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1 State Institute of Viticulture and Enology, D-79100 Freiburg (Germany)
2 company GEOsens, D - 79285 Ebringen (Germany) 3 Agroscope Changins-Wädenswil, 260 Nyon (Switzerland) 4 Agroscope Changins-Wädenswil, 8820 Wädenswil (Switzerland)
IOBC Meeting 2013 IOBC-WPRS Meeting of the Working Group
on "Integrated Protection and Production in Viticulture" October 13-17, 2013, Ascona, Switzerland
Agroscope Changins-Wädenswil Staatliches Weinbauinstitut Freiburg
GEOsens Softwareentwicklung
Presentation of the VitiMeteo forecasting system
G. Bleyer1, H.-H. Kassemeyer1, M. Breuer1, R. Krause2 B. Augenstein2
O. Viret3, P.-H. Dubuis3, A.-L. Fabre3, B. Bloesch3, W. Siegfried4, Andreas Naef4
Overview
• Introduction
• VitiMeteo - Current state
• VitiMeteo - Outlook
What is „VitiMeteo“?
• Cooperation project since 2002
• Platform for forecasting models and weather data for viticulture
Supported by Georg Hill; Oppenheim
Changins Freiburg Wädenswil
Objectives
• VitiMeteo – modern and flexible tools
• Tools for research
• Further development of models
• Use in practical plant protection
• Advisory service
• Winegrowers
• Others
Overview
• Introduction
• VitiMeteo - Current state
• VitiMeteo - outlook
Forecasting system “VitiMeteo” 2013
Data sources Database Expert software
Models Presentation
Internet
VM Widgetnew!
Browser
VM Downy mildew
VM Grape Berry Moth
VM Bois noir
VM Weather data
VM Meteograms
VM Powdery mildew
Models
VM Plasmopara
VM Growth
VM Oidiag
VM Insects
VM Hyalesthes
VM Datagraph
AGROMETEO
4
Weather stations Lufft
Campbell Adcon
Hoffmann …
Weather forecast MOS
Meteoblue
Forecasting system “VitiMeteo” 2013
Station overview new!
VM = VitiMeteo
Replikat Agrometeo
VM Edit
VM Transfer
VM BlackRotnew! VM Black Rot new!
Data sources Database Expert software
Models Presentation
Internet
Literature, basis of the model • Müller, K. und Sleumer, H. 1934: Biologische Untersuchungen über die Rebenperonospora in den südwestdeutschen Weinbaubezirken. Z. Pfl. Krankh. Pfl.schutz 57,
635-683
• Blaeser, M., 1978: Untersuchungen zur Epidemiologie des Falschen Mehltaus an Weinreben, Plasmopara viticola (BERK et CURT ex DE BARY) BERL. et DE TONI. Diss. Univ. Bonn
• Hill G.K., 1989: Effect of temperature on sporulation efficiency of oilspots caused by Plasmopara viticola, Berk. & Curt. ex de Bary, Berl. & de Toni in vineyards, Wein-Wissenschaft, (44) 86-90
• Schultz, H.R.,1992: An empirical model for the simulation of leaf appearance and leaf development of primary shoots of several grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) canopy-systems. Scienta Hortic.; 52: 179-200
• Bleyer G. und Huber B., 1996: Bekämpfung der Peronosopora nach dem Freiburger Prognosemodell, Deutsches Weinbau-Jahrbuch (47) 101-112
• Kast W. K., 1999: Stark-Urnau, Survival of sporangia from *Plasmopara viticola*, the downy mildew of grapevine, Vitis, 38 (4) 185-186
• Hill, G. K., 1997: Peronospora: Dem Rätsel der Primärinfektion auf der Spur, Deutsches Weinbau- Jahrbuch (48), 123-131
• Gessler C., Rumbou A., Jermini M. and Gobbin D., 2002: Oosporic infections versus asexualreproduction in Plasmopara viticola epidemics: practical consequences Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Powdery and Downy Mildew in Grapevine, Napa, California, 16
• Loskill B.J., Hoppmann, D, Berkelmann-Löhnertz B., 2002: Epidemiological studies on soilborneinfections of downy mildew. Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Powdery and Downy Mildew in Grapevine, Napa, California, 9
