Present Time 01Presented by:Horacio Angulo Mendoza

Present simpleUse:for permanent situations and states

for repeated/habitual actions

for timetables/programmescommentaries/dramatic narrative

Present Simple FormWe likeThe present simple is formed with the bare infinitive form of the verb. We add s in the third person singular (he, she, it) I likeYou likeHe/she/it likesThey like

Spelling rulesVerbs ending in: o, s, ch, sh, x add -es for the third person in singularHe goes, She misses,She watchesHe wishesHe relaxes

QuestionsYes/No Questions are formed with do and the bare infinitive form of the verb the third person singular uses doesDo you like Italian food? We also use do/does when we form questions with: when, what, why, where, how, etc..

Where does she live?

Does she like Italian food?What do you want?

NegativesNegatives are formed with do not and the bare infinitive form of the verb. The third person singular uses does not.I do not like that.

In speech and informal writing, do not, becomes dont and does not, becomes doesnt I dont like that.

She doesnt like that

She does not like that

Present Simple MeaningWe use the present simple to describe: Habitual actions: I usually get up at 7:30amActions and situations that are generally or usually true: Liz plays in the school basketball. We like ice creamFacts which are always true: The sun rises in the eastThe present simple also has some future meanings : The train leaves at 5:45pm every day.

Present simple: Frequency AdverbsFrequency adverbs are often with the present simple. They explain how often someone does an action, or something happens

Most Common used adverbsAlways I always get up at 7:00 amOften John often goes to soccer matchUsually It usually rains when I go on holiday

Sometimes - We sometimes eat pizza for dinner.Rarely Jane rarely listens to jazzNever My bus never arrives on time

State Verbs and action verbsA state is when something stays the same. An action is when something happens. State verbs are not usually used in any continuous form.I know what you mean.(NOT : I am knowing what youre meaning)

State verbs:Senses: Appear, hear, look like, see, taste.Feeling: like, hate, love, prefer, want, wish.

Thinking: agree, believe, forget, know, think, understand.Possesion: belong to, contain, have, own.Being: be, exist.

Other: cost, depend on, mean, need.

State verbs (cont.)Some of the verbs in the previous list can have a state meaning and an action meaning. Examples include be, have, taste, think.I have two sisters (permanent state)Im having problems with this computer( temporary action)

State verbs (cont.)Sometimes state verbs can describe temporary feelings

How are you getting on at your new school?I hate/Im hatting it.

Examples: He gets up early in the morningHe has cereal for breakfastHe goes to schoolHe gets to his classes earlyHe leaves school at 1:00pm He has lunch at homeHe does his homework.

Present Continuous The present continuous is formed with the auxiliary verb be and the ing form of the main verb

I am relaxing

You are relaxing

He/She is relaxing

We are relaxing

They are relaxing

Spelling problemsVerbs ending in e : Drop the e then add ingLive - living / dance - dancing / write - writingVerbs with one syllable, ending in : consonant+vowel+consonant (C+V+C) you double the consonant then add ing Sit - sitting / swim - swimming / dig - digging

Verbs ending in -ie change to y.

Lie - lying / tie - tying / die - dying

ContractionsIn speech and informal writing, the verb be is contracted

Im writing

Youre writing

Hes/Shes writing

Were writing Theyre writing

QuestionsYes/No questions are formed by inverting the subject and the auxilliary be.Am I writing? / Are you writing? / Is he/she writing? / Are we writing? /Are they writing?Wh questions follow the same pattern

What are you writing? Why are you writing?

NegativesNegatives are formed with the verb be+ not. This is contracted in speech and informal writing.Im not writing / Hes not writing / Theyre not writing

Present continuous meaningWe use the present continuous to describe:Actions in progress at the moment.Sorry, I cant speak to you. Im washing my hairActions happening around now even though not at the moment of speaking.Im reading The Lord of the Rings.The present continuous also has some future meaning

Examples:Cindys writingEvans drinking teaThe baby is playing with the ballThe dog is sleepingDad is serving the tea

Present Simple or Continuous?Present simple : Permanent habits and routines facts that are always true general situationsPresent continuous : Temporary actions or in progress now, happening at the moment a particular situationCompare:

Present Simple or Continuous? (cont.)I live in Budapest (All the time)Im living in Budapest (For a few months)This plane lands in Frankfurt (routine)Were landing (in progress now)

Present Continuous: Future meaningsThe present continuous can be used to describe a fixed future arrangement. There is usually time expression:

Paul is leaving early tomorrow night.

My parents are buying me a mountain bike for my birthday.

Present Continuous: Future meanings (cont.)The usage is common when we describe social arrangements:

Are you doing anything on Sunday?Were going skating.

Other problemsFeel : There is almost no difference of meaning between the simple and continuous.I feel awful.How do you feel now?

How are you feeling now?

Im feeling awful

Other problems (cont.)Present continuous with always :

We can use always with the present continuous when are exaggerating or complaining. We emphasize always in speech in this case.

Youre always forgetting your keys.

Other problems (cont.)Present simple in narratives:In speech we can use the present simple to make a story or joke appear more inmediate and interesting, even though the events were in past. This is also used in written summaries such as plots of TV or series.A man walks into a bar and asks for a glass of water. The barman says.