs are easy to obtain Street value is high, so those who have them are
making $ U.S. consumes 80% of the worlds opiate supply ER’s: alcohol & Rx drug use in combination 50% most DUI related blood draws contain other
substances in addition to alcohol 20% of people in the U.S. have used Rx drugs for
non-medical purposes Everyday (in the U.S.) about 2,000 teens use Rx
drugs for recreation for the first time
Why do people abuse Rx Drugs?a quick-fix family history/lack of nurturing
parentsearly aggressive or impulse behavior peer pressure low self-esteemBoredomescape realitydrug availability, and belief that drug abuse is o.k.
Ways Rx Drugs are Abused Taking drugs prescribed to someone else Using old, unfinished prescriptions to treat
a condition for which the drug was not originally prescribed.
Taken in ways other than as directed Not waiting long enough between doses Taking more than what is prescribed Crushing/scrapping pills and snorting
them Chewing them rather than swallowing
them Injecting them
Anna Nichole Smith Chloral hydrate Clonazepam Lorazepam Oxazepam Diazepam Diphenydramine An antihistamine Topiramate Anticonvulsant The doses of each substance alone does not
cause death; however, combining them causes respiratory depression and death.
Skittles Parties
What is in the bowl?How will your body will react?How it will interact with other drugs
or medications you are taking?Very dangerous!Turn and Run!
Oxycodone/Oxycontin “Oxy” Opiate Used for pain relief Lots of existing health conditions can be
complicated by taking these drugs. Interacts negatively with many other substances Abuse can cause:
Nausea Dizziness Loss of Appetite Dry Mouth Mood Swings Difficulty Breathing Headache Withdrawal
Heath Ledger
Oxycodone HydrocodoneAlprazolamDiazepam, TemazepamDoxylamine
Caused respiratory depression and, when combined, can be deadly.
Lortab/Hydrocodone/VicodinLortab and Vicodin are a combination
of acetaminophen (Tylenol) and hydrocodone.
Hydrocodone Opiate Used for pain relief & sometimes cough Causes:▪ Respiratory Depression▪ Depresses Central Nervous System▪ Has a long list of possible side effects
Benzodiazepine “Benzos” Used as a muscle relaxant, to treat
anxiety, insomnia, agitation, seizures, muscle spasms, alcohol withdrawal, and premedication for medical procedures.
Examples: Xanax, Valium, Diazepam, Klonopin
Many possible side effects from misuse or combining with other substances.
Michael Jackson
Propofol LorazepamDiazepamMidazolam Cardiac arrest
Barbiturates
Sedative- HypnoticMild sedation to complete anesthesiaVery dangerous in overdose
Many celebrity accidental overdosesDepresses or stops central nervous
systemAny drug that’s name ends in “barbital”
Judy Garland
Barbiturates
Methadone
Synthetic opiatePrescribed mostly to help with opiate
withdrawal symptoms and reduce cravings
Controversial for drug treatmentMany reactions with other drugs.
Amphetamines Examples: Adderall, Ritalin, Concerta Physical effects: hyperactivity, blood shot eyes,
headache, heart rate increases, blood pressure increases or decreases, heart palpitations, insomnia, tremors, fever, blurred vision, tremors, dry mouth, skin issues/acne, convulsions, seizure, stroke, coma, heart attack or death.
Psychological effects: euphoria, anxiety, alertness, concentration, sociability, irritability, energy, changes in self-esteem or confidence, aggression, obsessive behaviors, paranoia.
Brittany Murphy
Primary cause of death was thought to be pneumonia and iron deficiency anemia
Hydrocodone (for cough and chest pain), Acetaminphen (for fever), Chlorpheniramine (an antihistamine for
runny nose) L-methamphetamine (possibly from the
decongestant pseudoephedrine)
Huffing Inhalants Whippits Deliberate inhalation of fumes, vapors, or gases Over 2.6 million children, aged 12 – 17, use an Inhalant
each year 1 in 4 students in America has intentionally huffed by the
time they reach the eighth grade. Inhalants tend to be the drug that is tried first by children. 59% of children are aware of friends huffing at age 12. Inhalants are the fourth most-abused substance after
alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana.
