presentation on asp.net
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HomeHome
.NET Framework 3
Introduction to Asp.Net 4
Overview 5
Asp.Net Features 6
Asp.Net Page structure 9 Event Handlers 12
Web Form Page Life Cycle 13
Script Section 14
HTTP Handlers 17
Server Controls 18
Web Server Controls 19Working with Web Objects 21
Web Services 27
A Word of Thanks 29
Subject Slide No.
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The Way in which Programs are Executed in .NET
.NET Class
Library
Compiled into assembly
Common Language Runtime(CLR)
Compiled into native code
Executes
User
Welcome
DLL
(in MSIL)
.NET Application code is compiled into Microsoft Intermediate
Language (MSIL) and stored into a file called DLL.Applicationsthat run under Common Language Runtime (CLR an execution
engine ) are called managed Code as it providesJIT. At run
time the Assembly is compiled to its final state by the CLR.While running the CLR provides memory management,
type-safety checks, and other run-time tasks for the Application.
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HomeHomeINTRODUCTION TO ASP.NETINTRODUCTION TO ASP.NET
ASP.NET is a part of the Microsoft .NET strategy
for Web development. It is a Web development platform that providesthe services necessary for developers to build
enterprise-classWeb applications.
It applies an object-oriented approach to dynamic
Web applications. ASP.NET Web applications are an optimal solution
for managing large-scale business applications.
ASP.NET Web applications can be deployed on
the Internet or on an intranet.
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HomeHome
Welc e
Server
Resources :
Welcome.aspx
/img
Data Store
.
.
.
Executable
Server
Returns Response3
Receives
Request1
Co posesResponse
2
An Asp. Net Web application response fro server resources
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HomeHome ASP.NET FEATURESASP.NET FEATURES
y
Supports multiple programming languages
ASP.NET
VB.NET C# JScript
Other
languages
supports
Web Application
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HomeHomeADVANTAGES OF ASP.NETADVANTAGES OF ASP.NET
A new development interface underVisual
Studio.NET. Separation of code and presentation logic for better
understanding and maintenance. Extensive language support likeVisual Basic .NET, C#,Jscript
and ADO.NET.
Greater scalability.
Extensive security support. Efficient state management.
Improved data access using ADO.NET. Optimizes the performances of request processing by
providing extensive caching support. Easy deployment of applications.
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Internet Information Services (IIS)
Server resources:
Welcome.aspx
FindTitles.aspxSystem.aspx
/imgPubs Database
.
.
.
WelcomeWeb.config
Style Sheet(CSS)
IIS ReturnsResponse
3 Application composes
Response2
IISStarts Application1
Asp. Net Web application parts interaction on a Web Server
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y Page files are text files with an extension .aspx or .ascx
y Implements application logic using server-side code
y
Presents information to the user in any browser as they arecompatible with any browser or mobile device
y Compatible with any language supported by the .NET CLR
y
Uses extensive controls to create rich user interfaces quickly
y Supported in Visual Studio with powerful rapid application
development tools for designing and programming user forms
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HomeHomeASP.NET PAGESASP.NET PAGES
WebForm.aspx WebForm.aspx.cs
WebForm
Visual component(Usually ContainsHTML and JScript)
Logic (codebehind)
User interface in thebrowserBoth files together make up a WebForm
Static Text and Controls
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HomeHomePAGE DIRECTIVESPAGE DIRECTIVES
y @Page: Defines page-specific attributes used by the ASP.NET page parser
and compiler. Can be included only in .aspx files.
y @Control: Defines control-specific attributes used by the ASP.NET
page parser and compiler. Can be included only in .ascx files (user controls).
y @Import: Explicitly imports a namespace into a page or user control.
y @Implements: Declaratively indicates that a page or user control
implements a specified .NET Framework interface.
y @Register: Associates aliases with namespaces and class names,
allowing user controls and custom server controls to be rendered when
included in a requested page or user control
y @Assembly: Declaratively links an assembly to the current page or user
control.
y @OutputCache: Declaratively controls the output caching policies of a
page or user control.
y @Reference: Declaratively links a page or user control to the current
page or user control.
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HomeHomeEVENT HANDLERSEVENT HANDLERS
y An Event handler is a subroutine that
executes code for a given event.
y Events are raised during each stage of a
Web Form processing.
y The event handler that corresponds to
the raised event runs.
y They provide entry points that allow youto update the contents of the Web Forms
page.
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HomeHomeWEB FORM PAGE LIFE CYCLEWEB FORM PAGE LIFE CYCLE
Stage Event RaisedPage_Init
Page Load
Validate
Form event handler
Page_Unload
Page_PreRender
PageInitialization
User CodeInitialization
Validation
EventHandling
Before Pagerendering
Cleanup
Some events are fired automatically by the page duringsome specific stages of page processing. Others that
are associated with server controls are triggeredon the client but are fired and handled on the server.
