Building  the  EV  ecosystem  for  Estonia  

Background   •  Estonian  government  decided  to  start  EV  program  in  early  2011  and  finance  it  through  selling  the  CO2  emission  quotas  to  Japanese  corpora>on  Mitsubishi  

•  The  program  included  three  pillars:  •  507  Mitsubishi  i-­‐Mievs  were  received  directly  in  exchange  for  carbon  credits  and  dedicated  to  be  used  in  social  services  

•  Ca  12MEUR  was  dedicated  to  set  up  the  na>onwide  EV  charging  infrastructure  

•  Ca  12  MEUR  was  dedicated  to  provide  direct  purchase  grants  for  EVs    

Essen>als  of  ELMO  program  

• Building  the  user  base  • SeOng  up  the  services  • Raising  the  awareness  

Building  the  user  base  

507  Mitsubishi  i-­‐Mievs  for  social  workers  

Demo  users  

•  get  to  know  the  technology  •  spread  the  word  •  test  it  and  send  feedback  

Building  the  user  base  Empower  the  car  buyers    Support  the  market  uptake  by  increasing  the  demand  for  EVs  

Purchase  grant    -­‐  50%  of  car  price,    maximum  18  000  euros    in  return  of  the  usage  of  renewable  energy  only.    Earn  money  by  reducing  CO2  

SeOng  up  the  services  

Basic  service:  charging  at  home  take  1000  euro  grant  to  set  up  the  proper  home  charging  solu>on    

everywhere  you  go  use  na>onwide  quick  charging  network  with  mobile  payments    

SeOng  up  the  services  

NaHonwide  quick  charging  network  165  DC  quick  chargers  installed  in  6  months    The  distance  between  quick  charging  points  is  40-­‐60  km.  Loca>ons:  parking  areas,  petrol  sta>ons,      cafes,  shops,  etc.    Project  start:    June  2011  Installa>on  start:    June  2012  Project  completed:  January  2013    

THE  PLANNING  PHASE  

Planning:  March  –  July  2011  

• What  are  the  use  cases  for  various  needs  for  recharging  the  EV?    

• What  are  the  charging  technology  choices?  • What  is  the  expecta>ons  for  the  service?  • What  kind  of  IT  infrastructure  we  need?  • Where  should  we  put  those  chargers?  • How  to  complete  the  project  in  18  months?  

Principal  decisions  

•  It’s  going  to  be  a  “public  safety  network”  to  address  range  anxiety  

• Single  operator/centrally  managed  business  structure  for  the  country  wide  network  

• Procure  the  full  solu>on,  including  the  service,  from  single  consor>um  –  minimizes  the  risks  of  technological  incompa>bili>es  

Possible  charging  use  cases  

Public/shared  charger  

Dedicated  charger  

Pre-­‐  planned  charging  

Unplanned  charging  

Daily  home  charging  

Daily  office  charging  

Rou>ne  shared  charging  

Travel  charging  

Emergency  charging  

3  main  use-­‐cases  for  the  ELMO  charging  network  

•  Loca>ons  hard  to  predict  •  Cover  the  main  routes  Emergency  charging  

•  Loca>ons  easy  to  predict  •  Follow  the  daily  rou>nes  

Shared  rou>ne  charging  

•  Loca>ons  easier  to  predict  •  Emphasize  tourist  routes  Travel  charging  

Use  cases  and  technology  op>ons  

Daily  home  charging  

Daily  office  charging  

Rou>ne  shared  charging  

Travel  charging  

Emergency  charging  

AC  Normal  6-­‐8h  

AC  Fast  1-­‐2h  

DC  superfast  20-­‐30min  

OK  

OK  

Maybe  

Not  ok  

Not  OK  

Maybe  

Maybe  

Maybe  

OK  

Maybe  

Not  OK  

Not  OK  

OK  

OK  

OK  

It  takes  >me  to  plan  the  network  

Building  permits  

Q2  2011   Q3  2011   Q4  2011   Q1  2012   Q2  2012   Q3  2012   Q4  2012   Q1  2013  

Guidelines  

Tech.  Spec.  