Huffing (part 2) The number of lives claimed by Inhalant Abuse
each year is unknown because these deaths often are attributed to other causes.
Death can occur the first time -Sudden Sniffing Death Syndrome, suffocation, choking, or a fatal injury.
Effects the brain, heart, kidneys and liver, and other organs
Inhalants can be addictive Progression to illegal drugs or alcohol abuse.
Cocaine Crack, Coke, Dust, Toot, Snow, Blow, Sneeze, powder, Lines, Rock Comes from the leaves of a coca plant Used by: Smoking, Snorting, Eating, Injecting Rapid intense high followed by intense feelings of
depression, edginess and craving for more Difficulty sleeping, increased heart rate, muscle
spasms, convulsions, damage to nasal cavity/tissue, loss of appetite, heart attacks, seizures, strokes, respiratory failure and blood shot eyes.
Makes you feel paranoid, angry, hostile, anxious even when you are not high.
Interferes with the brain processes Feelings of pleasure diminished (need to use
more) Combining with other drugs or alcohol can be
deadly.
Cocaine (Part 2) Expensive! Risk of disease from sharing needles –
hepatitis, HIV/AIDS, etc. Increased risk of sexual assault,
unplanned pregnancy. Increased feelings of depression Gives the illusion of power and energy Most often leaves users feeling
emotionally, physically and sexually unable to function.
Heroin Smack, H, Skag, Junk, Dope, Shot, Dragon, Tar, White, Snow, Mexican Mud
Opiate Used by: Injecting, snorting, smoking Usually a white or brown powder Sometimes a black sticky substance
“black tar heroin” Converted to morphine in the brain Withdrawal: restlessness, muscle/bone pain,
insomnia, diarrhea, vomiting, cold flashes, kicking movement
Sometimes treated w/ other medication, such as methadone
Heroin
Surge of euphoria, dry mouth, flush skin, heavy extremities, clouded head
Slows breathing, sleep patterns affected, blood pressure
Prolonged use: collapsed veins, infection of heart lining and valves, abscesses, liver disease, kidney disease, heart problems, pneumonia, clogged blood vessels, brain damage
Infectious diseases from needle use
Ecstasy/Molly/MDMA Psychedelic drug MDMA active substance Ecstasy usually a pill form Often mixed with other things Molly powered or crystalline form (pure) Euphoria, sense of intimacy with others, decreased anxiety,
and is usually followed by fatigue. Difficulty concentrating, jaw clenching, grinding of teeth,
no appetitie, dry mouth, increased anxiety/paranoia, depression, irritability, emotional sensitivity, dizziness, vertigo, hyperactivity, hypertension, heart attack, damage to the heart, hyperthermia, stroke, loss of consciousness, coma or death.
Reduction of serotonin and dopamine Some studies show positive effects for some health
conditions, but so far the risks outweigh the benefits.
Bath Salts Designer drug (synthetic/man made) Most use in the USA was discovered between 2010 and
2011, use increased after it was reported in the news Effects similar to amphetamine and cocaine White crystals resemble salts made for bathing States on package “not for human consumption” Can be swallowed, snorted, smoked or injected Symptoms include: headache, heart palpitations, nausea,
cold fingers, hallucinations, paranoia, panic attacks, violent behavior, heart attack, kidney failure, liver failure and suicide.
Increases pain tolerance Those using have dilated pupils, involuntary muscle
movement, rapid heartbeat and high blood pressure. Most users have a history of mental health issues
Sizzurp/Dextromethorphan Cough suppressant Dissociative hallucinogen Causes visual distortion, distorted body perception,
feelings of dissociation, excitement, loss of sense of time, stimulant like-euphoria
Side effects for recreational users: vomiting, blurred vision, blood shot eyes, dialated pupils, sweating, fever, hypotension, slowed breathing, diarrhea, muscle spasms, passing out and blacking out.