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HomeHomeSCRIPT SECTIONSCRIPT SECTION
Script section
Server-side script Client-side script
Executed by the server Executed by the browser
C#
VB
Jscript
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HomeHomeCLIENT SIDE SCRIPTCLIENT SIDE SCRIPT
y They are part of a page and are sent to
the browser which executes them when a
user requests the page.
y Typically used to:
Change the appearance of the page when it is
loaded in the browser
Perform validation on the data entered by the
user in a form
Display relevant information in the browser
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HomeHomeSERVER SIDE SCRIPTINGSERVER SIDE SCRIPTING
y Code can be contained in either server-side code declaration blocks or
render blocks .
y
ASP.NET supports server-side code in anylanguage that targets the runtime.
y Server-side code declaration blocks must
have the runat="server" attribute.
y The src attribute specifies the path andfilename of a script file to load .
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y Every request in ASP.NET is processed by anHttpHandler
For example,ASPX pages are handled by the default
ASPX Page HttpHandler.
y You can create your own HttpHandler to rendercontent based on the requesty Handlers process the incoming request andgenerate the response output.
y Can be directly plugged in IIS7 (no moreregistering extensions to the ISAPI ASP.NET DLL).
HTTP HANDLERSHTTP HANDLERS
HttpModules are Similar to ISAPI FiltersThey are built using .NETThe Integrate with the ASP.NET Request Pipeline
oThe Pipeline is over 20 events that fire duringthe processing of a request.
Used to Catch the Request and React as needed.oURL Rewriting
oSecurity
oLogging
HTTP MODULESHTTP MODULES
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HomeHomeSERVER CONTROLSSERVER CONTROLS
HTML controls
1. Flexible controls.2. Not many features.
3. Used when the form runs in the clientside and user does not need many
features to be incorporated.4. Useful when porting ASP applications
to ASP.NET.
Web controls
1. Rich features that enable programmingof controls
2. Large variety of controls present.
3. Used when the form runsin the server side.4. Better functionality to handle data
stored in the database5. Useful in visual design environments.
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HomeHome WEB SERVER CONTROLSWEB SERVER CONTROLS
ASP.NET provides a set of object-oriented GUIcomponents known as Web Server Controls todesign and develop a web application apart from theHTML controls generally used to design webapplications.
HTML Controls include Htmlform, HtmlImage, HtmlInputfile,etc.
All ASP.NET web server controls derive fromSystem.Web.UI.WebControls namespace.
The ID property can be found in all web servercontrols and is used to give a name to the control beingused in the form for referring it in code and identifying ituniquely among all the controls used in the web form.
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HomeHome WEB SERVER CONTROLSWEB SERVER CONTROLS
y
The AutoPostBack property can be found in all web servercontrols which post back their data to the server when the
form is posted or when a button is clicked.
y The EnableViewState property can be found in all web server
controls and is used to define whether a controls ViewState or
the present value it contains is to be retained in the controlafter the form is posted back to the server.
y Web Server Controls can be classified as:
Text Entry Controls
Control Transfer Controls
Selection Controls Container Controls
y Rich or Special Controls are a set of specialty controls that
reside in the System.Web.UI.WebControls namespace, and
used for a particular task, E.g. : AdRotator, Calendar, etc..
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y NAMESPACES
y USING THE REQUEST OBJECT
y USING THE RESPONSE OBJECT
y RETAINING VALUE OF VARIABLES
y SESSION AND APPLICATION STATE VARIABLES
y CONFIGURATION FILES
y WEB.CONFIG FILE
WORKING WITH WEB OBJECTSWORKING WITH WEB OBJECTS
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Namespaces :
System.Web : The Application, Browser, Cache, Cookies, Exception,Request,Response, Server, andTrace Objects.Use these Classes in mostWeb
Programming tasks.The Application object defined in Global.asax is based onthe Application class.
System.Web.SessionState : The Session object.These classes are used to
retrieve and save items in Session state.
System.Web.Services : TheWebService object.These classes are referred tocreate and use Web Services.
System.Web.UI : The Page and Control objects.These classes are used inWeb form to create and control an applications user interface.Web forms arebased on the Page Class.
Namespaces are a way of organizing code. They provide protection from
conflicting names, sometimes called namespace collisions. This protection isespecially necessary in large projects in which it is very easy for two items
to accidentally have the same name. By organizing your code into namespaces,
you reduce the chance of these conflicts.
COLLECTION OF SIMILAR CLASSESNAMESPACES
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The Page Object Controls your Applications userInterface. The Page object has properties and methods
that provide access to other objects in the userinterface.
The Page base class provides the core methods andproperties that you use frequently when programming
Web forms.