• Viret O. and Bloesch B., 2002: Observation on germination of oospores and primary infection of Plasmopara viticola (Berk & Curt.) Berl. & De Toni under field conditions in Switzerland. Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Powdery and Downy Mildew in Grapevine, Napa, California, 10
• Huber, B. et al. 2002: Studies on the effective period of protective fungicides against downy mildew (P. viticola); Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Powdery and Downy Mildew in Grapevine, Napa, California, 29-30
• Schultz, H.R., 2003: Wachstumsmodell der Rebe: Jetzt wächst die Rebe am Bildschirm. Das Deutsche Weinmagazin 10, 28-31
• Bleyer G., Huber B., Steinmetz V. and Kassemeyer H.-H., 2003: Growth-models, a tool to define spray intervals against downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola); IOBC/wprs Bulletin Vol. 26 (8), 7-12
“VM Plasmopara”
Type of model: Numeric simulation of biological processes
15mm
SPORANGIUM
AUTUMN
SUMMER
SEXUAL STAGE
OOSPORE
22.5mm
OOSPORE
OOSPORES
Oil spots
SPRING
7mm
SPORANGIA
ANTHERIDIUM
+ OOGONIUM
ZOOSPORES
ZOOSPORES
SPORULATION
INCUBATION
Lifecycle Plasmopara viticola
OOSPORE GERMINATION DISPERSION (splashing)
PRIMARY INFECTION
SECONDARY INFECTION
OOSPORE MATURATION
Oliver Viret, Agroscope Changins-Wädenswil
15mm
SPORANGIUM
AUTUMN
SUMMER
SEXUAL STAGE
OOSPORE
22.5mm
OOSPORE
OOSPORES
SPORANGIA DENSITY
Oil spots
SPRING
PRIMARY INFECTION 8-10 mm in 24h Temp. >10
C
7mm
SPORANGIA
ANTHERIDIUM
+ OOGONIUM
ZOOSPORES
ZOOSPORES
SPORULATION 4h dark wet leaves temp. > 11
C RH >92% (Bläser, Weltzien, 1979)
INCUBATION f (temperature) (Müller, Sleumer, 1934)
SECONDARY INFECTIONS
Lifecycle Plasmopara viticola - VitiMeteo - Plasmopara
OOSPORE GERMINATION Algor. 1: RH >80% or wet leaves, temp.>8
C during 8h Algor. 2: 5 mm rain within 48h
DISPERSION (splashing) max rain intensity >3mm/h, temp.>8
C (during 6 h after oospore germination)
PRIMARY INFECTION deg.-hours >50
C during leaf wetness
SPORANGIA DENSITY f (temperature) (Hill, 1989)
SPORANGIA SURVIVAL f (saturation deficit) temp., RH
SECONDARY INFECTION 3-29
C, leaves wet, deg.-hours >50
C (Bläser, Weltzien, 1979
OOSPORE MATURATION STemp. > 8
C >160
C (Gehmann, 1987)
Oliver Viret, Agroscope Changins-Wädenswil
Integration of biological developement VitiMeteo-Plasmopara
Algorithms contain all steps of the development of Plasmopara viticola
PRIMARY INFECTIONS
OOSPORES MATURATION manual or automatic
PRIMARY INFECTION a. Oospores germination
b. Dispersal ( contamination) c. Infection
1
2
INCUBATION
courbe d’incubation (Müller)
SPORULATION
temp. >12
C, obscurité, feuilles mouillées ou 92% HR, 4h
3
4 SURVIE SPORANGES
mortalité en fonction de la température et HR
6
INFECTION
temp. 3 - 29
C, feuilles mouillées, degré - heure >50
7
INFECTIONS SECONDAIRES
DENSITE SPORANGES
selon Hill (1989) 5
INCUBATION
Incubation curve (Müller)
SPORULATION temp. >12
C, dark
Leaf wet or >92% RH, 4h
3
4 SPORANGIA SURVIVAL
f (temp. and RH) 6
INFECTION temp. 3-29
C, leaf wet - - S h x temp. >50
7
SECONDARY INFECTIONS
SPORANGIA DENSITY
after Hill (1989) 5
Validation of primary infections with "VM Plasmopara" Plasmopara viticola: Primary infections and first oilspots
Changins 2003-2011
Lit. : Pierre-Henri Dubuis, Olivier Viret, Bernard Bloesch, Anne-Lise Fabre, Andreas Naef, Gottfried Bleyer,Hans-Heinz Kassemeyer; Ronald Krause.
