present status of the indonesia tsunami early warning ... · indonesia tsunami early warning ......
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DKP
BAPPENAS
ITBTNIBAKOSURTANALBPPT LAPAN LIPI
BMG ESDM KOMINFODEPLU BAKORNAS PBPDEPDAGRI
POLRI
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 2 - 6 April 2007
WMO Regional Seminar on Enhancing Service Deliveryby National Meteorological and Hydrological Services (NMHSs)
In Regional Association V (South-West Pacific)
Present Status of thePresent Status of theIndonesia Tsunami Early Warning SystemIndonesia Tsunami Early Warning System
((InaTEWSInaTEWS))
Presented by :Prof. Dr. Mezak A. Ratag
Director for Research & Development
INDONESIA METEOROLOGICAL & GEOPHYSICAL AGENCY (BMG) BMGBMG
SEISMICITY MAP OF INDONESIA (1973 – 2005)
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Updated global data set Engdahl et al. (1998)
BMGBMG
BMGBMG
DESTRUCTIVE EARTHQUAKES AND TSUNAMIS1991 - 2006
LiwaLiwa 9494
BengkuluBengkulu 0000
BanggaiBanggai 0000
MataramMataram 0404
SimeulueSimeulue 0202
KerinciKerinci 9595
MajalengkaMajalengka 0101 AlorAlor 9191
ManokwariManokwari 0303
NabireNabire 04, 0404, 04
TSUNAMIGENIC EQTSUNAMIGENIC EQ
EARTHQUAKEEARTHQUAKE
MentawaiMentawai 0505
Earthquakes : 22 x Tsunami : 10 x
> 1 / yr∼ 1/ 2yr
YogyakartaYogyakarta 0606
P. P. BuruBuru 0606
AlorAlor, 04, 04Flores 92Flores 92
BiakBiak, 96, 96
MoluccaMolucca 9898
BanyuwangiBanyuwangi 9494
AcehAceh 0404
PangandaranPangandaran 0606
NiasNias 0505
Timor 95Timor 95
MadinaMadina 0606
BimaBima 0606
Ternate 06Ternate 06
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KERUSAKAN AKIBAT GEMPA & TSUNAMI BIAK 1996
PRIMARY SYSTEM OF BMG
BMG
Telecommunication
Instrumentation andCalibration
Database
R & D
Dissemination
Training & Education Facilities
PRIMARY SYSTEM
SUBSTANTIVE PROGRAM
TECHNICAL PROGRAM
InaTWS MC EWS(Ex. TCWC, FDRS)
Inspectorate
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ORGANIZATION OF NATIONAL COORDINATING AGENCY FOR DISASTER MITIGATION(Pres. Decree 83/2005)BMGBMG
National Coordinating Agency For Disaster Mitigation (BAKORNAS PB)
CHAIRMANVICE CHAIRMAN
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
REGIONAL EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
DAILY REGIONAL EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
SUB REGIONAL EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
MEMBER
HEADQUARTER
PROVINCIAL OFFICE
MUNICIPAL OFFICE
SUB REGIONAL DAILY EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
DEPUTY OF PREVENTION &
PREPAREDNESS
DEPUTY OF EMERGENCY
MANAGEMENT
DEPUTY OF RECOVERY
EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Local Emergency Management Unit - SATKORLAK
Local Emergency Management Sub Unit - SATKORLAK
MEMBER
MEMBER
TECHNICAL WORKSBMG, BAKOSURTANAL, BPPT, DJGSM
LIPI, KOMINFO
–CAPACITY BUILDINGKEM. RISTEKKEM. RISTEK, LIPI,LIPI,BPPT, ITB, BMGBPPT, ITB, BMG
GLOBALGLOBALREGIONALREGIONALNATIONALNATIONAL
War
ning
Mitigation
Hazard Assesment
Sumber: Int’l Tsunami Information Center; Maret 2005
I
II
BAPPENAS
END TO END DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENTEND TO END DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT( HIGH COMPLEXITY )( HIGH COMPLEXITY )
EMERGENCYRESPONSE
KEM. KESRA, TNI, POLRI, KEM. KESRA, TNI, POLRI, DEPDIKNAS, DEPKES, DEPDIKNAS, DEPKES,
BAKORNAS PB,BAKORNAS PB, DEPSOS,DEPSOS,PEMDAPEMDA
III
LOCAL GOVTLOCAL GOVT
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8
END TO END DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
SEISMOGRAPHPlanned : 160; Installed : 70 (to 2006)
ACCELEROGRAPHPlanned : 500; Installed: 51 (to 2006)
REQUIREMENTSoil layer
Noise disturbanceelectricity
Access RoadSecurity
Land Use (Local Gov’t)
