presentation 1 cell structure and function
TRANSCRIPT
Cell Structure and Function
Cell Theory
• All living things are made up of cells.
• Cells are the smallest working units of all living things.
• All cells come from preexisting cells through cell division.
Definition of Cell
A cell is the smallest unit that is capable of performing life
functions.
Examples of Cells
Amoeba Proteus
Plant Stem
Red Blood Cell
Nerve Cell
Bacteria
Two Types of Cells
•Prokaryotic
•Eukaryotic
Prokaryotic cell• Do not have
internal structures surrounded by membranes
• Few internal structures
• One-celled organisms, Bacteria
Prokaryotic cell
Eukaryotic cells
Plant cellAnimal cell
• Contain organelles surrounded by membranes• Most living organisms
Eukaryotic cellsPlant cells (onion cells)
Animal cell (Amoeba)
Organelles
Cell Membrane
• Outer membrane of cell that controls movement in and out of the cell
• Double layer
http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html
Cell Wall
• Most commonly found in plant cells & bacteria
• Supports & protects cells
Nucleus
• Directs cell activities
• Separated from cytoplasm by nuclear membrane
• Contains genetic material - DNA
Nucleus
Cytoplasm
• Gel-like mixture
• Surrounded by cell membrane
• Contains all the organelles
• In it, all the chemical reactions occur.
Ribosomes• Each cell contains thousands• Make proteins• Found on rough endoplasmic reticulum & floating
throughout the cell
Endoplasmic reticulum• Moves
materials around in cell:
• Lipids and carbohydrates in smooth type
• Proteins in rough type
Golgi apparatus
• Protein 'packaging plant'• Move materials within the cell and out
of the cell by using vesicles
RE and Golgi apparatus
Vacuole
• Membrane-bound sacs for storage, digestion, and waste removal
• Help plants maintain shape
Lysosome
• Contains digestive enzymes for proteins, fats, and carbohydrates
• Transports undigested material to cell membrane for removal
• Cell breaks down if lysosome explodes
Mitochondrion
• Produces energy through chemical reactions – breaking down fats & carbohydrate
Chloroplast
• Contains green chlorophyll
• Where photosynthesis takes place
Centrioles
•Lead cromosomes movement during cell division
•Control flagella and cilia vibration
Cytoskeleton
•Support organelles and cell shape and place a role in cell motion
Flagellum and cillia
Help cell move