presentation e4161 sistem komputer dan aplikasi 19-april-2012

8/2/2019 Presentation e4161 Sistem Komputer Dan Aplikasi 19-April-2012

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Title of Paper

Subtitle

SchoolName

Name

Date

Class Name

InstructorsName


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qData represented bya group of records

that relate toeach other through

a pointer.

qThe records are 33

Hierarchy Model


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qThis model uses

44

Hierarchy Model


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DATABASE MODEL

BAHAGIAN

Nama_B Kod_B Nama_Ket_ B

PENSYARAH

Nama_P K/P Alamat

KURSUS

Nama_K Kod_K JumlahKelas

PELAJAR

Nama No_Pend T_Lahir Umur Kelas


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EXAMPLE OFHIERARCHYDATABASE MODEL

STUDENTS

LOCAL

UNIVERSITY

FOREIGN

UNIVERSITY

ENGINEERING BUSINESSACCOUNTANCY

ENGINEERING BUSINESS

ACCOUNTANC

Y

Segment

Segment

RootSegme

nt


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A database schema consistsfrom several hierarchical sch

emes

Each scheme consists of ahierarchy of

several types of recordsand types of PCR

77

Hierarchy Scheme


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Based on the abovediagram, PCR can be dividedinto two parts, namely:

Division, LecturerDivision, Training

Hierarchical scheme involves:

* The name of the records in the box*88

Hierarchy Scheme Figure


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Records can not bethe root of

99

Charateristic of HierarchyScheme


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Hierarchy Database Situation(PCR)

SECTION

Elektrik

Basariah

Azmi

Razak

LECTURER

(i)

SECTIO

N

Perkapal

anMasri

Lee

Tan

LECTURER

(ii

)

SECTION

Elektrik

STK SEPDTKCOURSE

(iii)

SJK

SECTION

Perkapalan

PUMP

BOILER

MACHINE

COURSE

(iv)


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Problems & Solutions In HierarchyModels

Problems Solutions

i) Modelling therelationship M: N

Can beproduced but need acopy of the records ofthe types of child

ii) The case in which onetype of record serves asa record of children in

more than one typeof PCR

Can be produced withmore copies of therecords

iii) N-ary relation to the

type of the record in

Not be produced because

the PCR is the


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DEFINITIONS AND DATA MANIPULATION IN HIERARCHY MODEL

There

are two types

of commonly

used languag


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DEFINITIONS AND DATA MANIPULATION IN HIERARCHY MODEL

HDML- Language one record at a

time to manipulate the database hierarchy

-This language instruction must be inserted intothe multi-purpose program language


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(IMS)

Information

Management System.

n f


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SENIBINA SISTEM IMS

Sistem hierarki yang disimpan dalam IMSdikenali sebagai pangkalan data fizikal

(Physical Database PDB)

Bagi proses penyimpanan, beberapapangkalan data fizikal dikumpulkan

Setiap pangkalan data fizikal mempunyai satu

definisi data atau satu skima yang ditulis

dalam DL/1 (Data Language One)


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CONSTRUCTION OF IMS

Theapplication program

PCB PCB PCB

DBD DBD DBD

Performance method

Database storage

Program SpecificationBlock (PSB)

DatabaseDefinitions


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TWO VIEWS OF IMS

IMS provides two views :

view 1* Defined by PCB By selecting a portion of a

physical database (that is, a sub-hierarchy ) and is defined by

"Program Communication Block (PCB)

view 2

Defined by the definition of logical database By choosing some parts of

some of the physical database and the relationship of these parts into

a new hierarchy and it is defined in the DL / 1 with DBD Logic

(Logical Database Definition). The result of this new structure is called a

logical database (LDB)


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ORGANISATION OF DATA IN IMS

Pangkalan Data Fizikal (PDB) PDB in the IMS is stored in

the storage hierarchy and is defined in terms of the

physical DBD using the language DL / 1.

BAHAGIAN

PENSYARAH

BAHAGIAN

KURSUS

PELAJAR

View 1 dalam IMS bagi PangkalanData Rajah 11.2


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DEFINISI PROGRAMCOMMUNICATION BLOCK(PCB)

Berikut ialah definisi PCB untuk view jenis 1 bagi pangkalandata institusi (untuk view PELAJAR)

1. PCB DBNAME = INSTITUSI

2. SENSEG NAME = BAHAGIAN, PROCOPT = G

3. SENFLD NAME = NAMA_B, START = 1

4. SENSEG NAME = KURSUS, PARENT = BAHAGIAN, PROCOPT = K

5. SENSEG NAME = PELAJAR, PARENT = KURSUS, PROCOPT = G

6. PCBGEN LANG = PL/1

7. END

SENSEG = SENSITIVE SEGMENTSENFLD = SENSITIVE FIELDPROCOPT = PROCESSING OPTION

- G = GET- I = INSERT- R = REPLACE- D = DELETE- K= KEY SENSITIVITY


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DEFINITIONOF PROGRAMCOMMUNICATION BLOCK (PCB)

SENSEG Sensitive Segment

This statement contains a segment (record) to include

magnetic fields and the option to declare the operation

(PROCOPT) for it to perform

K KeySensitivity

Allocated to a segment when you do not want to make it

easy to reach this part

IMS automatically stop sending data to

the application program

Users can not see


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presentation e4161 sistem komputer dan aplikasi 19-april-2012

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