Lutte contre le mildiou de la vigne avec le modèle VitiMeteo Plasmopara.Revue suisse Viticulture, Arboriculture, Horticulture | Vol. 44 (3): 192–198,
2012
Validation of incubation period with "VM Plasmopara" Plasmopara viticola: incubation period and symptoms (oilspots), n = 100; Freiburg, Schlierberg, Pinot Noir cv., artificial infection on 9th May 2005
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
75% / 9 d 80% /10 d 90% /11 d 100% /12 d 100% /13 d 100% /14 d
18th may 19th may 20th may 21th may 22th may 23th mnay
lea
ve
s %
incubation / days
oilspots visible
oilspots not visible
Oilspots clearly visible from 21.05.
Lit.: Bleyer, G.; Kassemeyer, H. H.; Krause, R.; Viret, O.; Siegfried, W. :"VitiMeteo Plasmopara"-Prognosemodell zur Bekämpfung von „Plasmopara viticola“ (Rebenpernospora) im Weinbau. Gesunde Pflanzen, Germany. 60 (3) 91-100 Jahr: 2008
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
28
30
32
34
01
.05.2
005
08
.05.2
005
15
.05.2
005
22
.05
.20
05
29
.05.2
005
05
.06.2
005
12
.06.2
005
19
.06.2
005
26
.06.2
005
03
.07.2
005
10
.07
.20
05
17
.07.2
005
24
.07.2
005
model: number of leaves, main shoots
real, number of leaves, main shoots
Validation of the growth model, simulation results, Freiburg, Müller-Thurgau cv. 2005
Lit.: Bleyer, G.; Kassemeyer, H. H.; Krause, R.; Viret, O.; Siegfried, W. :"VitiMeteo Plasmopara"-Prognosemodell zur Bekämpfung von „Plasmopara viticola“ (Rebenpernospora) im Weinbau. Gesunde Pflanzen, Germany. 60 (3) 91-100 Jahr: 2008
“VM Powdery mildew”
Type of model: Risk model, mixture of biological and statistical correlations
Literature, basis of the model • Stark-Urnau, M.; Kast, W. K.: Development of ontogenic resistance of powdery mildew in fruit of differently susceptible
grapevines (cvs Trollinger and Lemberger), Mitteilungen Klosterneuburg, Rebe und Wein, Obstbau und Früchteverwertung. 49 (5) 186-189, 1999
• Kast, W. K.; Bleyer, K.: The expert system OiDiag-2.2. - a useful tool for the precise scheduling of sprays against powdery mildew of vine (Erysiphe necator Schwein.), IOBC/WPRD IOBC/WPRS Working group “Integrated Protection and Production in Viticulture , Staufen, 2009
• Kast, W. K.; Bleyer, K.: The expert system OiDiag-2.2.-a useful tool for the precise scheduling of sprays against powdery mildew of vine (*Erysiphe necator*) Schwein. Proceedings of the 6th International Workshop on Grapevine Downy and Powdery Mildew. 151-154, 2010
• Kast, W. K.; Bleyer, K.: EFFICACY OF SPRAYS DURING THE “OPEN WINDOW PERIOD” AGAINST POWDERY MILDEW (ERYSIPHE NECATOR) INFECTIONS OF CLUSTERS OF GRAPEVINES (VITIS VINIFERA). Journal of Plant Pathology. 93, S1.29-S1.32, 2011
“VM Blackrot”
Type of model: Numeric simulation of biological processes
Literature, basis of the model • Molitor D. (2009): Untersuchungen zur Biologie und Bekämpfung der Schwarzfäule (Guignardia bidwellii) an
Weinreben. Dissertation, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen
• Etc.