1. AUTOMATIC PROCESSING
- Epicenter location, - Time, - Magnitude - depth
3. DATA BASE- Historical of
Tsunami- Pre-calculation - Tsunami
Simulation
2. CROSS-CHECK- Magnitude?- Location ?- Tsunami ?
Min. of RT, Universities, Research Institution)-Modelling-Database
-Research & Development
• Transportation(Dept. of Transportation)
• Communication(Dept. of Comm.)
• Road, Tent(Dep. Of Public Work)
• Food & Water(Min. of Public Welfare; Dept. of Social)
• Health, Sanitary(Dept. of Health)
• Risk Management(Dept. of Defense )
• Others(Nat’l CoordAgency for Disaster Mitigation)
(Min. of RT, Dept. of Education, Indonesia Agency for Science)-Awareness- Tsunami Evacuation Drill-
DATA PROCESSING MITIGATION & REHABILITATION
INFORMATIONDISSEMINATION
Capacity Building Public Education
2. SEA WAVE MONITORING- Tide Gauge (Natl Agency
for Survey & Mapping)- GPS – Buoys (BPPT)
2. CRUST DEFORMATION - GPS (Natl Agency
for Survey & Mapping)
SENSOR INSTALATION AND SEISMIC MONITORING
Earthquake Information
Tsunami Warning
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- POLRI HEADQUARTER - ARMY HEADQUARTER- LOCAL GOV’T- DEPT. OF SOCIAL- DEPT. OF HEALTH- NAT’L COORD
AGENCY FOR DISASTER MITIGATION
- TV – RADIO STA.- PORT RADIO- PORT ADMT. OFFICE- PROVIDER GSM/ CDMA
RSC 1
RSC 6
RSC 4
RSC 2
RSC 9
RSC 7RSC 3
RSC 10
RSC 8
RSC 5
NSCNSC
Installed Sensor Locations - 2006(total 70 locations)BMGBMG
Japan (10) Regional Centre (10) RSC = Regional Seismic Center
NSC = National Seismic Center
Germany (10) CTBTO (3)APBN (44) China (4)
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NATIONAL & DONOR COUNTRIES CONTRIBUTIONS
BMGBMG
StockOn Line
500 accelero160 seismoT O T A L
20072006COUNTRIES
OK
OK
OK
3 ( T )
1 (S)15 (S)
6 (S)15 (A)
---
44 (S)44 (A)
---
3 (S)15 (A)
6 (S)15 (A)
10 (S)
6 (S)---
---
2 (S)
9 (S)21 (A)
10 (A)
---
ExpertIOC
TrainingUNESCO
Technical Assistance
USA
upgrade3 TREMORSFrance
---6 seismoCTBTO15 accelero15 seismoJapan
21 accelero21 seismoGermany
10 accelero10 seismoChina
454 accelero108 seismoIndonesia
Bottom pressure
gauge
Buoy
Plate Tectonic Indian Ocean
Satellite
Satellite
Seismograph
Tide gauge GPS
BMG Jakarta
BMGBMG
?
Source : LIPI - Mod
InaTWS MONITORING SYSTEM
1. Seismograph Data
2. Sea Level Data / Confirmation
3. Sea Level Data
Siren Signal
• Location : ocean floor..? • Mag : > 6.3 RS..?• Depth : < 70km…?• Potential for tsunami !
TSUNAMI
??