Cache
Controls
Page
Request
Response
Server
Session
Trace
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y The Request Object contains the information sent by theclient browser when a page is requested from the application.The Request has properties and methods that provide accessto other objects that make up the request, as shown in thefigure.
y The HttpRequest object encapsulates information that theclient provides when requesting a page or when submitting aform.
WORKING WITH WEB OBJECTSWORKING WITH WEB OBJECTS
USING THE REQUEST OBJECT
Request
Browser
Client Certificates
Cookies
Files
InputStream
Determine the Capabilities of theBrowser making the request.
Browser properties provide thebrowser version number, determine
if it supports cookies, and supply
other Information.
Authenticate the Client
Get Information from the client inthe form ofCookies
Get Files that are Uploaded by theClient
Read and Write to the raw data sentin the request
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y Web forms are created and destroyed each time a client browsermakes a request. Because of this characteristic, variables declaredwithin a Web form do not retain their value after a page isdisplayed. To solve this problem,Asp. Net provides the followingways to retain variable between requests:
WORKING WITH WEB OBJECTSWORKING WITH WEB OBJECTS
Context.Handlerobject : This object is used to retrieve public membersof one Web forms class from a subsequently displayed Web form.Query strings : This is used to pass information between requests andresponses as part of the Web address. They are visible to the user, so they
should not contain secure information such as passwords.
Cookies : They are used to store small amounts of Information on aClient. Client might refuse cookies, so the code has to anticipate that
possibility.
View State :ASP. Net stores items added to a pages ViewState propertyas hidden fields on the page.Session state : The Session state variables are used to store items thatyou want to keep local to the current session ( single user ).
Application state : The Application state variables to store items that youwant to be available to all users of the application.
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Application Level
Session Level
String ourname = nobel";Response.Write ("Welcome " +ourname);
Global.asax
* Stores event handlers for all events
* Stored in the root directory of the application
* Its location defines the boundary for the application
* Contains configuration settings for allapplications.
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y Application and Session state variables are created on
the fly, without variable name or type checking. We
should limit the access points to these variables.
y Maintaining Session state affects performance. Session
state can be turned off at the application and pagelevels.
y Application state variables are available throughout the
current process, but not across processes. If an
application is scaled to run on multiple servers or on
multiple processors within a server, each process has its ownApplication state.
y The Web applications boundaries determine the scope of
the Application state
WORKING WITH WEB OBJECTSWORKING WITH WEB OBJECTS
SESSION & APPLICATION STATE VARIABLESSession Management can be done in3 ways :
Inproc
StateServer
SqlServer
InProc is the default and easiestmethod. Its a good entry-level and yet
still powerful way to maintain state. Itsalso very performant. Data in the
session is stored in the same memory
space as the application.
The StateServer is a Windows servicesthat operates independently of the web
sites app domain. Objects do require
serialization, however, performance isvery good. The state server can live onone of the web servers, and other web
servers can point to it so the client canconnect to multiple servers and receive
the same state.
The most powerful comes from SQLServer as a state server. It involves a bit of
overhead due to serialization and dataretrieval, however, the performance is still
quite good. Many customers already havelarge/redundant SQL deployments, soleveraging this infrastructure is anadvantage.
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Type of Tag Rule
Tag and attribute
names
Camel-case : The first character of a tag name is
lowercase and the first letter of any subsequent
words are in uppercase.
Attribute values
Pascal-case : The first character is uppercase and
the first letter of any subsequent concatenatedwords is uppercase. Exceptions being true and
false, which are in lowercase.
Configuration files are stored in plain text, which enables web developersto edit them in any text-editor of their choice.
The ASP.NET configuration files are written in XML, which enables thedeveloper to modify them using an XML parser too
If the configuration settings are changed, they are automatically detectedby the system. The server need not be restarted.
DirectorySubDirector
y
Each directory can actually override the configuration of the previous
directory by creating its own configuration file.The clients cannot view the contents of the configuration files using a
browser, thus, ensuring security.
CONFIGURATION FILES
Configuration Files
Machine.Config Web.Config
It setsproperties applicable
fortheentireserver,and
is an XML basedfile
It setsproperties applicable
fortheentireserver,and
is an XML basedfile
Containsproperty settings just
fora single applicationor
evenmay be a singledirectory
ofan application.
Containsproperty settings just
fora single applicationor
evenmay be a singledirectory
ofan application.
Server Configuration File
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CONFIGURATION FILES
Web
Pages
Set the
Property
Values
Application
Configuration
File
Web.Config
This web.configis an base file
Web.Config File Structure
Root
Directory
Of
Application
Web Config
An applicationis configured
using theweb.configfilewhich residesin theroot directory
ofthe application.
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ThankingYou . . .
A.
A WORD OF THANKS . . .A WORD OF THANKS . . .