picture, Daniel Molitor
VitiMeteo – Blackrot Validation since 2012 coordination by Daniel Molitor, Centre de Recherche Public, Luxemburg
Monitoring 2012 red and blue dots
Grafik: http://openstreetmap.de/karte.html
“VM Insects”
Type of model: Statistical correlations of weather data and abundance of pests
Literature • Vogt, E., Schruft G. 2000: „Weinbau“- Eugen Ulmer, p. 322-328.
• Etc.
Validation since 2007, Germany (Baden-Württemberg)
• Good correlation between observed and predicated flight
Lit. : Bleyer, G.; Breuer, M.; Kassemeyer, H. H.; Viret, O.; Dubuis, P. H.; Naef, A.; Hubert, M.; Krause, R.; Mattedi, L.; Varner, M.: Das Prognosesystem "VitiMeteo", Deutsches Weinbau-Jahrbuch, 63 146-158, 2012
“VM Hyalesthes”
Type of model : Statistical correlations of weather data and abundance of pests
Literature • M. Maixner and M. Langer: Prediction of the flight of Hyalesthes obsoletus, vector of stolbur phytoplasma, using temperature sums,
Integrated Protection in Viticulture, IOBC/wprs Bulletin Vol. 29(11), 2006 pp 191-16
Validation since 2008, Germany (Baden-Württemberg)
• Good correlation between observed and predicated flight • Lit. : Bleyer, G.; Breuer, M.; Kassemeyer, H. H.; Viret, O.; Dubuis, P. H.; Naef, A.; Hubert, M.; Krause, R.; Mattedi, L.; Varner, M.:
Das Prognosesystem "VitiMeteo", Deutsches Weinbau-Jahrbuch, 63 146-158, 2012
• Etc.
picture: M. Breuer
“VitiMeteo Data Graph”
Extensive software for
• Presenting
• Administrating
• Controlling
• Weather data
Overview
• Introduction
• VitiMeteo - current state
• VitiMeteo - outlook
VM Widget
Browser
VM Downy mildew
VM Grape Berry Moth
VM Bois noir
VM Weather data
VM Meteograms
VM Powdery mildew
Models
VM Plasmopara
VM Growth
VM Oidiag
VM Insects
VM Hyalesthes
VM Datagraph
Data sources Database Expert software
Models
Presentation Internet
AGROMETEO
4
Weather stations Lufft
Campbell Adcon
Hoffmann …
Weather forecast MOS
Meteoblue
Oultlook - Forecasting system “VitiMeteo” 2014….
Station overview
VM = VitiMeteo Replikat Agrometeo
VM Edit
VM Transfer
VM Black Rot VM Black Rot
VM Mobilenew!
VM Newnew! VM Newnew!
VM Grape rust mite New!
Conclusions - VitiMeteo, 2002 –2013
• Growing platform for forecasting models and weather data for viticulture
• Timely implementation of current research into practical use
• Variable, interactive system for scientists, advisors and winegrowers
• Fruitful and effective participation of many research institutions and partners at home and abroad
picture: E. Kührer
Thank you for the very good cooperation
Staatliche Lehr- und Versuchsanstalt für Wein- und Obstbau Weinsberg
Bernkastel-Kues/Mosel
DLR Rheinhessen-Nahe-Hunsrück