6
10
DISSEMINATION SYSTEM FOR EARTHQUAKE INFORMATION AND TSUNAMI WARNING VIA INTERNET
INFORMATION
POLICE HEADQUARTER
33 PROV. GOVERNOR
11 TV Stations
NATIONAL RADIOSERVICE /RRI
DEPT. OF SOCIAL
7 PROVIDER GSM/CDMA
DEPT. OF HEALTH
COORD. AGENCY FOR DISASTER
MITIGATION
REG’L. POLICE OFFICEPOLDA/POLRES
COORD. COMM.DEPT
DISTRICT LEVEL/BUPATI / CAMAT
SUB REG’L POLICE OFFICE/ POLSEK
INDONESIAINTERNET
EXCHANGE
IP VPN MPLSCSM
IP VPN MPLSTELKOM
INTERFACE INSTITUTION
CSM = Citra Sari Makmur
BMGBMG
Radio Communication
PRIVATE RADIO BROADCASTORARI & RAPI
VSAT SCPCDEPDAGRI
REG’L ARMY OFFICE/KODAM/KODIM/KORAMIL
ARMY HEADQUARTER
IM2 INTERNET
S.O.P POLRI
S.O.P TNI
S.O.P
WLAN BMGLOCAL EMERGENCY
MNGMT UNITSATKORLAK / SATLAK
•SENSOR INSTALATION•MONITORING•PROCESSSING•ANALYSIS
BMGS.O.P
S.O.P
S.O.P
S.O.P
S.O.P GUB.
S.O.P BAKORNAS.
S.O.P BMG
COMMUNITY
BMGBMG
SATELLITE COMMUNICATION FOR DISSEMINATION TO REMOTE ISLANDS
Earthquake Information/
Tsunami Warning Local Gov’t
BMG
NGO-USAranetsystem.net
AUSTRALIAbom.gov.au
GTS
Lin
e
Inte
rnet
USAnooa.gov
FO = Fibre OpticsRF = Radio Frequency
SERVER ( AS BMG’S INFORMATION RECEIVER)
AsiaStar(WorldSpace)
BMGBMG
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EQInfo
- Time- Locationi- Depth- Magnitude
AUTOMATIC PROCESSING SYSTEM AT BMG HQ
Banda Aceh
END TO END OF TSUNAMI WARNING SYSTEM
Denpasar
Padang
BMG PusatJakarta
MONITORING SYSTEM
OCEAN MONITORING SYSTEM
INTERACTIVELY
Tsunami Information
DEPKOMINFO
INTERFACINGINSTITUTIONS
JAKARTA
• Tide Gauge
• DART Buoy
1
2
EMAIL (BMG)
SMS 2303(BMG)
EMAIL (AEIC)
SMS (AEIC)
TV & RADIO
BAKORNAS PBP
LOCAL GOVTS
WARNINGS !!
P
U
B
L
I
C
Epicenter
SERVER
POLICE
ARMY
1-in-5 BMG INFO
TXT & XML Filesms
faxwebvoicealarm
INTERFACEINSTITUTION
BMG
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REG. CENTER 7
REG. CENTER 8
REG. CENTER 9
REG. CENTER 4
REG. CENTER 10
REG. CENTER 6
REG. CENTER 1
REG. CENTER 3
REG. CENTER 5
NATNAT’’L. L. CENTERCENTER
- 24 Seismic real time Sensor - Distance between sensors ± 400 km - 3 RC and 1 NC- Processing Time ± 15 minutes
Indonesia Earthquake Information and Tsunami Warning Center (InaTWS -2008)
- 160 Seismic Sensors–500 Accelerograph- Distance between sensors +/- 100 km - 10 RC and 1 NC- Processing Time ± 5 minutes
REG. CENTER 2
SIRENES, TRAININGS, SIRENES, TRAININGS, ANANDD SERVERSERVERS (until 2006)S (until 2006)BMG
Padang
Jakarta
Aceh
DI Jogjakarta
Denpasar
Banten
Ket.
