Industrial Trainingin

ESPEK Research and

Advisory Services

ARNAWATY BT AYOB2015859486

INTRODUCTION

ESPEK

Soil Analysis

Leaf Analysis

Fertilizer Analysis

INTRODUCTION

WEEK 1&2 : fertilizer analysis, sample preparation for BOE, BOE analysis, moisture analysis washing the glassware

WEEK 3&4 : Theory about ICP-OES instrument, preparation of leaf, soil and fertilizer samples to be analyse in Elemental Analyser, techniques on how to clean the component inside the ICP-OES instrument.

WEEK 5&6 :determination of total phosphorus, determination of available phosphorus, determination of moisture content, determination of pH, determination of conductivity

(fertilizer)

(instrument)

(soil analysis)

FERTILIZER

PARTICLE SIZE

FERTILIZER ANALYSIS

SOIL

DETERMINATION OF PH

DETERMINATION OF CONDUCTIVITY

SOIL

CRUSHED THE SOIL

MOISTURE

BOE Analysis

What is BOE?1. B - Baja2. O - Organik3. E - Espek

Organic Fertilizer

produced from the waste of the

farmdo not contain any

chemical constituents

the content of nutrient is low compared to

chemical or other types of fertilizer

TYPES OF BOE:

POME BBOE

What is the purpose of BOE

analysis????to determine how much the

amount of BOE fertilizer needed for plants

to estimate how much nutrient content in BOE fertilizer

to analyse the samples whether it follow the specification or not

METHODOLOGY

The BOE samples were registered. The BOE samples were placed inside the paper boat

The samples were dried in the oven for few hours at 103º C

The samples were then grinded until it become fine particles.

About 1.000g of sample was weighed and the samples was

placed inside the crucible.

The samples undergo the ashing process for 6 hours.

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4 3

After 3 hours, the samples undergo digestion process until

the solution become more viscous.

after 6 hours, the sample were cooled down for a few minutes and then, mixed with 2ml of 37% conc. hydrochloric acid and leave it for

3 hours.

Then, the solution was mixed with 10 ml of 20% dilute nitric acid

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The solution was then transfered into the 100ml of volumetric flask by using boiling water.

The sample solution inside volumetric flask were then mark

up by using distilled water.

The samples were then palced in water bath for few minutes until

the volume of sample become half from its original volume.

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12Lastly, the sample solution

were filtered into vial and transfered into test tubes to be

analyse in ICP-OES.

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RESULTS

CALCULATIONSCalculation for the factor of each element: eg :

P= P2O5 2P

= (2× 30.97) + (5× 16.0) (2× 30.97) = 2.29

Calculation for the % for each element :

% = ppm × factor × volume of volumetric flask weight 10000 % P = 68.72 × 2.29 × 100ml 1.0g 10000 = 1.573688

CONCLUSIONeach element contribute different nutrients for plants and soil.

Organic fertilizer have extra elements which contribute more nutrients for plant instead of the common fertilizer which have the nutrients of nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus.

organic fertilizer have the elements of Iron(Fe), Manganase(Mn) and Copper (Cu) .

Element Description

Nitrogen(N) Required for growth vegetative part.

Phosphorus(P) Required for healthy and strong roots.Good for flower and fruits.

Potassium(K) Make the plants healthy by facilitating the circulation within the plants.

Magnesium(Mg)Calcium(Ca)

Iron(Fe)Copper(Cu)

Provide minerals for roots and plants.

What is the advantages of

organic fertilizer????

Reduce the pollution

improve the structure of soil

increase the ability to hold water and

nutrients

increase the fertility of the soil