Electricity  projects  

Loca>ons  

It  took  roughly  one  year  to  be  ready  for  the  actual  building  works  

LOCATIONS  

LOCATION  IS  EVERYTHING!  

• Well,  almost  J  • Why  the  loca>ons  are  important?  • Hard  to  secure  them  • Difficult  to  change  them  later  •  Your  business  is  directly  dependent  on  whether  you  hit  the  right  spot  in  city  or  road  

•  Problem:  nothing  to  rely  on,  because  you  cannot  count  on  the  exis>ng  traffic  data  too  much,  bamery  vehicles  are  just  too  different.  

Simple  rules   • No  more  than  50-­‐60  km  between  quick  chargers  in  main  roads  

•  1  quick  charger  for  towns  with  more  than  3000  inhabitants  

• Almost  all  Estonian  towns,  because  somebody  drives  an  EV  there  someday  soon  

• Ca  1  quick  charger  per  10  000  inhabitant  in  ci>es  with  more  than  10  000  inhabitant  

• Because  there  is  sta>s>cal  chance  that  somebody  buys  an  EV  there  

BUSINESS  MODEL  

Private  operator,  selected  by  KredEx  for  5  years  

Owned  by  KredEx  

Opera>ng  model  Assets  

Services  

Quick  chargers  Network  

management  system  

Loca>ons  for  chargers  

High  power  grid  connec>ons  

Intellectual  property  

Charger  control  and  maintenance   Business  services   Customer  

support   Security  services   Asset  management  

Pricing  

FLEX    

0  EUR    

5  EUR    

No  limits  

Combi    

10  EUR    

2,5  EUR    

No  limits  

Volume    

30  EUR    

0  EUR    

150kWh/  month  

 1,2EUR  per  charge  

aoer  that  

Monthly  fee  

Pay  per  charge  

Limits  

Double-click to enter title Double-click to enter text

Project  management,  hardware,  network  monitoring  sooware,  installa>on    

www.abb.com  

Delivered  by  

24/7  customer  support  billing  management  network  monitoring    www.g4s.com  

PREPARATION  AND  INSTALLATIONS  

The  real  ac>on  

•  Two  separate  companies  to  do  the  real  installa>on  work  

•  Elektritsentrum  with  mul>ple  teams  to  prepare  the  loca>ons  (groundworks,  cables  from  connec>on  points,  founda>ons  for  QCs)  

•  ABB  with  mul>ple  teams  to  install  and  set  up  the  chargers  

•  Amazing  speed  of  deployment  •  Building  of  the  loca>ons  started  in  September  2012  

•  The  network  was  completed  by  the  end  of  January  2013  (with  some  chargers  to  be  added  in  spring)  

Behind  the  scenes  before  launch  

•  Training  of  the  customer  support  teams  •  Development  of  business  rou>nes  •  Analysing  early  sta>s>cs  to  model  pricing  packages  •  Signing  the  electricity  purchase  contacts  •  Developing  the  legal  side  of  the  service  •  SeOng  up  the  pricing  solu>ons  •  Tes>ng  IT  backend  •  Managing  media  rela>ons  •  Informing  the  possible  customers  of  network  status  

•  Etc  etc  

DC  fast  charging  infrastructure  development  in  Europe  

•  Weird  island  in  the  upper  right  corner  of  Europe  J  

•  We  had  no  idea,  that  this  is  how  Europe  will  look  like  in  2013.  

EV  driver  profile  

Uptake  of  EVs  

Total  number  of  EVs  registered  in  Estonia    Number  of  EVs  owned  by  private  persons  or  companies  

0  

100  

200  

300  

400  

500  

600  

700  

1994   2004   2005   2006   2008   2010   2011   2012   2013  

Government  purchase  had  significant  impact  on  kick-­‐star>ng  the  EV  market  in  Estonia.  657  EVs  registered  as  of  today.    Data  source:  Estonian  Road  Authority,  August  2013  

The  brands  

522  

98  

19   4   3  2   1  MITSUBISHI  NISSAN  MIA  MICRO-­‐VETT  PEUGEOT  CITROEN  DACIA  

Mitsubishi  holds  the  nr.1  posi>on  thanks  to  government  purchases,  but  Nissan  dominates  private  purchases    Data  source:  Estonian  Road  Authority,  August  2013  

User  profile   • 73%  of  drivers  are  women  • Roughly  200  EVs  are  owned  by  private  persons  or  companies.  