Kuta alam, Meuraksa, Peukan Bada, Lamkruet, Ktr. Gub –
Baitussalam, Banda Aceh kota
Rimbo Kaluang, SasakRanah DatarPasaman Barat, Tiku SelatanTanjung Mutiara, AlaiGelombangPariaman Tengah, Painan/ IV Jurai
Penprov Padang
Pantai Seminyak(Kuta), Kedonganan (Kuta), Sanur,
Tj. Benoa, Nusa Dua
PemKot Denpasar
PenProv Banten
PenProv Gorontalo
Kec. Imogiri:(Nogosari, Wukirsari)Kec. Pijungan (Jolosutro, srimulyo)Kec.Prambanan:( Kebondalam)Kec. Jetis:(Sewon)Kec Plered:(Nogosar)i
Pangandaran, Labuhan, Pandeglang
PenProv Jakarta
Server location Sirene site Training location
Gorontalo
AL-azhar, UIN, SD annisa
13
ENHANCING THE CAPACITY OF LOCAL GOVT OFFICIALS ENHANCING THE CAPACITY OF LOCAL GOVT OFFICIALS IN IN ““DISASTER MANAGEMENTDISASTER MANAGEMENT””
Dokumentasi LIPI
BMGBMG
PUBLIC AWARENESS & PREPAREDNESS
ADOPTING THE COMMUNITY BASED CONCEPT:
TRAINING OF THE INTERMEDIARIESINTERMEDIARIES
Dokumentasi LIPI
BMGBMG
PUBLIC AWARENESS & PREPAREDNESS
14
EDUCATING THE PUBLICthrough popular readings
BMGBMG
PUBLIC AWARENESS & PREPAREDNESS
MAKING AND DISSEMINATING MAP AND EVACUATION ROUTE
BMGBMG
PUBLIC AWARENESS & PREPAREDNESS
15
Dokumentasi LIPI
• PEOPLE MOVE TOWARDS A SAFE SITE(BUKIT PANGILUN)
ACTIVITIES IN THE SHELTER AREA
• WARNING SENT FROM BMG HQ TO THE MAYOR OF PADANG VIA SMS →THE MAYOR ORDER THE EVACUATION
Training simulation on the use of Tsunami WarningSystem: From warning issuance to Evacuation
BMGBMG
PUBLIC AWARENESS & PREPAREDNESS
26 DEC 2005
CAMPAIGN THROUGH THE MASS MEDIA: TELEVISION,
RADIO, NEWSPAPERS
BMGBMG
PUBLIC AWARENESS & PREPAREDNESS
16
TRAINING FOR SCHOOL CHILDREN
Dokumentasi LIPI
PUBLIC AWARENESS & PREPAREDNESS BMGBMG
BMG R&D : From Experimental Design to Production BMGBMG
BMG AWSBMG AWS--MGAMGA--0505
DIGITAL SEISMOGRAPHDIGITAL SEISMOGRAPH(Since 2006)(Since 2006)
AUTOMATIC WEATHER STATIONAUTOMATIC WEATHER STATION(Since 2005)(Since 2005)
17
SEISMIC TOMOGRAPHY:a powerful tool to produce 3Dimages of the Earth’s structure
Nature (1997)
Science (1996)
Research & Development :
Imaging the Imaging the TsunamigenicTsunamigenic EQEQRegionsRegions
BMGBMG
The seismic signature of subduction zones
Subduction zones contain the largest earthquakes on Earth. Knowledge of there structural details not only is important for hazard assessment but also to understand the dynamics of subductionand mantle convection. In this project a 3D algorithm in spherical coordinates was implemented and earthquakes in subduction zones simulated. We were able to simulate particular wave effects observed in nature which – in the future – can be used to further constrain the structure of subduction zones.
18
Primary & Secondary WavesPrimary & Secondary Waves
http://www.thetech.org/
P-wave
S-wave
Simulated AnnealingBMGBMG
19
P-wave tomogram across North Sumatra (red dots mark the
location of the M 9 earthquake)
BMGBMG
Seismic Tomography of Northern Sumatra
(b) untuk gelombang S di bawah Sumatera Utara
(a) untuk gelombang P di bawah Sumatera Utara
20
(a)(a)
(b)(b)
ak135 (%)ak135 (%)
Vertical sections from the Earth’s surface down to the depth of 705 km. (a) P-wave speed relative to ak135. (b) S-wave speed relative to ak135.