SIZZURP/PURPLE DRANK: Cough syrup (usually with codeine) Fruit flavored soda Jolly Rancher Mentioned in a lot of music and popular in hip-hop culture Many deaths associated with using Drowsiness, hallucinations, vision changes, nausea, confusion, difficulty
breathing RED SOLO CUP! Cough syrup frozen in the cup and then soda inside.
Pimp C
Promethazine (Sizzurp) Codeine syrup (Sizzurp) Respiratory depression
Meth Amphetamine/Stimulant Originated in 1919 in Japan --- military use Taken by just about any means imaginable Called by many names Distributed in many colors Very addictive Serotonin/Dopamine receptors damaged Bugs in skin Significant withdrawal symptoms Long-term complications form minimal use Causes: Alertness, euphoria, improved
concentration, mania, anxiety, increased self-esteem, aggressiveness, obsessive behaviors, paranoia
Meth (part 2) Can induce: anorexia, hyperactivity, dilated
pupils, flushed skin, excessive sweating, restlessness, dry mouth, headache, increased or slowed heart beat, irregular heart beat, rapid breathing, high/low blood pressure, fever, diarrhea, constipation, vision changes, dizziness, twitching, insomnia, numbness, tremors, skin issues, convulsions, and heart attack.
Ketamine Special K, Vitamin K, Kit Kat, Cat Valium, KHorse Tranquilizer/AnestheticCan cause loss of memoryUsed mostly as a club drug/raves Injected, consumed or smokedSometimes used as a date rape drugDifficult to move or talkFloating sensation
LSD/ Acid Usually taken orally, but can also be injected Altered thinking, different visual experiences, altered sense
of time, spiritual experiences, increased appetite, wakefulness, numbness, weakness, nausea, hypo/hyperthermia, elevated blood sugar, chills, heart rate increases, sweating, increased saliva production, tremors, and metallic taste.
Can cause anxiety, paranoia, and delusions. May result in personality changes, see colors differently, seeing patterns or movement in solid things, los of identity, ability to process emotion, panic attacks, psychosis, and “flashbacks”.
PCP Angel dust or wet Used by: ingesting, smoking or inhaling Powder and liquid forms often sprayed onto a
leafy material such as cannabis, mind, oregano, parsley, etc. then smoked.
Causes numbness, staggering, slurred speech, bloodshot eyes, loss of balance, convulsions, changes in body image, paranoia, hallucinations, aggressive behavior, euphoria, suicidal impulses, animated, detached, feelings of strength or power, dilated pupils, amnesia, delusions, and skin dryness.
Mushrooms
Usually eatenCause hallucinations, perception
disorder, perceptual disturbances (especially when mixed with marijuana).
Audio, visual, tactile changes
Rohypnol
BenzodiazepineSimilar to valium“Date Rape Drug”Suppresses CNSCauses blackouts and
unconsciousnessMemory loss
Caffeine/Energy Drinks
StimulantFound in many drinks & chocolateCan be taken as a pillEnergy drinks associated with deaths5 hr energy – In the news!Ligament formationSports injuryHip and joint issues
Mixing Energy and AlcoholBAD NEWS!Energy Drink: Stimulant
Increases heart beat Increase blood pressure
Alcohol: Depressant Slows your heart beat Increases blood pressure
Alcohol Poisoning
Nicotine
Jimi Hendrix
SecobarbitalBrallobarbitalAntihistamineHydroxyzineAlcoholAsphyxiated on vomit
Salvia Divinorum A psychoactive mint, used in traditional spiritual practices
by the Mazatec people of Mexico Contains a naturally occurring hallucinogen Most potent when smoked and is comparable in potency to
LSD (powder form) Can be ingested in a liquid extract form. Green plant leaves or liquid extract Causes dramatic and scary states of mind Can be subtle to a full-psychedelic experience Can cause intense hallucinatory experience (particularly
when smoked)
Anabolic Steroids
Pills or injectedBuild muscleAggression, Anger, ViolenceChanges our hormone balanceCauses problems with our sex hormones and organs
Designer Drugs
A lot out thereNew stuff all the timeBeing mixed with other drugsToo new to know the long-term
effectsBe Smart!
Elvis Presley
Fourteen different medications in his system
Including several barbiturates
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