• 49%  drive  in  rural  areas  

Effect  of  winter  season  

0%   10%   20%   30%   40%   50%   60%   70%   80%   90%   100%  

Winter  

Other  season  

Up  to  10km   10  to  20km   20  to  30km   30-­‐50km   More  than  50km  

Average  daily  driving  distance    

Data  source:  KredEx  survey,  May  2013  

Where  and  when  do  you  charge?   62%  

21%  

16%  Over  night  at  home  

On  a  day  in  working  place  

I  do  not  plan  ahead  

Other  

Majority  of  users  charge  at  home    

Data  source:  KredEx  survey,  May  2013  

Where  do  you  charge?  

0%   20%   40%   60%   80%   100%  

All  

Public  sector  users  

Commercial  users  

Private  users  

4%  

3%  

5%  

5%  

13%  

8%  

9%  

76%  

78%  

83%  

82%  

19%  

5%  

6%  

5%  

0  

Quick  charger   Slow  charger  at  home  Slow  charger  at  work   Other  

 Data  source:  KredEx  survey,  May  2013  

Summary   • Estonian  EV  market  is  s>ll  dominated  by  government  fleet.  Private  market  is  just  picking  up  à  200  cars  in  18  months.  

• Supply  of  EVs  s>ll  limited  –  lot  of  car  market  segments  uncovered.  

• Winter  has  rather  strong  impact  on  daily  distances.  EV’s  need  to  improve  their  winter  readiness.  

• Majority  of  drivers  rely  on  home  or  office  charging.    

Public  infrastructure  

Usage  of  quick  charging  network  

Growth  of  quick  charging   Number  of  

charging  sessions  per  month,  last  6  months  

Usage  of  quick  charging  network  is  growing  quickly,  peaking  at  5674  sessions  in  August    Data  source:  KredEx,  August  2013  

Uneven  distribu>on  

Number  of  charging  sessions  per  month  per  charger  

Usage  of  quick  charging  network  is  quite  uneven.      Data  source:  KredEx,  August  2013  

Usage  rate  of  chargers  

Total  dura>on  of  charging  sessions  in  August  by  chargers  

Top  chargers  work  30-­‐93  hours  per  month      Data  source:  KredEx,  August  2013  

Daily  charging  profile   Sessions  per  >me  

of  a  day,  last  6  months  

Quick  charging  peaks  during  lunch  >me    Data  source:  KredEx,  August  2013  

Heatmap  of  QC  usage  /  september  2013  

Summary   Growth  rate  last  3  months  above  30%  Important  growth  factors  –  fleet  users:  • Popularity  of  electric  taxis  • Launch  of  EV  car  sharing  program    The  future?  Part  of  naHonal  road  infrastructure  or  a  business  of  fuelling  the  motorists?    

NOW!  in  the  EV    value  chain  

NOW!  Innova>ons  -­‐    the  EV  charging  network  management  solu>on  

Customer  relaHonship  management  

Asset  management  

Business  logic  

development  

Service  design  and  

development  

Suppor>ng  largest  quick  charging  networks  in  Europe  

ELMO  network,  165  quick  chargers   Fastned,  ca  200  quick  chargers  

Growing  list  of  industry  partnerships  

Partnerships  with  charger  OEMs  

Working  with  interoperability  plauorms  Photo  by  jonlclark,  Flickr  

Thank  you!  Jarmo  Tuisk  Director,  electric  mobility  solu>ons  

Mob:            +372  52  01443  Office:          +372  6  023  046  www.nowinnova>ons.com  jarmo.tuisk@nowinnova>ons.com