Elastic parameters extracted from seismic tomograms
Aceh M=9.3
Nias M=8.7
21
S-wave anomaly map : 35 – 70 km
ak135 (%)
Precursors of Large EarthquakesPrecursors of Large EarthquakesBMGBMG
22
TECHNICAL WORKSBMG, BAKOSURTANAL, BPPT, DJGSM
LIPI, KOMINFO
–CAPACITY BUILDINGKEM. RISTEKKEM. RISTEK, LIPI,LIPI,BPPT, ITB, BMGBPPT, ITB, BMG
GLOBALGLOBALREGIONALREGIONALNATIONALNATIONAL
War
ning
Mitigation
Hazard Assesment
Sumber: Int’l Tsunami Information Center; Maret 2005
I
II
BAPPENAS
END TO END DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENTEND TO END DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT( HIGH COMPLEXITY )( HIGH COMPLEXITY )
EMERGENCYRESPONSE
KEM. KESRA, TNI, POLRI, KEM. KESRA, TNI, POLRI, DEPDIKNAS, DEPKES, DEPDIKNAS, DEPKES,
BAKORNAS PB,BAKORNAS PB, DEPSOS,DEPSOS,PEMDAPEMDA
III
LOCAL GOVTLOCAL GOVT
2
END TO END DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
SEISMOGRAPHPlanned : 160; Installed : 70 (to 2006)
ACCELEROGRAPHPlanned : 500; Installed: 51 (to 2006)
REQUIREMENTSoil layer
Noise disturbanceelectricity
Access RoadSecurity
Land Use (Local Gov’t)
1. AUTOMATIC PROCESSING
- Epicenter location, - Time, - Magnitude - depth
3. DATA BASE- Historical of
Tsunami- Pre-calculation - Tsunami
Simulation
2. CROSS-CHECK- Magnitude?- Location ?- Tsunami ?
Min. of RT, Universities, Research Institution)-Modelling-Database
-Research & Development
• Transportation(Dept. of Transportation)
• Communication(Dept. of Comm.)
• Road, Tent(Dep. Of Public Work)
• Food & Water(Min. of Public Welfare; Dept. of Social)
• Health, Sanitary(Dept. of Health)
• Risk Management(Dept. of Defense )
• Others(Nat’l CoordAgency for Disaster Mitigation)
(Min. of RT, Dept. of Education, Indonesia Agency for Science)-Awareness- Tsunami Evacuation Drill-
DATA PROCESSING MITIGATION & REHABILITATION
INFORMATIONDISSEMINATION
Capacity Building Public Education
2. SEA WAVE MONITORING- Tide Gauge (Natl Agency
for Survey & Mapping)- GPS – Buoys (BPPT)
2. CRUST DEFORMATION - GPS (Natl Agency
for Survey & Mapping)
SENSOR INSTALATION AND SEISMIC MONITORING
Earthquake Information
Tsunami Warning
3
- POLRI HEADQUARTER - ARMY HEADQUARTER- LOCAL GOV’T- DEPT. OF SOCIAL- DEPT. OF HEALTH- NAT’L COORD
AGENCY FOR DISASTER MITIGATION
- TV – RADIO STA.- PORT RADIO- PORT ADMT. OFFICE- PROVIDER GSM/ CDMA
23
EQInfo
- Time- Locationi- Depth- Magnitude
AUTOMATIC PROCESSING SYSTEM AT BMG HQ
Banda Aceh
END TO END OF TSUNAMI WARNING SYSTEM
Denpasar
Padang
BMG PusatJakarta
MONITORING SYSTEM
OCEAN MONITORING SYSTEM
INTERACTIVELY
Tsunami Information
DEPKOMINFO
INTERFACINGINSTITUTIONS
JAKARTA
• Tide Gauge
• DART Buoy
1
2
EMAIL (BMG)
SMS 2303(BMG)
EMAIL (AEIC)
SMS (AEIC)
TV & RADIO
BAKORNAS PBP
LOCAL GOVTS
WARNINGS !!
P
U
B
L
I
C
Epicenter
SERVER
POLICE
ARMY
BADAN METEOROLOGI & GEOFISIKAJL. ANGKASA I NO. 2 KEMAYORAN
JAKARTA PUSAT – INDONESIATEL/ FAX. 62 21 6542983
http://www.bmg.go.id
BMG